PTO_uchebnoe_posobie
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ɑȺɋɌɖ 1.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɨɞɴɺɦɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ …………………...3
1. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɨɥɶ ɩɨɞɴɺɦɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ...…………………………………………………....3 |
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Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɉɌɆ ɢ ɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ. .................................................................................................... |
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2.1. Ɍɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ......................................................................................................... |
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2.2. Ʉɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɞɴɺɦɧɨɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ. ............................................................................... |
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2.3. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɛɨɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ................................................................................................ |
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2.4. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ (ɉɌɆ). .................................................................... |
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ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɨɞɴɺɦɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ. ................................................................................ |
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3.1. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɉɌɆ. ......................................................... |
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3.2. Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɢ ɦɚɲɢɧ..................................................................................................... |
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Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ. ............................................................................................................................................ |
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Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ. ................................................................................................................................................... |
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ɑȺɋɌɖ 2. |
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Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɺɦɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ……………………………………………………. ........37 |
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2.1. Ƚɪɭɡɨɡɚɯɜɚɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɢɛɤɢɟ ɬɹɝɨɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ. ................................................... |
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2.1.1. Ƚɪɭɡɨɡɚɯɜɚɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɹ…………………………………………………………………..…....37 |
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2.1.2. Ƚɢɛɤɢɟ ɬɹɝɨɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ. ............................................................................................................................. |
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2.2.Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ……………………………………………………………...60
2.2.1.Ȼɥɨɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɥɢɫɩɚɫɬɵ, ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɵ ɢ ɡɜɟɡɞɨɱɤɢ…………………………………………………………..60
2.2. 2. Ɍɨɪɦɨɡɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ. .............................................................................................................................. |
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2.3. ɉɪɢɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ…………………………………………….….…77 |
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2.3.1. ɉɪɢɜɨɞ ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ.......................................................................................................... |
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2.3.2. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɚ ɝɪɭɡɚ……………………………………………………………...………………..82 |
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2.3.3. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ. ....................................................................................................................... |
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2.3.4. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɩɨɜɨɪɨɬɚ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɥɟɬɚ ɫɬɪɟɥɵ.................................................................... |
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ɑȺɋɌɖ 3.
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ…………………………………101
1.Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɚɯ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ…………………………………….101
1.1.Ɋɨɥɶ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ………………………………………………101
2.Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ.………………………..........105
2.1.Ʌɟɧɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɵ……………………………………………………………………….105
2.2.ɉɥɚɫɬɢɧɱɚɬɵɟ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɵ…………………………………………………………………...108
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2.3.ɉɨɞɜɟɫɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɡɨɧɟɫɭɳɢɟ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɵ………………………………………………………110
2.4.ɒɚɝɨɜɵɟ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɵ…………………………………………………………………………112
2.5.ɗɥɟɜɚɬɨɪɵ…………………………………………………………………………………….113
2.6.ȼɢɧɬɨɜɵɟ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɵ ……………………………………………………………………...119
2.8.Ƚɪɚɜɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ…………………………………………………………….......123
2.9.Ʉɚɱɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɵ……………………………………………………………………..126
2.10.ȼɢɛɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɵ…………………………………………………………………128
2.11.ɉɧɟɜɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ……………………………………………………...131
2.12.Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ……………………………………………………....134 3. Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ……………………………………….135
3.1.ȼɵɛɨɪ ɬɢɩɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ………………………………………………….135
3.2.ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ…………………………………………………………………………136
3.3.ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɨɜ…………………………………………...138
3.4.Ɍɹɝɨɜɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ…………………………………………………………………………..142
3.5.Ɍɹɝɨɜɵɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɚ…………………………………………………………………..148
3.6.ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɬɹɝɨɜɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ………………………………………………..150
3.7.ɉɪɢɜɨɞ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ…………………………………………………………….151
3.8.ɇɚɬɹɠɧɵɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ……………………………………………………………………….154
3.9.Ɍɨɪɦɨɡɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ………………………………………………………………………156
3.10.Ɂɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɵɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ…………………………………………………158
ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ………………………………………………………………………………160
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