1.1 Lecture on Music
A. Listen to a lecture in a music class, and answer the questions.
icon – an object or person that has an uncritical following
orchestrate – to write and arrange music for an orchestra
tuba – a large, metal, wind instrument that is shaped like a tube with a wide open end
recognition – specific notice or attention
recording – a copy of music onto a CD, tape, record, etc.
1. What is the main topic of the lecture?
(A) The effects of cool jazz
(B) The origins of a type of music
(C) A form of musical theory
(D) A comparison of two band leaders
2. What is the main idea of the lecture?
(A) How cool jazz changed jazz music
(B) A jazz musician and his influences
(C) Why cool jazz had a slow tempo
(D) The type of instruments cool jazz used
B. Listen again and fill in the diagram with the information you hear.
Cool Jazz
C. Summarize the lecture using the diagram.
D. Fill in the blanks with the key words to complete the summary below.
The professor is talking about cool jazz from the 1940s and '50s. This jazz had more classical European influences than earlier forms of jazz. This meant that jazz musicians could also use instruments like flutes and _____________. The music sounded lighter and softer and jazz bands became bigger. Bands grew to be mid–sized _____________ groups and also gave individuals more focus. The first true cool jazz _____________ was Miles Davis. He made a famous _____________ that brought him much _____________ as a musical artist.
1.2 Lecture on Geology
A. Listen to a lecture in a geology class, and answer the questions.
carbon – a nonmetal element that can exist as diamonds, coal, or organic compounds
crystallize – to cause the formation of crystals
erupt – to burst out suddenly and violently
magma – hot, liquid rock that is contained within the Earth
weather – lo expose something to the open air so that it breaks down
1. What is this lecture mainly about?
(A) A natural process that results in a transformation
(B) How to classify different types of diamonds
(C) A comparison of how coal and diamonds are formed
(D) The geological process that results in volcanoes
2. What aspect of diamonds does the professor discuss?
(A) How they are cut
(B) Where to find them
(C) How they are created
(D) Why they are valuable
B. Listen again and fill in the diagram with the information you hear.
How Diamonds are Formed
C. Summarize the lecture using the diagram.
D. Fill in the blanks with the key words to complete the summary below.
The professor explains how diamonds are formed from lumps of coal. Coal is made from _____________ molecules that change due to heat and pressure. The coal lumps are found about 160 kilometers inside the Earth. The temperature here is about 2200 degrees Fahrenheit.
These conditions change the molecules of coal which ___________ to form a diamond. When volcanoes _____________, molten rock, or ____________ containing diamonds is pushed upwards. The rock then hardens and _____________ away over time to reveal the diamonds.