Ukraine

WORD LIST:

mining -гірнича промисловість

fertile - родючий, багатий

representative- представник

highway- велике шосе

pipe- line - трубопровід

banner- прапор, стяг

to ensure - страхувати, забезпечувати, гарантувати

anthem - державний гімн

trident - тризуб

benevolent - доброзичливий, зичливий, прихильний

gifted - обдарований, талановитий

outstanding - видатний

Ukraine is a rich farming, industrial and mining region in south-eastern Europe. It is an independent democratic state. Its population is about 52 million people. Representatives of 128 nations, nationalities and ethnic groups inhabit Ukraine. Ukraine is a member of the United Nations Organization (UNO) and takes an active part in various international activities.

The capital of Ukraine is Kiyiy.

Ukraine is larger than any country in western Europe. It borders with Belarus and Russia on the north and on the east. In the south it is bounded by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. In the west Ukraine is bounded by Moldova, Rumania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland.

The main territory of Ukraine is flat, but 5% of it make up mountains. There are the Crimean Mountains in the Crimean Peninsula and the Carpathians in the vest, but they are not very high.

The major rivers are the Dnieper, the Dnester, the Bug, the Donets and others.

The climate of Ukraine is mild and warm, with a long summer and a short winter.

Typical representatives of the Ukrainian fauna are hare, fox, squirrel, bear, wolf, and goat. Among the trees growing in the Ukrainian territory are birch, pine, oak, and fir-tree.

The country is rich in natural resources such as iron ore, coal, colour metals, oil, gas, mineral salts, clay and potential waterpower. It has developed a varied industry, concentrated mostly in and around big cities such as Kiyiv, Zaporozhye, Dnepropetrovsk, Dnyeprodzerzhinsk, Odessa, Kharkiv, Lviv, Nickolayev and others. It produces planes and ships, lorries and buses, motor ears and locomotives, computers and electronic equipment, precision instruments and agriculture machines, TV and radio seta, chemical and textiles and various consumer goods. Odessa, Sebastopol, Nickolayev, Kherson and Kerch are the country's main ports.

Railroads and highways, oil and gas pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines - all of which ensure close economic ties with Eastern and Western Europe, cross the territory of Ukraine.

The State language in Ukraine is Ukrainian. The state symbols of the country are the State Flag, the State Emblem and the State Anthem of Ukraine. The State flag is a blue and a yellow banner made of two equal horizontal stripes. The State Emblem is the trident. The State Anthem of Ukraine is the national anthem with the music of M. Verbitsky.

The fundamental law of the country is the Constitution, which was adopted on June 28, 1996.

Under the constitution the powers of Government are divided into three branches: the, legislative which consists of the Verkhovna Rada, the executive headed by the Presidents and the judicial, which is led by the Supreme Court.

The greatest value of Ukraine is its people who are benevolent, merry, hospitable, generous and gifted in many ways. These are the names of sore outstanding people of Ukraine. G.S.Skovoroda, a philosopher and an educationalist, T.G.Shevehenko, a poet and an artist, Ostrogradsky, a mathematician, Mechnilcov, a biologist, Kondratiyk, a space researcher, Paton, a scientists, Kurchatov, a physicist, Bulahovsky, a linguist, D.Gnatiyk, a singer and lots of others.

Ukraine is a developed cultural state. There is a wide network of] schools, universities, institutes and academies all over it. Thousands of students not only from Ukraine but also from abroad study there.

TASK 2: Suggest Ukrainian equivalents:

industrial and mining region, independent democratic state, nationalities and ethnic groups

to border with, to be bounded by, mild climate, natural resources, high-voltage transmission lines, close economic ties, fundamental law, legislative, executive and judicial branches

TASK 3: Say whether the following statements are true or false:

1. Ukraine is an independent democratic state.

2. Ukraine isn’t a member of the United Nations Organization (UNO).

3. The main territory of Ukraine is mountainous and the mountains are high.

4. The climate of Ukraine is mild and warm, with a long summer and a short winter.

5. The country isn’t rich in natural resources.

6. Ukraine doesn’t have close economic ties with Eastern and Western Europe.

7. The State language in Ukraine is Ukrainian.

8. The fundamental law of the country is the Constitution which was adopted on June 26, 1998.

9. Under the constitution the powers of Government are divided into two main branches: legislative and judicial.

10. There is a narrow network of educational establishments in Ukraine.

TASK 4: Choose the correct variant and fill in the gaps:

1.Ukraine is an _________democratic state.

a) dependent b) independent c) free d) bounded

2. Ukraine________ an active part in various international activities.

a) makes b) does c) takes d) involves

Ukraine________ with Belarus and Russia on the north and on the east.

a) borders b) unites c) joins d) bounded

The main territory of Ukraine is __________

a) valleys b) plains c) flat d) smooth

The state ___________of the country are the State Flag, the State Emblem and the State Anthem of Ukraine.

a) signs b) notices c) symbols d) symvols

The State Emblem is the ____________.

a) star b) triangular c) arms coat d) trident

7. The__________ branch of Ukraine is headed by the President.

a) executive b) legislative c) administrative d) judicial

8.The judicial branch of Ukraine is led by the ________Court.

High b) Super c) Higher d) Supreme

9.The _________branch consists of the Verhovna Rada.

a) executive b) legislative c) administrative d) judicial

10. The Ukrainians are considered to be ____________ people.

a) greedy b) rude c) hospitable d) unfrank

TASK 5: Translate into English:

1. Територію України населяють представники 128 націй, національностей та етнічних груп.

2. На півдні Україна омивається Чорним та Азовськими морями.

3. Державний герб (емблема) України – тризубець

4. Наша країна багата на природні ресурси.

5. Державна мова України- українська.

TASK 6: Read and translate with the dictionary additional texts and answer the questions: