J.P. Voronov, n.P. Yershova

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OP SOCIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT

The authors adhere to general principles of measurement representation theory developed by P. Suppes and J. Zines. It is shown here that the principles of measurements, proposed by Ajdukiewiez may be considered as a special case of this theory.

Some alternative generalizations of the measurement representation theory are given which may be useful for its application in sociology.

The paper sets forth a number of problems concerning practical application of this theory for processing the sociological data.

E.V. Ryvkina, m.I. Cheremisina

ON A PROGRAM OF CONSTRUCTING A DICTIONARY OF SOCIOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY

This paper gives an extensive and well-reasoned design program for systematization and clarification of sociological terminology. The body of planned work is meant to be of two kinds: 1) methodological and terminological analyses of sociological theories and 2) the construction of a dictionary of sociological terms based on these analyses and made according to definite rules of inference. These rules result from logical analysis of definitions stated in sociological literature by direction or indirection.

166

V.I. Gerchikov

MUTUAL ORIENTATION OF SOCIOLOGICAL SCALES

Here is described a method of transition from nominal scales to graded ones through orienting then by a basic graded scale. An algorithm realizing this method is given here. The second part of the paper describes a program made in terms of ALGOL-60 and adjusted for electronic computers M-20. Using this program, up to 8 scales nay be simultaneously oriented by the basic scale.

B.G. Mirkin

A NEW APPROACH TO THE PROCESSING OF SOCIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

This paper presents a scheme of techniques for solving a broad class of problems pertaining to processing non-numerical data based on a common principle. The main tool is a measure of proximity among partitions in a set of surveyed objects. This measure is introduced by Beans of four natural axioms which uniquely determine it. Some methods of solving certain problems of data processing with the help of partitions proximity measure are given: quantitative estimation of proximity and significance of characters, classifications of objects, etc.

167

V.G. Ustiuzhaninov

Information measures and their application in sociological analysis

The paper introduces difference measures among characters obtained on a nominal scale. It has been shown that this task is equivalent to measuring differences between two sets of objects on which the sane set of characters was determined.

For this, informational difference measures are used, calculated by conventional probability distributions.

On a number of examples the author demonstrates the sphere of application of these measures in sociological studies.

As a natural generalization of the binary difference measure, a difference measure for sets of objects whose number is more than two is introduced.

The application of difference measure for measuring time variations of the same object is considered.

The findings of this paper are used in the other paper by this author published in the present volume.