- •KAzan federal univeRsIty Essential English for Biology Students kazan
- •The Content
- •Init IV. Inheritance 67
- •Unit I. What is biology?
- •Text 1.1 The Characteristics Of Life
- •I. Quick check
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could
- •IV. Find English equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •VII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •IX. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •X. Food for thought:
- •XI. Translate into English using all the active possible:
- •Text 1.2. What Do Biologists Do?
- •I. Quick check
- •II. Find synonyms among the pool of words:
- •IV. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary.
- •IX. Food for thought.
- •X. Traslate into English using all the active possible
- •XI. Prepare a short presentation to answer the question:
- •XII. Write a letter to your tutor telling him or her which areas of Biology you would like to specialize in and why. Use these notes to help you.
- •XIII. Prepare a short presentation to answer the question:
- •Unit II. Сell
- •Text 2.1 Cell Theory
- •A typical animal cell
- •A typical plant cell
- •I. Quick check
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VI. Give Russian equivalents to the following English terms:
- •VII. Find synonyms among the pool of words:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •Text 2.2. Introduction To Cell Division
- •Chromosomes form homologous pairs
- •I. Quick check:
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before.
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •Text 2.3. Microscopes
- •Magnification and resolution
- •The transmission electron microscope
- •The scanning electron microscope
- •I. Quick check
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •IX. Match the sentence halves. Make complete centences:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Unit III. Molecular biology of the gene
- •Text 3.1. Dna Structure
- •In summary
- •I. Quick check
- •II. Fill in the missing words:
- •III. Use a monolingual English dictionary and give the definitions of the words below:
- •IV. Find English equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •V. Suggest Russian equivalents for the following word combinations
- •VI. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
- •VII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before.
- •VIII. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •IX. Food for thought:
- •X.Translate into English using all the active possible:
- •Text 3.2 Chromosomes
- •V. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •VI. Read and translate the short text without a dictionary:
- •VII. Food for thought:
- •VIII. Translate into English using all the active possible:
- •IX. Use a monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •X. Read the text and render it in English:
- •XI. Prepare a short presentation reflecting the following issues:
- •Init IV. Inheritance
- •Text 4.1. Variation
- •I.Quick check
- •II. Using a monolingual English dictionary define the following genetic terms:
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
- •V. Find English equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •VI. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before.
- •VII. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •VIII. Food for thought:
- •IX.Translate into English using all the active possible:
- •X. Meet essential targets reflecting the following issues:
- •Text 4.2. Down's Syndrome And Genetic Screening
- •Down's syndrome: trisomy 21
- •V. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
- •VII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before.
- •VIII. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •X. Translate into English using all the active possible:
- •XI. Meet essential targets reflecting the following issues:
- •Unit V. Nervous and hormonal coordination
- •Text 5.1. Nerves And Hormones
- •I. Quick check
- •II. Using monolingual English dictionary write down what the words below mean:
- •V. Translate into English using all the active possible:
- •VI. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
- •VII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before.
- •VIII. Find English equivalents to the following word combinations and make up sentences with them:
- •IX. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary
- •X. Food for thought.
- •XI. Prepare a short presentation on 2 or 3 glands reflecting the following issues:
- •Text 5.2. Setting up a nerve impulse
- •Investigating nerve impulses
- •Ion channels and action potentials
- •I. Quick check
- •II. Using monolingual English dictionary write down what the words below mean:
- •V. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •VI. Translate into English using all the active possible:
- •VIII. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary
- •I. Quick check:
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Text 6.2. Natural Selection
- •I. Quick check
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Text 6.3. Artificial Selection
- •I. Quick check:
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Text 6.4. Human Evolution: Primate Ancestors
- •I. Quick check:
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •IV. Match these words with their definitions:
- •V. Find English equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •VI. Give Russian equivalents to the following English terms:
- •VII. Find synonyms among the pool of words:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •IX. Match the sentence halves. Make complete sentences:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Unit VII. Photosynthesis
- •Text 7.1. Photosynthesis: An Overview
- •I. Quick check:
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Text 7.2 Factors Affecting The Rate Of Photosynthesis
- •I. Quick check:
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Text 7.3. Photosynthesis In Different Climates
- •I. Quick check
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •XI. Food for thought:
- •Unit VIII. Structure and transport in plants
- •Text 8.1 The Leaf
- •I. Quick check
- •II. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •VIII. Match the sentence halves. Make complete sentences.
