ГРАММАТИКА ЭКЗАМЕН / 7 INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS
.docxTHE OBJECTIVE-WITH-THE-INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION (COMPLEX OBJECT)
The Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction is a construction in which the Infinitive is in predicate relation to a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the objective case. In the sentence this construction has the function of a Complex Object. In translating the Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction into Russian there is always used a subordinate clause.
She is a wonderful teacher and I've never seen her lose her temper or get angry about anything. - Она замечательная учительница, и я никогда не видела, чтобы она вышла из себя или рассердилась из-за чего-нибудь.
Complex Object is used:
a) after the verbs of sense perception hear, see watch, feel, observe, notice, etc.
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in the Active Voice without the particle to:
I haven’t heard anyone call me.
I felt the blood rush into my cheeks.
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and in the Passive Voice with the particle to:
She was heard to scream.
NOTE: When the verb see has the meaning of 'understand’ and the verb hear has the meaning of ‘learn, be told’ Complex Object is not used:
I saw that he didn’t realize the danger.
I hear that he left for the South.
b) after the verbs denoting:
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mental activity: |
know, think, consider, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, find, feel, trust |
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declaring: |
declare, pronounce, report |
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wish and intention: |
want, wish, desire, mean, intend, choose |
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feeling and emotion: |
like, dislike, love, hate, cannot bear |
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order and permission: |
order, allow, suffer, have |
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compulsion: |
make, cause, get, have |
THE SUBJECTIVE-WITH-THE-INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION (COMPLEX SUBJECT)
The Subjective-with-the-Infinitive Construction is a construction in which the Infinitive is in predicate relation to a noun in the common case or pronoun in the nominative case.
Complex Subject is used:
a) with the following verbs in the Passive Voice: see, hear, think, consider, know, expect, believe, suppose, make, say, report, allege, etc.:
He was seen to disappear in the distance.
The man was reported to have stolen the money.
The manuscript is believed to have been written in the 15th century.
b) with the word-groups: to be likely, to be sure, to be certain:
They are likely to be married in September.
He is sure (certain) to come.
c) with the verbs in the Active Voice: seem, appear, happen, prove, turn out:
The experiment proved to be a failure.
The For-to-Infinitive Construction
The For-To-Infinitive construction is a complex structure consisiting of the preposition for + Object + the Infinitive: That was for him to explain.