8 Open the brackets using the correct tense

1. He (design) websites for local companies? 2. He never (smoke) when he (use) his CD-ROM drive. 3. What problem you (have) with graphics yesterday? 4. When you (to join) the IBM? 5. There (be) many problems with hardware in the early days. 6. This type of scanners (come) into widespread office use in 1980. 7. What ROM (stand) for? 8. I think that biological computers (replace) electronic computers in the future. 9. Today computers (become) smaller and smaller. 10. How long you (set up) websites for a local travel agency? 11. I (be) with the company for three years. 12. At the moment she (work) on a program for universities. 13. This company (produce) scanners for ten years. 14. I’m afraid, I (not / see) this file yet. 15. Around 150 new computer viruses (appear) every month.

Part 5 - Тема 6 Принцип роботи сканерів та цифрових камер.

1 Прочитайте та вивчіть терміни (усно)

to scan – сканувати;

scanner – сканер;

bar code scanner – сканер для зчитування штрих-коду;

flatbed scanner – планшетний сканер;

slide scanner – слайд-сканер;

hand-held scanner – кишеньковий сканер;

virus scanner – програма пошуку вірусів;

a series of dots – ряд крапок;

to recognize the characters – розпізнавати символи;

image – зображення;

image scanner – програма сканування зображення;

scanning - пошук, перегляд, сканування;

scanner glass – скло сканера;

rotating lamps – лампи, що обертаються ;

OCR (optical character recognition) – оптичне розпізнавання символів;

resolution – роздільна здатність;

lighting and measurement devices – пристрої освітлення та вимірювання;

transparent image – прозоре зображення;

convenient – зручний;

display image – відображення / виведене зображення;

versatile – універсальний, різноплановий;

to convert – перетворювати;

a laser beam –лазерний промінь;

2 Перекладіть текст на українську мову. (письмово)

SCANNERS: THE EYES OF YOUR PC

Input devices such as scanners and cameras allow you to capture and copy images into a computer. A scanner is a peripheral that reads images and converts them into electronic codes which can be understood by a computer.

There are different types:

A flatbed is built like a photocopier and is for use on a desktop; it can capture text, colour images and even small 3D objects.

A film scanner is used to scan film negatives or 35 mm slides - pictures on photographic film, mounted in a frame.

A hand-held scanner is small and T-shaped, ideal to capture small pictures and logos.

A pen scanner looks like a pen; you can scan text, figures, barcodes and handwritten numbers.

Barcode scanners read barcodes on the products sold in shops and send the price to the computer in the cash register. Barcodes consist of a series of black and white stripes used to give products a unique identification number.

The resolution of a scanner is measured in dpi or dots per inch. For example, a 1,200 dpi scanner gives clearer, more detailed images than a 300 dpi scanner.

Most scanners come with Optical Character Recognition software. OCR allows you to scan pages of text and save them into your word processor; they can then be edited.

DIGITAL CAMERAS

A digital camera doesn't use film. Photos are stored as digital data (bits made up of Is and 0s), usually on a tiny storage device known as a flash memory card. You can connect the camera or memory card to a PC and then alter the images using a program like Adobe Photoshop, or you can view the images on a TV set. Many printers have a special socket so that you can print images directly from a memory card or camera.

DIGITAL VIDEO CAMERAS AND WEBCAMS

Webcams (short for Web cameras) let you send and receive live video pictures through the Internet. They're primarily used for video conferences - video calls - but they can be used to record photos and video onto your hard disk.

The resolution of webcams is expressed in megapixels (million pixels). Webcams connect to the PC via a USB (universal serial bus) or Fire Wire port; they display video at 24 to 30 frames (pictures) per second. Some include a headset with a microphone and earpiece.

3 Прочитайте та перекладіть діалог (усно). Заповніть пропуски відповідними словами із списку. (письмово) (три слова - зайві)

Active words: resolution, computer, versatile, device, to recognize, speed, OCR, a laser beam, software, desktop, T-shaped, photocopier, databases, word processor;

TECHNOLOGIES USED IN SCANNERS

Student: What sort of technology is used in scanners?

Vicky: Well, a scanner is a bit like a (1) … . You put the image you want to copy face down on the glass plate of the scanner, start the program, and (2) … reads the image in horizontal lines. This image is then sent to the computer where you can see it, changing it as you want.

Student: What about text? Can you scan text?

Vicky: Yes, you can, but you need special (3) … called OCR - optical character recognition. This interprets the text letter-by-letter and enables the computer (4) … the characters.

Student: Why do people need to scan text?

Vicky: Well, text that's been scanned can be stored as data in (5) …, or edited with a (6) ….

Student: Eh, what types of scanners are there?

Vicky: Well, there are three basic types: flatbed scanners, slide scanners and hand-held scanners. Flatbed scanners are built like a photocopier and are for use on a (7) … . They can scan text, colour pictures and even small three-dimensional objects. They are very convenient and (8) … . Slide scanners are used to scan 35 mm slides or film negatives. They work at very high (9) …, so they are more expensive than flatbeds. Hand-held scanners are small, compact and (10) … . The scanning head is not as wide as the one in a flatbed - they can only copy images up to about 4 inches wide. They are used for capturing small pictures and logos. They are very cheap, but their appeal has diminished because they are not very useful for (11) …, scanning in colour images can be a laborious process.

4 Заповніть пропуски відповідними словами. (письмово)

1. Scanners and cameras are i…… devices used to transfer images into a format that can be understood by computers. 2. A s…… lets you copy photos and printed documents into your PC. 3. It has become one of life's most familiar sounds – the beep of the supermarket till whenever a b…… is scanned. 4. If you need to scan 35mm s…… you should go for a dedicated 35mm film scanner which concentrates all its dots into a tiny area. 5. This scanner has a resolution of 300 x 600 d…… .

5 Прочитайте текст, заповніть пропуски словами із списку (письмово)

List of words: PC; better; scan; expensive; print; download (2); change; display; website; processing (2);

DIGITAL CAMERAS

Digital cameras don’t use film. You take pictures on to solid state memory. Then you (1) … them to a (2) … . You can (3) … and improve the pictures in your PC. Then you can (4) … them, add them to your (5) … , or (6) … them on the screen. Digital cameras are more (7) … than film cameras but the cost for each picture is lower because there is no (8) … . It’s also easy to (9) … the pictures. Film cameras are cheaper but each pictures costs a lot because there are (10) … costs. The quality of film camera pictures is much (11) … than digital cameras but you have to (12) … the pictures to transfer image to a PC.

6 Прочитайте та вивчіть правила (усно)

COMPOUND ADJECTIVES

Compound adjectives are made up of two words, normally with hyphens between them. The second part is often a past participle:

A menu-driven program lets you select a command from a menu.

A voice-activated product is activated by the user's voice.

Object-oriented programming is based on objects and their effects on each other, rather than on a series of instructions.

Other common patterns of compound adjectives include:

- noun + present participle: Space-saving PCs take up very little desktop space.

- noun + adjective: A hands-free device does not require the hands for operation.

A stand-alone computer or business can operate on its own.

7 Знайдіть Compound Adjectives, що відповідають визначенням (письмово)

1. the configuration of hardware and software; 2. a bar that allows you to select the portion of the document you want to see; 3. an area that holds the things you copy, ready to be pasted anywhere else; 4. a type of data transmission that provides fast Internet access; 5. a special file which redirects to another file or program; 6. a small card with an embedded microchip; 7. the amount of data that can be transmitted along a channel;