Washington. D. S.

In the early days the government offices of the USA were located first in the one city, then in another. Finally, in 1790, Congress decided that a capital city should be build, and in 1800 government offices were moved into the young city. Now Washington D. C. is the city with beautiful buildings, fine monuments, and green parks.

Here are the centres of the government's three branches: the Capitol, begun in 1793; the White House, home to every president except George Washington; and the Supreme Court, completed in 1935.

Washington isn't a very large city. There is a law in Washington against building structures higher than the Capitol. So it presents a different appearance from New York with its sky-scrapes. The Capitol, where the Congress meets, is a very beautiful building with white marble columns.

When designed in 1790's, the streets were planned to reach out in all directions from the Capitol Building. The streets were given the names of states.

Not far from the Capitol there is the Library of Congress, one of the two largest libraries in the world.

The White House, the residence of the president, is the oldest public structure in the capital and one of the most beautiful.

Washington is a city of monuments and its most famous pay tribute to President Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln. There is also the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, which has become one of the popular city's monuments since 1982.

Washington is a city of museums as well. The National Gallery of Art is the most known of them.

Among Washington's other treasures are Ford's Theatre, where Lincoln was shot; and the Folgers Library, with the world's lection of Shakespearean.

Lots of tourists visit the capital of the USA all year round. There is too much to see in Washington for just a short stay, and many return again and again to revisit favorite places and discover new ones.

LONDON

London is the capital of Great Britain, it’s political, economic, and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its population is about 8 million.

London is one of the oldest and most interesting cities in the world.

Traditionally it is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the west and the East End.

The heart of London is the City, its financial and business center. Few people live here, dut over a million people come to the City to work. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City. Perhaps the most striking of them is St Paul’s Cathedral, the grates of English churches.

Westminster is the historic, the governmental part of London.

Westminster Abbey has more historic associations than any other building in Britain. Nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned here.

Across the road from Westminster Abbey is Westminster Palace, or the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British Parliament. The Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is famous for its big hour bell, known as”Big Ben”.

Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen.

The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. The best hotels, shops, restaurants, clubs, and theatres are situated there.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory of Admiral Nelson’s victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805.

On the north side of Trafalgar Square is the National Gallery and h\the National Portrait Gallery. Not far away is the British Museum-the biggest museum in London. It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc and is famous for its library.

The USA

The United States of America is the fourth largest country in the world (after Russia, Canada and China). It occupies the southern part of North and Hawaii in the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean. The total area of the country is about nine and a half million square kilometers. The USA borders on Canada in the north and Mexico in the south. It also has a sea-boarder with Russia.

The USA is made up of 50 states and the District of Columbian, a special federal area where the capital of country, Washington, is situated. The population of the country is about 250 million.

If we look at the map of the USA, we can see lowland and mountains. America’s largest rivers are the Mississippi, the Grande and the Columbia. The Great Liked on the border with Canada are the largest and deepest in the USA.

The climate of the country varies greatly. The coldest regions are in the north. The climate of the central part is continental. The south has a subtropical climate. The climate along the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast.

The USA is a highly developed industrial country. It is the world’s leading producer of copper and oil and the world’s second producer of iron ore and coal. Among g the most important manufacturing industries are aircraft, cars, textiles, radio, and television sets, furniture and paper.

The largest cities are: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, San-Francisco, Washington and others.

The United States is a federal union of 50 states, each of which has its own government. The seat of the central (federal) government is Washington, DC. according to the US Constitution the power of the government are divided into 3 drenches: the executive, headed by the President, the legislative, exercised by the Congress, and the judicial. The Congress consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.