Determination of spread of the primary tumor (t)

TX - insufficient data to assess the primary tumor or have only poo's Lynn cells in sputum or bronchial washing waters without identifying itself pu's tench imaging techniques or during bronchoscopy.

T0 - primary tumor is not defined.

TIS - Pre and nvazyvna carcinoma (carcinoma in situ).

T1 - tumor ≤ 3 cm in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung tissue or visceral pleura, without apparent invasion proximal ischemic partial bronchus during bronchoscopy.

T2 - tumor with each of the following characteristics:

more than 3 cm in greatest dimension, but ≤ 7 cm, tumor of any size with involvement of the main bronchus (Unusual superficial tumor and nvazy in H & M component, limited bronchial wall, which is localized in goal at vnomu bronchi are classified as T1) , proximal edge of the tumor and loc shovuyetsya a 2 cm or more from Karina, the tumor invades vistseral well b the pleura, tumor, accompanied by atelectasis or obstructive pneu in monitoring that extends to the root of the lung, but not in traction etsya whole lung.

T3 - Tumor more than 7 cm, which goes directly to: chest wall, diaphragm, pleura pericardium astynalnu honey or proximal end and also padded and placed us at a distance of less than 2 cm from Karina, but without her involvement or tumor with concomitant atelectasis or obstructive pneumonia Only l f gene that pneumogastric, some tumor sites in the same proportion

T4 - Tumor of any size that directly goes to: Also at a wall, turning nerve, heart, great vessels, Karina, trachea, esophagus, vertebral body or separate tumor site (s) in another part c and.

Defeat of regional lymph nodes (N)

NH - insufficient data to assess lesion limfouzlov.

N0 - no evidence of metastatic lesions and Reg onarnyh limfouzlov.

N1 - is a metastatic lesion subsegmental, segmental, partial, me is partial, root lymph nodes.

N2 - is defeat lymph nodes with f redostinnya on the affected side and subk and rynalnyh.  

N3 - is defeat mediastinal lymph nodes or the root of the lung and depending on prot side, or is defeated preskalenyh or supraclavicular lymph nodes on the affected side or on the opposite side (Defeat other groups in lymph UZL and regarded as distant metastases (M1)).

Distant metastases (M)

MH - insufficient data to evaluate distant metastases.

M0 - no evidence of distant metastases. M1   -   distant metastases

Diagnosis of lung cancer

Methods of initial diagnosis (recommended for all patients):

1.           Complete clinical examination (p and zykalnyy inspection, palpation l and IFI UZL and, blood, etc.).

2.           X-ray study of thoracic cage and Ying.

3.           F and brobronhoskopiya.

4.           Transthoracic puncture the tumor.

5.           Clinical analysis of sputum.

Clarifying diagnostic methods (recommended for patients who have neo tern special treatment):

1.       Computed tomography of the chest.

2.       D D abdominal organs.

3.       Functional studies of lung and heart.

Additional special methods (if indicated):

1.       CT or MRI of the brain.

2.       Radiography of the bones of the skeleton.

3.       Osteostsyntyhrafiya.

4.       Medyastynoskopiya, thoracoscopy.

5.       Angiography.

6.       Radyonuklydna diagnosis.

METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS

1.        Palpation of the supraclavicular (N ₃₎ and axillary (M ₁₎ L and IFI UZL and. In the center and flax cancer and the development of atelectasis, as well as pleurisy - easing respiration Reference auscultation and dullness of sound with percussion.

2.        X-ray examination. For a lung cancer diagnosis stanovky neo derivatives would make at least 3 shots: straight (FAS), lateral (profile) and Sir f melon tomography (CT scan slice through the trachea). Must Lane reproduced at fluoroscopy, CT.

3.        F and brobronhoskopiya (FBS) to determine the local distribution pr o process (the most informative in the central cancer), and f is rzhaty morphological confirmation of diagnosis (cytology, biopsy).

Pok and Sanne to FBS:

-          hemoptysis, even unitary;

-          pneumonia with persistent radiographic changes as tyazhystosty in basal area;

-          the detection in sputum cells of malignant new patient in the product used (KZN) with negative results X-ray;

-          to clarify the degree of tumor spread to the lungs.

4.        Transthoracic puncture tumors in peripheral cancer is met at home selection and executed under the control of X-ray or CT scan.

5.        Sputum cytology is one of the most affordable treatments. Ability accurate diagnosis increases when using randomly otharkonnyh samples and study at least 3 - 5 samples.

6.        Computed tomography (CT) is an accepted method in determining a nite stage lung cancer and refers to imaging methods research and Jenny. This method has the advantage over X-ray method in the sense in s growing tumor in the chest wall and in seredosti n n i, and to identify metastases in lymph nodes with f redostinnya.

7.        Radyonukli bottom

8.        Possible routes of administration RFP: intravenous, inhalation.

Treatment of lung cancer

There are 3 methods of treatment and their combination - combined treatment:

Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy