European-april-14

Croquis

2014: The 100. Anniversary of the beginning of First World War – merely every school student knows about the name

of Gavrilo Princip.

Gavrilo Princip

Gavrilo Princip was a Bosnian Serb, who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his pregnant wife, Sophie, on the Latin Bridge in Sarajevo, on June 28, 1914. This act was used as a cause of Austria-Hungary’s invasion of Serbia, which then led to World War I.

A mistake is made by those historians, who say that Princip supported Serbian nationalism and that the region of Balkan in this regard should be led by an enlarged Serbian state. This is not entirely true. Princip was a Yugoslav nationalist and a member of the movement “Mlada Bosna” (“Young Bosnia”), which mostly consisted of Serbs, but also of Bosnians and Croats. In the assassination plot he received help from Serbian nationalists (the special role of Colonel Apis and the Black Hand Gang – secret society dedicated to promote Serbian interests by terror). Colonel Apis was a part of Serbian military intelligence that had planned and taken part in previous assassinations, including his own sovereign, King Alexander I, in 1903. Mysterious was also a role of the other conspirator, Danilo Ilić.

Therefore, we could not presume that Princip was the only and the main historical figure that would be to blame for the beginning of the First World War, which brought down four empires and cost more than 15 million lives. It is also hard to judge, whether to blame Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany and his chief military advisers or AustroHungarians or the Russians for the actual outburst of the war. The fact is that the governments of all the main powers preferred war to diplomacy. It was about the firm belief that the Central Powers could not lose. But that was obviously a wrong thought.

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Gavrilo Princip, a very poor boy from a small village Obljaj in Bosnia, was too young (19 years) for the Habsburg law for the death sentence. Instead, he was sentenced to 20 years in jail. He died in 1918, shortly before the end of the war. His body had become racked by skeletal tuberculosis that destroyed his bones and his right arm had to be amputated. The two young men, who attacked Franz Ferdinand together with Princip, shared nearly the same destiny (death in prison in their fresh youth ages) as their companion. Their fatal acts were in a style of kamikaze, because they both took a deadly poison shortly after the attacks, but they failed.

Still, the history mainly simplifies the facts and in popular narrative, we see only one person as a main actor for the beginning of the First World War.

Of course we are aware of the great role of personalities when speaking about world’s history; but Princip was merely the naïve young Bosnian boy, maybe a sacrificed one, of the other more important and invisible figures. From this point of view the young assassinator is a tragic symbol, reminding us how historical circumstances should not and could not be covered up by what he symbolises. It would be far too simple, whatever the period and context.

Nowadays, the sympathy for God and devil is nearly almost the same as it used to be before hundred years ago. The question of who is who is not the ethical one, neither political. It is a tribal one, which roots in differentiated historical backgrounds. And this is not a good sign. As it was never.

Anja Fabiani

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GENERAL SUBMISSION GUIDELINES

GENERAL SUBMISSION GUILDELINES

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