Unit 2: Hot and Cold Weather
TASK 7. Match the words and expressions describing hot weather with their definitions.
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1 |
hot |
a |
uncomfortably warm because there seems to be no air |
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2 |
a drought |
b |
hot and uncomfortable so that you can hardly breathe |
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3 |
mild |
c |
so hot and damp that it makes you sweat a lot |
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4 |
Indian summer |
d |
the weather conditions when the air is very warm and wet |
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5 |
heat |
e |
extremely hot |
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6 |
a heat wave |
f |
very hot, often used in negative contexts |
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7 |
humid |
g |
warm at a time when it is normally cold |
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8 |
close (adj) |
h |
something that has a high temperature |
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9 |
scorching |
i |
very hot weather or a high temperature |
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10 |
stifling |
j |
a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live |
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11 |
humidity |
k |
a period of warm weather in autumn |
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12 |
boiling |
l |
a period of unusually hot weather, especially one that continues for a long time |
TASK 8. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the box. Options are possible. Be ready to translate the sentences into your mother tongue
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heat wave |
a severe drought |
stifling heat |
hot and close |
oppressive heat |
stifling |
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humid |
Indian summer |
mild |
heat of the day |
humidity |
scorching |
The weather that night was _________, with a hint of thunder in the distance.
I know I will never be able to bear the _________ of the tropics.
Paul couldn’t stand the _________ of New York in July and ran away to Florida.
The morning was beautiful. But at three the sun turned red and a great _________ descended on the town.
It didn’t rain for six months. We had _________ that caused most of the corn crop to fail.
Tokyo is _________ in mid-summer. It is so hot and damp that it makes me sweat all the time and I feel far from comfortable.
English winters are usually _________, and the temperature seldom drops to 2°C below zero.
There in Huston, it was a _________ 35°C today. It was unbearably hot and sultry.
It was difficult to work in the _________ heat of the warehouse, but still finished our work before dusk.
The first thing that hits you when you arrive in Baku in summer is the heat and the incredible, oppressive _________.
Angela was used to having a rest during the _________.
No one can deny that Nature is at its finest during _________. Unfortunately, it doesn’t last long, and then long, chilly rains follow that spell of extremely nice weather.
TASK 9. Match the words and expressions describing cold weather with their definitions.
Part 1
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1 |
frost |
a |
weather conditions when the temperature of the air is very low |
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2 |
sleet |
b |
weather conditions when the temperature of the air is low but not cold in a way that feels pleasant |
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3 |
snow |
c |
weather conditions when the temperature of the air is cold enough to make you uncomfortable |
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4 |
slush |
d |
a short period of particular weather (e.g. good, bad, rainy) |
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5 |
cold |
e |
very cold weather when water freezes |
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6 |
blizzard |
f |
a thin, white coat of ice on everything; white powder that covers the ground when it is cold |
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7 |
cool |
g |
half-frozen rain that falls when it is very cold |
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8 |
a spell |
h |
dirty, brownish, half-snow, half-water on the road that has partly melted and is very wet |
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9 |
snowflakes |
i |
soft white frozen water that falls from the sky |
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10 |
chilly |
j |
a small soft flat piece of frozen water that falls as snow |
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11 |
hoar frost (= white frost; frost) |
k |
a storm with a lot of snow and a strong wind |
Part 2
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12 |
a snow plough = snowplow |
l |
drops of rain that fall as ice : |
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13 |
to thaw |
m |
a deep mass of snow formed by the wind; deep banks of snow against walls |
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14 |
to freeze |
n |
an occasion when snow falls from the sky, or the amount that falls in a particular period of time |
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15 |
an icicle |
o |
a simple figure of a person made of snow |
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16 |
an ice floe |
p |
a small vehicle with a motor that moves over snow or ice easily |
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17 |
hail (= hailstones) |
q |
a vehicle, or piece of equipment on the front of a vehicle, that is used to push snow off roads |
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18 |
a snowdrift |
r |
to change from frozen state to normal. |
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19 |
ice |
s |
to turn into liquid under the influence of a high temperature |
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20 |
a snowfall |
t |
to become hard and solid because the temperature is very cold |
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21 |
to melt |
u |
water that has frozen into a solid state |
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22 |
a snowman /a snow maiden |
v |
a long thin pointed piece of ice hanging from a roof or other surface |
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23 |
a snowmobile |
w |
an area of ice floating in the sea, that has broken off from a larger mass |
TASK 10. Weather words form numerous collocations.
Step 1. Study the weather collocations given below. Translate them into your mother tongue.
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|
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Descriptions It can be: |
Actions It can: |
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1 |
heat |
gentle, extreme, intensive, searing, stifling, sweltering, scorching, dry, humid, tropical, midday, summer |
exhaust; damage; destroy, melt |
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2 |
humidity |
high, low and relative |
rise; lessen |
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3 |
frost |
severe, hard, heavy, sharp, keen; ground, early, late |
damage |
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4 |
hoarfrost |
white; light |
cover; melt; damage; sparkle |
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5 |
snow |
first, fresh, new-fallen; deep, heavy, powdery, wet, light, driving, swirling, artificial, blinding, pure white, thin, thick; |
fall, settle, drift, melt; swirl, cover |
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6 |
sleet |
cold |
fall; wonder through the air; rattle across the window; pound on the roofs |
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7 |
slush |
cold; brown; black; muddy; freezing; |
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8 |
a spell |
dry; wet; hot; cold; warm; short; brief; long; prolong; sunny; rainy; stormy |
settle; follow, to be in for a spell of good/bad weather |
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9 |
a snowflake |
soft; beautiful; fluffy |
fall; swirl; sparkle |
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10 |
a snowfall |
heavy; light; little; |
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11 |
ice |
thick; thin; black; eternal; drift; polar; slippery |
cover; melt; form; crack |
Step 2. Translate the collocations given below into English.
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Russian |
Ukrainian |
English |
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1 |
испепеляющая жара |
спопеляюча жара |
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2 |
период очень сильной, экстремальной жары |
період дуже сильної, екстремальної жари |
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3 |
бабье лето |
баб'є літо |
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4 |
сильная засуха |
сильна посуха |
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5 |
томительная жара |
томлива жара |
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6 |
мягкая зима |
м'яка зима |
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7 |
удушающая жара |
задушлива жара |
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8 |
дневная жара |
денна жара |
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|
9 |
жарко и душно |
пекуче й задушливо |
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10 |
дорожный снегоочиститель |
дорожній снігоочисник |
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11 |
льдина |
крижина |
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12 |
снеговик/снегурочка |
сніговик/снігурка |
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13 |
невыносимая жара |
нестерпна жара |
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|
14 |
снежный сугроб |
сніжний замет |
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|
15 |
прохладная погода |
прохолодна погода |
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|
16 |
промозглая погода |
вогка погода |
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|
17 |
только что выпавший снег |
сніг, що тільки що випав |
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18 |
краткий период дождливой погоды |
короткий період дощової погоди |
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19 |
сильный снегопад |
сильний снігопад |
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20 |
грязный талый снег |
брудний поталий сніг |
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21 |
мягкий, рассыпчатый снег |
м'який, розсипчастий сніг |
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22 |
пушистые снежинки |
пухнаті сніжинки |
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23 |
снежная крупа барабанит по крышам |
сніжна крупа тарабанить по дахах |
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24 |
снег кружится |
сніг кружляється |
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25 |
относительная влажность воздуха |
відносна вологість повітря
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26 |
дрейфующий лед |
дрейфуючий лід |
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|
27 |
вечная мерзлота |
вічна мерзлота |
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|
28 |
тонкая ледяная корка на дорогах; гололед |
тонка крижана кірка на дорогах; ожеледь |
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TASK 11. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the box. Options are possible. Be ready to translate the sentences into your mother tongue.
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hail/hailstones |
frost |
blanket of snow |
hoarfrost |
melting |
snowflakes |
|
swirling |
black ice |
sleeting/snowing |
in a blizzard |
freeze |
heat |
|
cold |
ice floes |
slippery |
freezing |
frozen |
icicles |
|
spell |
slush |
snowdrift |
chilly |
thaw |
snowfall |
|
ice |
snowflakes |
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It was _________ so hard we could barely see for 30 yards and soon got lost.
The snow was _________ rapidly, but the children were still sliding around in the dirty snow and _________.
Snow began to fall and soon the ground was covered with a deep _________.
Even the first _________ can kill delicate plants; so they have to be covered with straw as soon as it gets really _________.
Henry heard a strange sound and looked out of the window. _________ as big as quail eggs were bouncing on the tiled roof.
The accident happened when James was driving home _________, and the visibility was close to zero.
The _________ was so heavy that when I came back with an armful of birch logs, I saw Tony digging our tent out of a huge _________.
A light snowfall was just beginning, and Jasper looked like wonder itself with _________ in his hair.
In our parts, _________ usually sets in late March. But this year spring was late so the lake started to _________ only in late April.
The lake had _________ overnight, and in the morning we could see several kids put on their skates to try the first _________.
Big _________ were drifting down the river. There were three fishermen on one of them, waving their hands and crying for help.
Long _________, glittering in the sky, hung from the roof of the hut.
I was _________. My teeth were chattering with _________ and I couldn’t say a single word.
When spring finally comes, it is often followed by a _________ of cold weather late in March, called the Blackthorn Winter.
_________ on the roads makes driving conditions extremely dangerous.
The water in the lake used to _________ most winters, and then it was good for skating.
The first _________ that lay on the branches of the trees and sparkled under the sun made the sight beautiful.
It is recommended not to wear black clothes in the desert as they absorb the _________ from the sun.
The wind _________ around the tree had blown all the snow away from its trunk.
Large _________ slowly fall to the ground, and the streets are _________ with ice.