1. Do you know how to pronounce these words?

relationship, structure, important, historically, vertical, direct authority, simplifies, specific, activities, accounting, personnel, advertising, generally.

2. Translate into Russian.

1. Line structure means direct vertical relationships between the positions and tasks of each level.

2. Organization structure provides an efficient work system.

3. People who hold top-level positions give orders to those who work below their level.

4. A vice-president has direct authority over a department manager.

5. Line chain of command is very important as it simplifies the problems of giving and taking orders.

6. When an organization grows in size, or expands, its structure becomes more complex.

7. Staff specialists usually do specific work, such as accounting, advertising, recruitment of personnel.

8. The activities of staff departments make it possible for the whole organization to accomplish the desired goals more efficiently.

3. Complete the sentences with an appropriate word:

Organization structure shows ________ between each position and positions above and below.	authority
A sales manager has direct _________ over a salesman.	task
As a rule a _________ usually does not give orders to other departments.	a staff department
When an organization gets more _______ there is a need for staff departments.	relationships
My friend __________ of sales manager.	complex
The _______ of staff departments is to do different services.	a line department
My friend works in a __________, he is responsible for the company product.	holds a position

4. Answer the questions:

1. What does the organization structure mean?

2. Why is it important?

3. What is historically the oldest type of organization structure?

4. What is the main idea of line structure?

5. How does it work?

6. What does the line chain of command provide?

7. When does it become necessary to add staff specialists?

8. What kind of activities do they perform?

9. What is the difference between line and staff departments?

10. Why is advertising department or a credit department considered staff structure rather than line structure?

TASK 2 Business Word Pairs

Match the words on the left (1-18) with their equivalents on the right (a-r):

1. headquarters	a) chief
2. executive	b) plan
3. human resources	c) products
4. customer	d) sales revenue
5. plant	e) position
6. head	f) purchaser
7. firm	g) correspondence
8. manufacturing	h) objective
9. Chief Executive Officer	i) factory
10. turnover	j) deliver
11. pay	k) manager
12. buyer	l) production
13. post	m) head office
14. supply	n) Managing Director
15. target	o) company
16. letters	p) salary
17. goods	q) client
18. scheme	r) personnel

TASK 3

Choose the word from the list below that matches each definition or completes each sentence:

Produce, product, producer, production

1. something that is made in a factory:

2. the process of making things in factories:

3. a company that makes things:

4. Taylor’s system was first applied in the … of cars.

5. By following Taylor’s ideas, a manufacturer is able to … more goods.

6. Taylor’s objective was to keep the cost of each … to a minimum.

TASK 4