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ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

ɉɪɨɞɨɜɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɛɥ. 10.4

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ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 10. ȼɂȾɂ ɌȺ ɋɉɈɋɈȻɂ ɁȾȱɃɋɇȿɇɇə …

ɉɪɨɞɨɜɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɛɥ. 10.4

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ɉɪɨɞɨɜɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɛɥ. 10.4

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ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 10. ȼɂȾɂ ɌȺ ɋɉɈɋɈȻɂ ɁȾȱɃɋɇȿɇɇə …

ɉɪɨɞɨɜɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɛɥ. 10.4

ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɿɡ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɟɩɪɹɦɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɿɜ, ɡɚ ɹɤɢɦ, ɹɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɜɿɞɦɨɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɭɡɝɨɞɢɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɟ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ, ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɡ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦ ɧɟɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ, ɨɪɝɚɧ ɞɟɪɠɚɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɢɣ ɡɜɟɪɧɭɬɢɫɹ ɞɨ ɫɭɞɭ ɡ ɩɨɡɨɜɨɦ ɩɪɨ ɜɢɡɧɚɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ. ɉɪɢ ɰɶɨɦɭ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɨɤ ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɳɨ ɬɚɤɟ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɛɭɥɨ ɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɟ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɦ ɱɢɧɨɦ, ɩɨɤɥɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ. ɇɚ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɿɡ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɧɟɩɪɹɦɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɿɜ, ɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɦɭ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɲɬɪɚɮɧɢɯ ɫɚɧɤɰɿɣ ɜɢɩɢɫɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɨɤɪɟɦɟ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɟ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹ-ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ.

Ɏɚɤɬɢ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɶ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɫɚɞɨɜɚ ɨɫɨɛɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɽ ɚɤɬɨɦ ɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɤɢ, ɜ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɱɿɬɤɨ ɜɢɤɥɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɦɿɫɬ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɡ ɨɛʉɪɭɧɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɱɢɯ ɚɤɬɿɜ ɬɚ ɜɤɚɡɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɿ ʀɯɧɿ ɩɭɧɤɬɢ ɣ ɫɬɚɬɬɿ. Ɍɚɤɢɣ ɚɤɬ ɩɿɞɩɢɫɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɫɚɞɨɜɢɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɬɚ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɚ.

ɉɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɟ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹ-ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɡɚ ɧɚɫɥɿɞɤɚɦɢ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɭ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿɜ ɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɤɢ ɩɪɢɣɦɚɽ ɤɟɪɿɜɧɢɤ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɚɛɨ ɣɨɝɨ ɡɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɤ ɡɚ ɮɨɪɦɨɸ ɬɚ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɡ ɜɢɦɨɝɚɦɢ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɦɢ ɉɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɶ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ [80]. ȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɩɨɜɧɨɬɭ ɣ ɫɜɨɽɱɚɫɧɿɫɬɶ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɞɨɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɿɧɲɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ, ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɫɭɦ

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ɲɬɪɚɮɧɢɯ (ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɢɯ) ɫɚɧɤɰɿɣ ɧɟɫɭɬɶ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ. əɤɳɨ ɚɤɬɨɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɲɬɪɚɮɧɿ (ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɿ) ɫɚɧɤɰɿʀ ɿ ɧɟ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɢɯ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɿɜ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɿ, ɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɩɨɧɭɜɚɬɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɜɿ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɢɬɢ ɫɩɥɚɬɭ ɭ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɢ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɿ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ. ɉɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɦɚɽ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɨɫɤɚɪɠɢɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɟ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹ — ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɭ ɫɭɞɨɜɨɦɭ ɚɛɨ ɚɞɦɿɧɿɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɨɞɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞ ɫɤɚɪɝ ɧɚ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɜ Ⱦɉɋ ɩɪɨ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɲɬɪɚɮɧɢɯ ɫɚɧɤɰɿɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɭ ɞɨɞ. ɇ.

ɉɟɧɹ ɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɞɨ ɦɿɠɝɚɥɭɡɟɜɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɣ, ɳɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɦɟɬɨɸ ɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɧɨɫɢɧ, ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɨɸ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɸ ɹɤɢɯ ɽ ɦɚɣɧɨɜɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ. ɍ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɜɿɞɧɨɫɢɧɚɯ, ɜɪɟɝɭɥɶɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɰɢɜɿɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ, ɩɟɧɹ ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɭ ɡɜ’ɹɡɤɭ ɡ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɛɨɪɠɧɢɤɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɭ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ. ɍ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɿ ɩɨɹɜɚ ɩɟɧɿ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɿɪɧɢɦ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɢ ɜɿɞ ɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɤɥɚɞɟɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɨɝɨ, ɳɨ ɡɭɦɨɜɢɥɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɹ ɭ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɜɿɞɧɨɫɢɧ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɡɚɫɚɞ, ɹɤɿ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɸɬɶ «ɰɿɧɧɿɫɧɢɣ ɡɦɿɫɬ» ɝɪɨɲɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ.

ȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɩ. 1.4 ɫɬ. 1 Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ «ɉɪɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɦɢ ɬɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɦɢ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɦɢ ɮɨɧɞɚɦɢ» ɩɟɧɹ ɽ ɩɥɚɬɨɸ ɭ ɜɢɝɥɹɞɿ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɿɜ, ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɧɚ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ (ɛɟɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ), ɳɨ ɫɩɪɚɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɡɜ’ɹɡɤɭ ɡ ɧɟɫɜɨɽɱɚɫɧɢɦ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ.

ɍ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɿ ɩɟɧɹ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɽ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɸɸɱɭ ɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɿɣɧɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɿʀ. ɋɬɢɦɭɥɸɸɱɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɹ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɩɨɤɥɚɞɚɧɧɹ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɦɚɣɧɨɜɢɯ ɨɛɬɹɠɟɧɶ ɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɧɢɦ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɭ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɭ. Ʉɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɿɣɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɹ ɩɟɧɿ ɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɸ ɜɿɞɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɢɯ ɦɚɣɧɨɜɢɯ ɿɧɬɟɪɟɫɿɜ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɢ ɬɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɜ ɦɿɫɰɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɜɪɹɞɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɭ ɡɜ’ɹɡɤɭ ɡ ɧɟɫɜɨɽɱɚɫɧɢɦ ɧɚɞɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɦ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɢɯ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɞɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɿɜ ɬɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɯ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɯ ɮɨɧɞɿɜ. Ɉɫɨɛɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɿɣɧɨʀ ɮɭɧɤɰɿʀ ɩɟɧɿ ɹɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨʀ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿʀ ɩɨɥɹɝɚɽ ɜ ɬɨɦɭ, ɳɨ ɜɨɧɚ ɽ ɞɠɟɪɟɥɨɦ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɧɚɞɯɨɞɠɟɧɶ ɩɭɛɥɿɱɧɢɯ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɢɯ ɮɨɧɞɿɜ. ɋɚɦɟ ɬɨɦɭ ɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɜɿɞɧɨɫɢɧɚɯ ɩɟɧɹ ɦɚɽ ɞɜɨɽɞɢɧɭ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɭ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ: ɩɨ-ɩɟɪɲɟ, ɜɨɧɚ ɽ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɧɹ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɭ ɡɿ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɿ ɡɛɨɪɿɜ, ɚ ɩɨ-ɞɪɭɝɟ, ɽ ɫɚɧɤɰɿɽɸ ɡɚ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɭ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɿ ɡɛɨɪɿɜ.

185

ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 10. ȼɂȾɂ ɌȺ ɋɉɈɋɈȻɂ ɁȾȱɃɋɇȿɇɇə …

ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɟɧɿ ɪɟɝɭɥɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɫɬɚɬɬɟɸ 129 ɉɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɬɚ ɫɬɚɬɬɟɸ 16 Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ «ɉɪɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɦɢ ɬɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɦɢ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɦɢ ɮɨɧɞɚɦɢ».

ɉɟɧɹ ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɯ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɿɜ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ. ɇɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ ɪɨɡɩɨɱɢɧɚɽɬɶɫɹ [39, ɫɬ. 129 ɩ. 1]:

ɚ) ɩɪɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨɦɭ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ — ɜɿɞ ɩɟɪɲɨɝɨ ɪɨɛɨɱɨɝɨ ɞɧɹ, ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɦ ɞɧɟɦ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ;

ɛ) ɩɪɢ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ — ɜɿɞ ɩɟɪɲɨɝɨ ɪɨɛɨɱɨɝɨ ɞɧɹ, ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɦ ɞɧɟɦ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɿ (ɡɚ ɜɢɧɹɬɤɨɦ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɿɜ, ɤɨɥɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɢ ɪɨɡɩɨɱɢɧɚɽ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɭ ɚɩɟɥɹɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ);

ɜ) ɩɪɢ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ (ɹɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɢ ɪɨɡɩɨɱɢɧɚɽ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɭ ɚɩɟɥɹɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ) — ɜɿɞ ɩɟɪɲɨɝɨ ɪɨɛɨɱɨɝɨ ɞɧɹ, ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɦ ɞɧɟɦ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹ- ɡɚɧɧɹ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɚɩɟɥɹɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ.

əɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɞɨ ɩɨɱɚɬɤɭ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɤɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨ ɜɢɹɜɥɹɽ ɮɚɤɬ ɡɚɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɩɨɝɚɲɚɽ ɣɨɝɨ, ɩɟɧɹ ɧɟ ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ. ɐɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ, ɹɤɳɨ: ɚ) ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɚɽ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɭ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɿɸ ɡɚ ɩɟɪɿɨɞ, ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɛɭɥɨɫɹ ɬɚɤɟ ɡɚɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ; ɛ) ɫɭɞɨɦ ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɜɱɢɧɟɧɧɹ ɡɥɨɱɢɧɭ ɩɨɫɚɞɨɜɢɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨɸ ɨɫɨɛɨɸ — ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɳɨɞɨ ɭɦɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɭɯɢɥɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ.

ɇɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɭɽɬɶɫɹ: 1) ɭ ɞɟɧɶ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɛɚɧɤɨɦ (ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɡɧɚɱɟɣɫɬɜɚ), ɹɤɢɣ ɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɽ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɩɥɚɬɿɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɨ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ. ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ ɡɭɩɢɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɭ ɫɩɥɚɱɟɧɭ ɱɚɫɬɤɭ.

2) ɭ ɞɟɧɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɜɡɚɽɦɨɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɿɜ ɧɟɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɢɯ ɡɭɫɬɪɿɱɧɢɯ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ;

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ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

3)ɭ ɞɟɧɶ ɡɚɩɪɨɜɚɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɦɨɪɚɬɨɪɿɸ ɧɚ ɡɚɞɨɜɨɥɟɧɧɹ ɜɢɦɨɝ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɪɿɜ (ɩɪɢ ɜɢɧɟɫɟɧɧɿ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨʀ ɭɯɜɚɥɢ ɫɭɞɭ ɭ ɫɩɪɚɜɿ ɩɪɨ ɛɚɧɤɪɭɬɫɬɜɨ ɚɛɨ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɿ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɝɨ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɇɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɦ ɛɚɧɤɨɦ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ);

4)ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɿ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɳɨɞɨ ɫɤɚɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɫɩɢɫɚɧɧɹ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ (ɣɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ). ɉɪɢ ɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɿ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɫɭɦɚ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɱɚɫɬɤɢ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɩɟɧɿ, ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɨʀ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɭ ɱɚɫɬɤɭ. ɉɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ, ɳɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨ, ɫɩɥɚɱɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɪɚɡɨɦ ɡɿ ɫɩɥɚɬɨɸ ɩɟɧɿ, ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɨʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɱɚɫɬɤɢ, ɽɞɢɧɢɦ ɩɥɚɬɿɠɧɢɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ, ɜ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɫɭɦɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɬɚ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɩɟɧɿ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɨɤɪɟɦɨ.

ɉɟɧɹ ɧɟ ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ: ɚ) ɧɚ ɩɟɧɸ;

ɛ) ɧɚ ɲɬɪɚɮɢ, ɳɨ ɧɚɤɥɚɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɚɞɦɿɧɿɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɿ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ;

ɜ) ɧɚ ɧɟɫɜɨɽɱɚɫɧɨ ɚɛɨ ɧɟɩɨɜɧɿɫɬɸ ɡɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɿ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɞɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɿɜ ɬɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɯ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɯ ɮɨɧɞɿɜ, ɹɤɳɨ ɰɟ ɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɛɚɧɤɨɦ ɫɬɪɨɤɿɜ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡɛɨɪɿɜ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ) ɞɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɯ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɯ ɮɨɧɞɿɜ, ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɯ Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ «ɉɪɨ ɩɥɚɬɿɠɧɿ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɢ ɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɚɡ ɝɪɨɲɟɣ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ» [28].