- •IX. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before.
- •X. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary.
- •XI. Food for thought
- •XII. Translate into English using all the active possible.
- •Text 8.2. The Stem
- •I. Quick check
- •III. Use monolingual English dictionary and write down what could the words given below mean:
- •IV. Find English equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •VII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
- •IX. Read and translate the short text without any dictionary:
- •X. Food for thought:
- •XI. Translate into English using all the active possible.
- •Supplementary reading Texts for Reading, Retelling and Discussing
- •Extract from a lecture about immunization
- •Quick check:
- •Griffith's experiment: transformation of pneumococci.
- •Quick check:
- •Quick check:
- •Quick check:
- •Suggested Answers and Solutions
- •Glossary of Biological Terms
- •Appendices
- •Book Presentation (Useful Language)
- •Phrases to Be Used in Discussion
- •References – Список использованной литературы
- •Web – Resources and Support Web links to some useful and helpful resources:
VI. Give Russian equivalents to the following English terms:
|
№ |
English term |
Russian equivalent |
|
1 |
a compound light microscope |
|
|
2 |
to serve structures |
|
|
3 |
to have certain features in common |
|
|
4 the basic units of life |
|
|
|
5 |
the cell theory |
|
|
6 |
the functioning unit of life |
|
|
7 |
it takes place in cells |
|
|
8 |
independent existence |
|
|
9 |
a typical animal cell |
|
|
10 |
a cell surface membrane |
|
|
11 |
а ball-shaped nucleus |
|
|
12 |
a fibrous material |
|
|
13 |
inside the cell |
|
|
14 small rod-like structures |
|
|
|
15 |
a food storage |
|
|
16 |
a sap-filled cavity |
|
|
17 |
starch grains |
|
|
18 |
exposed to light |
|
VII. Find synonyms among the pool of words:
|
Pool of words |
Synonyms |
|
1) 1.occur /2.scatter /3. take place /4. spread |
|
|
2) 1.cavity /2.sap /3.juice /4.contents /5.hole /6.ingredients |
|
|
3) 1.nucleus/2.division/3.core/4.naked/5.separation/6. bare |
|
|
4) 1.unit /2.part /3.fluid /4.grain /5.solution /6.corn |
|
VIII. Answer the following questions. Use all information given before:
When were cells discovered?
How did Robert Hooke discover cells?
What is called the cell theory?
What are the main ideas of the cell theory?
What is the structure of a typical animal cell?
How do plant cells differ from animal cells?
IX. Match the sentence halves. Make complete sentences:
|
1. |
Hooke designed his own compound light microscope |
A. |
a membrane is called the tonoplast. |
|
2. |
The concept that cells are the basic units of life |
B. |
of living organisms. |
|
3. |
Cells form the building blocks |
C. |
which controls their activities. |
|
4. |
Cells arise only by |
D. |
to observe structures too small to be seen with the naked eye. |
|
5. |
Cells contain inherited information |
E. |
called chromatin. |
|
6. |
The contents consist of a central ball-shaped nucleus |
F. |
the division of existing cells. |
|
7. |
The nucleus contains a fibrous material |
G. |
called the vacuole. |
|
8. |
Chromatin contains DNA, the material which controls |
H. |
became embodied in a theory called the cell theory. |
|
9. |
Most plant cells have a large sap-filled cavity |
I. |
surrounded by material called cytoplasm. |
|
10. |
The vacuole surrounded by |
J. |
in the cytoplasm. |
|
11. |
Many plant cells have chloroplasts |
K. |
the various activities inside the cell. |
|
12. |
Chloroplasts occur only in the parts of plants |
L. |
exposed to light – the green parts. |