book-instability-of-the-east-2017
.pdf
|
|
. « |
|
|
|
|
|
», — |
42. |
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
. |
|
|
|
- |
|
? |
|
|
|
зежй |
|
|
|
|
, |
19 |
2014 . |
|
- |
|
|
|
, |
, |
- |
|
; |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
- |
|
, |
, |
|
- |
- |
|
, |
, |
. |
, |
- |
|
2012 . |
( |
|
|
- |
|
), |
|
, |
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
. |
|
« |
- |
|
» |
|
. |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
170 |
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
2014 . |
|
- |
|
. |
, 86 |
|
|
|
|
|
, 69 |
- |
, 16 |
- |
|
|
43, 15 — |
, 13 — |
, |
|
9 |
|
, 8 |
— |
|
|
69
( |
). |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
- |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
- |
||
|
, |
|
|
( |
— |
!). |
||
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
( |
217) |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
( |
|
), |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( - |
), |
|
|
|
( |
|
|
|
, |
|
). |
|
, |
1963 . |
|
- |
|
, |
2013 . |
|
|
. |
|||
|
|
|
|
. |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
- |
|
|
|
- |
, |
|
56% |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
- |
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
2015 . |
|
|
|
- |
|
(166 |
|
|
|
« »). |
|
27 |
- |
|
14 |
|
. |
|
|
2016 . |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
- |
|
; |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
( |
|
)45, |
44, |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
- |
|
, |
, |
, |
, |
|
, |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
, |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
, |
|
|
( |
|
), |
|
, |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
- |
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
70
|
|
|
— |
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
- |
|
- |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
зеж5–2ежл |
г |
|
17 |
2015 |
., |
|
, |
- |
|
|
||||
, |
|
|
|
, |
- |
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
60% |
|
: |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
2015 . |
|
. 10:00 |
. |
|
, |
|
|
, |
, |
- |
|
|
|
|
||
, |
|
, |
|
. |
- |
|
|
- |
|
( |
?), |
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
39 |
40 |
. |
; |
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
, |
- |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
, |
80 |
, |
- |
|
|
|
|
||
. |
|
|
« |
|
- |
» |
|
|
2015 . « |
» |
- |
, 10 |
|
, |
. |
, |
, |
|
|
|
|||
, |
|
|
, |
, |
|
71
|
. |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
25 |
2015 . |
17:00 |
- |
|
. |
. |
, |
, |
|
|
- |
|
|
||
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
30 |
2016 . |
|
|
|
- |
|
, |
|
, |
. |
- |
|
, |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
- |
|
|
|
|
« |
- |
|
» |
|
|
« |
- |
» |
|
. |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
. 3 |
|
|
|
. |
|
- |
( |
1975 |
.), |
- |
|
. 2003–2009 . |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
. |
|
|
- |
9 |
2012 . |
|
, |
|
- |
|
, |
|
|
. 12 |
2016 . |
, |
|
|
, |
. |
- |
|
. |
, |
|||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
- |
|
, |
, |
|
|
, |
« |
». |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
, |
, |
, |
- |
|
« |
|
|
|
». |
, -
72
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
- |
|
|
, |
|
— |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
, |
. |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
6–7 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
. |
|
- |
|
, |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
. |
|
, |
. |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
60% |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
- |
|
|
. |
|
20% |
|
|
|
( |
. |
18–34 |
.) |
. |
17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
, |
, |
35 |
46. |
|
|
, |
- |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
||
: - |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
- |
- |
- |
|
|
|
|||
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
- |
, |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
, |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
. |
|
- |
|
|
|
( |
|
- |
, |
|
, . . |
|
|
) |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
- |
. 21 |
|
|
|
- |
- |
, |
. |
: « |
, |
, |
- |
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
. |
». |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
: « |
- |
, |
|
|
- |
||
». |
|
|
- |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
1- |
|
|
, |
- |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
, 8 |
|
. |
14 |
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||
, |
— |
35 |
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
74
|
« |
|
|
», |
, |
- |
, |
|
|
, - |
, |
|
|
|
, |
- |
, |
|
, |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
, |
|
|
( |
), |
- |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
, 26 |
2016 . |
|
- |
|
|
|
47. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
- |
, |
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
||
, |
( |
13 |
2015 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
) |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
( |
) |
|
- |
|
. |
|
|
, |
. |
|
|
|
- |
|
? |
|
|
|
||
- |
|
|
|
|
|
————–
1 Ben Chrouda L. DКЧs Х‗ШЦЛrО НО ХК rОТЧО. PКr ХО ЦКУШrНШЦО НОs BОЧ AХТ, PКrТs:
Michel Lafon, 2011. P. 177.
2 |
, |
- |
, |
, |
, |
, |
. ( |
- |
, |
, |
.) |
3www.dailymotion.com/video/xhb6wq_gilbert-naccache-revolution-tunisie_news.
4www.Islamisation.fr./archive/2011/12/23/ennahda-selon-hamadi-redissi.html.
5 |
, |
1987 . |
|
20 |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
«The Politicisation of |
||
Islam. A Case Study of Tunisia», |
, |
|
|
- |
|
|
2011 . |
|
« |
- |
|
6 |
|
1959 . |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
» ( |
|
|
|
|
) |
. |
« |
» |
- |
7 |
, |
2012 . |
|||
, |
|
- |
|
. |
- |
: « |
, |
… |
|
». |
- |
|
|
, |
. |
, |
, |
|
- |
, |
- |
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
- |
75
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
. |
« |
- |
» (« |
»): www.alchourouk.com/Ar/print.php? |
|||
|
||||||||
code=565818. |
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
- |
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
- |
|
( |
|
|
), |
- |
|
1953 . |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
- |
|
|
|
|
. |
- |
- |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
( |
). |
|
10 |
TЮЧТsТК‘s SОМЮХКr OЩЩШsТЭТШЧ UЧТЭОs КРКТЧsЭ IsХКЦТsЭs // ааа.КХКrКЛТвК.ЧОЭ/КrЭТМХОs/ |
|||||
2012/03/23/202572.html. |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
« |
|
|
», |
, |
, |
. |
|
|
12 |
|
|
12 |
2011 . |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|||
- |
. |
|
, |
|
|
- |
13 |
|
, |
|
1957 . |
- |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. . |
, |
|
|
, |
- |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
37- |
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Le Maghreb Magazine. № 17. Fцvrier 2013. P. 68). |
|
|
|
|||
14 |
Rцalitцs. № 1411. № 10. 16.01.2013. P. 24. Э |
|
, |
1896 ., |
||
|
, |
|
, |
. |
1945 . |
, |
|
|
, |
- |
|||
|
- |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
15www.tunisie-secret.com/Tunisie-explosif-Ali-Larayedh-devoile-le-veritable-projet-d- Ennahda-en-Tunisie-Document-rare_a217.html.
16www.tunisia-live.net/2013/02/09/tunisian-pm-reaffirms-commitment-to-technocratic-
government.
17RцКХТЭцs. № 1411. № 10. 16.01.2013. P. 24.
18www.marianne.net/Tunisie-le-vice-president-d-Ennahda-accuse-son-president-
_a226591.html.
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
- |
|
. |
, 24 |
2013 . |
|
- |
20 |
|
, |
|
60 |
. |
Al-Maghrib. 08.03.2013; Le Temps. 09.03.2013. |
|
|
|||
21 |
|
|
// Monde diplomatique. 01.04.2013. |
||
|
|
|
|||
22 |
|
|
1958 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
. |
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
23 |
, |
|
|
|
, |
76
|
(26–29 |
2011 |
.), |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
, |
- |
|
|
2011 . |
— |
« |
» |
- |
24 |
2012 . |
|
, |
|
. |
- |
|
|
|
|
|||
|
, |
, |
|
, |
2013 . |
- |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
25 |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
. |
|
, |
|
, |
- |
|
|
|
||||
|
|
, |
|
(1956–1958 .), |
- |
|
|
|
|
(1956–1959 |
.). |
|
- |
27 |
, |
|
1962 ., |
. |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
,1988 .
Hutchinson Aerospace, |
2009 . |
|
|
. 2011 . |
|
|||
|
|
, |
8 |
2013 . |
|
|
||
28 |
www.aljazeera.net/news/pages/3d4c8a65-aca1–4992-a7a0-a2e7c359f94d. |
|
||||||
29 |
|
1986 . |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
( |
) |
|
|
11 |
2012 . |
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
2012 . |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
. |
|
( |
) |
|
|
31 |
|
|
, |
|
( |
- |
||
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
), |
|
, |
« |
» |
( |
|
|
|
). |
|
, |
|
, |
|
- |
|
(2001 |
.) |
|
|
|
, |
|
||
2011 . |
|
, |
|
|
, |
- |
||
|
|
|
, |
|
— |
|
|
|
32 |
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
www.realites.com.tn/2013/12/05/demissions-au-sein-dennahdha-est-ce-le-debut-de- |
||||||||
|
||||||||
la-fin/print. |
- |
, |
1 |
|
2012 ., |
|
||
33 |
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
58% |
|
« ». |
|
|
|
|
|
|
34 |
www.businessnews.com.tn /Ca%C3%83%C2%AFd-Essebsi-tance-les-gouvernants- |
|||||||
actuels-au-meeting-de-Nidaa-Tounes. |
|
: |
|
|
||||
35 |
7 |
|
, |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
- |
|
. |
|
|
36www.tunisia-live.net/2014/01/15/religious-coalition-claims-draft-constitution-violates- principles-of-islam.
37www.aljazeera.net/home/print/f6451603–4dff-4ca1–9c10–122741d17432/b622bf8a- 0265-48d7-a66c-8f691ca7bd48.
38www.tunisia-live.net/2014/01/28/vocal-minority-opposes-constitution.
39 |
- |
- |
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
- |
77
; |
. |
40www.tunisia-live.net/2014/02/01/new-tunisian-foreign-minister-makes-debut-at-au-
summit.
41www.tunisia-live.net/2014/02/05/widows-of-chokri-belaid-mohamed-brahimi-say- killing-ghadhadhi-not-enough.
42www.tunisia-live.net/2014/02/06/tunisia-marks-one-year-since-chokri-belaid-
assassination. |
|
|
|
|
( |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
) |
|
19 |
|
2011 . |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
- |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
1949 |
. |
, |
|
|
|
. |
- |
44 |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
( |
). |
, |
2003–2004 |
. — |
|
|
|
, - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
. |
, |
2010 . |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
). |
28 |
|
2011 . |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
. |
|
2012 — |
2013 |
. |
|
|
|
1954 . |
|
|
. |
. |
- |
||
45 |
|
|
|
|
|
1966–1968 . |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
; |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
. |
|
1999 . |
|
|
2004 . |
- |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
2006 |
., |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
2008 . |
2011 . |
|
. |
. |
2016 . |
|
|
- |
|
|
. |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46 Sara E. Yerkes // www.brookings.edu (11.08.2016).
47 |
|
|
|
|
- |
, |
- |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
167 |
218 |
|
- |
. |
, |
2011 |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
, |
|
- |
|
, |
|
. |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
- |
, |
|
|
||
|
, |
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
— |
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016 |
|
1,5%, |
|
|
|
|
, |
2,5%, |
|
. |
, |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
60%, |
|
|
- |
|
|
13,4 |
|
(6,12 |
), |
|
- |
|
6,7 |
2010 |
. |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
.: |
- |
|
. 27.08.2016. |
|
|
|
|
|
78