ɉɟɧɹ ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ (ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɱɢ ɫɭɦɭ ɲɬɪɚɮɧɢɯ ɫɚɧɤɰɿɣ ɡɚ ʀɯ ɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ) ɡ ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɭ 120 ɜɿɞɫɨɬɤɿɜ ɪɿɱɧɢɯ ɨɛɥɿɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɇɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɧɤɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, ɳɨ ɞɿɽ ɧɚ ɞɟɧɶ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɚɛɨ ɧɚ ɞɟɧɶ ɣɨɝɨ (ɣɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ) ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ, ɩɪɢ ɰɶɨɦɭ ɞɥɹ ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɭ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɛɿɥɶɲɚ ɿɡ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɫɬɚɜɨɤ ɡɚ ɤɨɠɧɢɣ ɤɚɥɟɧɞɚɪɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɡɚɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ.

Ɂɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɪɨɡɦɿɪ ɩɟɧɿ ɞɿɽ ɳɨɞɨ ɜɫɿɯ ɜɢɞɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɿ ɡɛɨɪɿɜ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ), ɤɪɿɦ ɩɟɧɿ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɫɬɪɨɤɿɜ ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɿɜ ɭ ɫɮɟɪɿ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɶɨɟɤɨɧɨɦɿɱɧɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ, ɳɨ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɨɤɪɟɦɢɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɨɦ.

ɋɬɪɨɤ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ ɡɭɩɢɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ, ɹɤɳɨ ɤɟɪɿɜɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ (ɣɨɝɨ ɡɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɤ) ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɢ ɚɞɦɿɧɿɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɤɚɪɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɢɣɦɚɽ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɜɠɟɧɧɹ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɯ ɫɬɪɨɤɿɜ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɭ ɫɤɚɪɝɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ. Ⱦɥɹ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɫɬɪɨɤɿɜ ɧɟ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɚɞɦɿɧɿɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɤɚɪɠɟɧɧɹ.

ɇɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɿ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɟɧɿ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨ ɫɩɥɚɱɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ.

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ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 10. ȼɂȾɂ ɌȺ ɋɉɈɋɈȻɂ ɁȾȱɃɋɇȿɇɇə …

ɉɪɢ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɿ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ (ɣɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ) ɤɨɲɬɢ, ɳɨ ɫɩɥɚɱɭɽ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɭ ɩɟɪɲɭ ɱɟɪɝɭ ɡɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ. ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɩɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɤɨɲɬɢ, ɳɨ ɫɩɥɚɱɭɽ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɜ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɭ ɱɟɪɝɭ ɡɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɭ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɲɬɪɚɮɿɜ, ɜ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɸ ɱɟɪɝɭ ɡɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɩɟɧɿ [39, ɫɬ. 131 ɩ. 2]. əɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɟ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɽ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨʀ ɰɢɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɦ ɱɟɪɝɨɜɨɫɬɿ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɧɟ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽ ʀʀ ɭ ɩɥɚɬɿɠɧɨɦɭ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɿ (ɱɢ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽ ɡ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ), ɨɪɝɚɧ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɫɭɦɢ ɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɦɭ ɰɢɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɦ.

ɋɭɦɢ ɩɟɧɿ ɡɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɯ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɯ ɮɨɧɞɿɜ, ɞɨ ɹɤɢɯ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɿɡ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɡɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɿ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɢ.

ɍɪɚɡɿ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɭɦɨɜ ɦɢɬɧɢɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɿɜ, ɩɪɢ ɪɨɡɦɿɳɟɧɧɿ ɜ ɹɤɿ ɧɚɞɚɧɨ ɭɦɨɜɧɟ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞ ɨɩɨɞɚɬɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɭɦɨɜ ɳɨɞɨ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɿɜ, ɩɪɢ ɜɜɟɡɟɧɧɿ ɹɤɢɯ ɧɚɞɚɧɨ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞ ɨɩɨɞɚɬɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ, ɨɫɨɛɚ, ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɚ ɡɚ ɞɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɦɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɭ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɨɫɨɛɚ, ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɚ ɡɚ ɞɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɭɦɨɜ, ɡɚ ɹɤɢɯ ɧɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞ ɨɩɨɞɚɬɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ (ɳɨɞɨ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɿɜ), ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɿ ɫɩɥɚɬɢɬɢ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ, ɧɚ ɹɤɭ ɛɭɥɨ ɧɚɞɚɧɨ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ (ɭɦɨɜɧɟ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ), ɬɚ ɩɟɧɸ, ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɭ ɧɚ ɫɭɦɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɡɚ ɩɟɪɿɨɞ ɡ ɞɧɹ ɧɚɞɚɧɧɹ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ (ɭɦɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ) ɜɿɞ ɨɩɨɞɚɬɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɞɧɹ ɨɩɥɚɬɢ.

ɍɪɚɡɿ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɿɣ ɳɨɞɨ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɭ ɩɟɧɹ ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɨɤ, ɳɨ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɽ 3 ɦɿɫɹɰɿ ɡ ɞɧɹ, ɳɨ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɽ ɡɚ ɞɧɟɦ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ, ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɢɯ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɽɸ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɰɿɥɟɣ ɨɛɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ ɫɬɪɨɤɨɦ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɦɢɬɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ ɜɜɚɠɚɽɬɶɫɹ [39, ɫɬ. 132, ɩ. 2]:

ɚ) ɩɪɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɿ ɬɨɜɚɪɿɜ ɜ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɰɿɥɹɯ, ɧɿɠ ɬɿ, ɭ ɡɜ’ɹɡɤɭ ɡ ɹɤɢɦɢ ɛɭɥɨ ɧɚɞɚɧɨ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ (ɭɦɨɜɧɟ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ) ɜɿɞ ɨɩɨɞɚɬɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɢɬɧɢɦɢ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɚɦɢ, — ɩɟɪɲɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ, ɤɨɥɢ ɨɫɨɛɨɸ ɛɭɥɨ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɨ ɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɧɹ ɳɨɞɨ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɪɨɡɩɨɪɹɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚɦɢ. əɤɳɨ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢ ɧɟɦɨɠɥɢɜɨ, ɫɬɪɨɤɨɦ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɦɢɬɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ ɭɜɚɠɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɧɶ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɦɢɬɧɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɦɢɬɧɨʀ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɿʀ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɿ ɬɨɜɚɪɢ;

ɛ) ɩɪɢ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɿ ɜɢɦɨɝ ɿ ɭɦɨɜ ɦɢɬɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ, ɳɨ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ ɬɹɝɧɟ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɸ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɨɤ ɳɨɞɨ

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ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɦɢɬɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ — ɞɟɧɶ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ.

əɤɳɨ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢ ɧɟɦɨɠɥɢɜɨ — ɫɬɪɨɤɨɦ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɦɢɬɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ ɭɜɚɠɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɧɶ ɩɨɱɚɬɤɭ ɞɿʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨʀ ɦɢɬɧɨʀ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɢ;

ɜ) ɜ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɚɯ — ɞɟɧɶ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɭ ɳɨɞɨ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɦɢɬɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ.

Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɿ ɡɚɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ

10.1.ɇɚɡɜɿɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɜɢɞɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɶ.

10.2.Ɇɿɪɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚ ɚɞɦɿɧɿɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɿ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ?

10.3.ɇɚɡɜɿɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɢ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɶ ɭ ɫɮɟɪɿ ɨɩɨɞɚɬɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ?

10.4.ɓɨ ɬɚɤɟ ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɧɿ ɿ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɩɨɦɢɥɤɢ?

10.5.əɤɢɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɢɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɦɢɥɨɤ, ɞɨɩɭɳɟɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɭ ɜ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɿʀ?

10.6.əɤɢɣ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɪɨɡɦɿɪ ɩɟɧɿ ɡɚ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ?

10.7.Ɂ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɞɧɹ ɩɨɱɢɧɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɧɿ?

10.8.əɤɢɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɩɟɧɿ ɭ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɭ ɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ?

10.9.əɤɢɣ ɲɬɪɚɮ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɿ ɤɨɥɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɭɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɤɢ ɜɢɹɜɥɹɽ ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɧɿ ɚɛɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɩɨɦɢɥɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɞɚɧɿɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿɣ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɿʀ, ɹɤɿ ɩɪɢɡɜɟɥɢ ɞɨ ɡɚɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ?

10.10.əɤɢɣ ɲɬɪɚɮ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɿ, ɤɨɥɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɟ ɫɩɥɚɱɭɽ (ɧɟ ɩɨɝɚɲɚɽ) ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɭ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɢɯ ɫɬɪɨɤɿɜ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɨɦ?

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