- •Introduction
- •Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Work
- •Common and internal markets
- •Development of eu law
- •1. Churchill's Speech
- •2. Marshall Plan - oeec
- •Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Work
- •The Treaty on European Union or Maastricht Treaty (eu Treaty)
- •The European Economic Area (eea) and the European Free Trade Association (efta)
- •The Treaty of Amsterdam
- •The Treaty of Nice
- •The European Convention on the Future of the European Union and the Draft Constitution
- •The Treaty of Lisbon
- •Speaking
- •It must be noted that the principle of subsidiarity and the principle of proportionality also apply to the exercise by the institutions of the powers conferred upon them by the Treaties.
- •Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Work
- •Supremacy of the eu law
- •Fundamental features of union law
- •Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Work
- •Member states' liability for breach of union law
- •Vocabulary Note:
- •Sources of union law
- •Application of National and International Law by the European Courts
- •Application of Union Law by the National Courts
- •Direct effects doctrine
- •Direct effect of union rules
- •Speaking
- •The free movement of goods
- •Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Work
- •Exceptions to the Free Movement of Goods
- •Technical Standards
- •Exceptions to the Free Movement of Goods
- •Theory and Reality of the Free Movement of Goods
- •Rights of residence in the eu
- •1. Introduction
- •2. The free movement of citizens
- •3. Schengen arrangements
- •4. The free movement of workers
- •Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Work
- •The Schengen acquis
- •Vocabulary Note:
- •Students
- •Free movement of workers, the self-employed and their families
- •Vocabulary Note:
- •Free movement exceptions
- •In Article 45(4) of the tfeu. Employment in the "public service" of member states is
- •Right of establishment - professionals
- •Vocabulary Note:
- •Legal services
- •Speaking
Supremacy of the eu law
A which conflict with European Union law
B there is a conflict between the laws of Member States and European Union law
C until recently
D there is a conflict between the laws of Member States and European Union law
E if there is one
F which has relevant provisions in these areas
In Costa v ENEL [1964] ECR 585 the European Court of Justice held that in situations where 1, European Union law prevails, because "a subsequent unilateral act incompatible with the concept of the Community cannot prevail". However, 2 the European Union does not prevent Member States from maintaining or introducing more stringent laws on working conditions, social policy, consumer protection and the environment, so long as these laws are compliant with the Treaty of Rome, 3. Some courts in Member States have resented the supremacy doctrine though it is not commonly challenged and the European Court of Justice has encouraged legal interpretation in light of European Union law by courts in Member States as alternative to repealing or amending laws of Member States 4. A source of tension has historically been the relationship between the constitutions of member states and European Union law. Unlike the UK, most continental European Member States have written constitutions and some have constitutional courts with the exclusive power to interpret the national constitution. The European Court of Justice has rules that such courts must apply European Union law in its entirety, to avoid any conflicting provisions of national law. 5 the French constitutional court has regarded itself not empowered to review administrative measures, as it did not recognise the review power and duty provided to it by European Union law. The German and Italian constitutional courts initially refused to strike down national laws which conflicted with European Union law. The legal system of the European Union depends heavily on the courts in Member States to acknowledge and uphold European Union law, and to follow the interpretation of the European Court of Justice 6. The supremacy doctrine has found widespread acceptance, though the direct and indirect application of European Union law still needs to fully establish itself.
Research task
Exercise 9. Find out the details of the case Costa v ENEL [1964] ECR 585 and discuss them in class.
Writing
Exercise 10. Basing on the main ideas of the text, draw a scheme showing all the types of Union acts. Then, write down short explanations referring to each act.
Exercise 11. Write a plan and a short summary of the text.
Speaking
Exercise 12. Discuss the particularities of the main legislative bodies of the EU: the Council, the Parliament and the Commission.
Unit 4
UNION LAW
Discussion
-
In your opinion, is European Union law part of international law?
-
What are the primary sources of Union law?
-
Does the legal order of the European Union resemble that of a federative state?
-
Is Union law a collection of national legislations?
-
Does Union law stem from national legislations?
Legal Terms
1 |
quasi governmental bodies |
контролируемые государством, полугосударственные органы власти |
2 |
primary Union law |
первичное право Евросоюза |
3 |
secondary/second Union law |
вторичное, производное право Евросоюза |
4 |
specific/separate legal order |
особый, отличающийся правопорядок |
5 |
municipal law |
внутреннее право страны, внутригосударственное право, национальное право |
6 |
cross-border situations |
трансграничные ситуации |
7 |
direct applicability |
прямое применение |
8 |
direct effect |
прямое действие |
9 |
primacy/precedence over national law have primacy (over) |
примат, верховенство, главенствование (права ЕС) над национальным правом главенствовать (над) |
10 |
binding effect |
обязательный характер |
11 |
raison d’être |
фр. разумное основание, смысл (существования чего-либо), суть и смысл |
12 |
invoke Union rules |
применять, требовать применения, признания; ссылаться на нормы Евросоюза |
13 |
be subject to Union law |
регулироваться правом Евросоюза, подчиняться праву Евросоюза |
14 |
uphold rights |
признавать законность прав |
15 |
corollary |
итог, результат, последствие, следствие |
16 |
compatibility of national law with Union rules |
совместимость, сочетаемость национального права с нормами Евросоюза |
17 |
discretionary latitude |
свобода действий |
18 |
uniform interpretation and application |
единообразное, одинаковое толкование и применение |
19 |
adhere to a Treaty |
придерживаться договора, соблюдать договор |
20 |
supplementary Protocols |
дополнительные протоколы |
21 |
the wording and the spirit of the Treaty |
формулировка и дух договора |
22 |
accord precedence |
зд. отдавать предпочтение, воспользоваться |
23 |
reciprocity |
взаимность, принцип взаимности, талион |
24 |
override |
отвергать, отклонять, преодолевать |
25 |
stem from the Treaty |
возникать, проистекать, вытекать из договора |