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ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

6.3.ɑɢɦ ɜɿɞɪɿɡɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɲɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɚ ɜɢɦɨɝɚ ɜɿɞ ɞɪɭɝɨʀ ɣ ɭ ɹɤɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɢ ɜɨɧɢ ɜɢɩɢɫɭɸɬɶɫɹ?

6.4.Ʉɨɥɢ ɜɜɚɠɚɽɬɶɫɹ, ɳɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɭ ɜɢɦɨɝɭ ɧɚɞɿɫɥɚɧɨ (ɜɪɭɱɟɧɨ) ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ?

6.5.ɓɨ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦɢ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹɦɢ, ɹɤɳɨ ɡɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɨɫɤɚɪɠɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɟ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨ ɫɤɚɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ?

6.6.ɓɨ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦɢ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹɦɢ, ɹɤɳɨ ɡɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɨɫɤɚɪɠɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɟ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɧɟ ɡɦɿɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ?

6.7.ɓɨ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦɢ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹɦɢ, ɹɤɳɨ ɡɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɨɫɤɚɪɠɟɧɧɹ ɞɨɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɿ ɡɚ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɡɛɿɥɶɲɭɸɬɶɫɹ?

6.8.ɍ ɹɤɢɣ ɬɟɪɦɿɧ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɛɭɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɧɚ ɫɤɚɪɝɚ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ, ɹɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɭ ɧɟ ɡɝɨɞɧɢɣ ɿɡ ɫɭɦɨɸ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɸ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ?

6.9.əɤɿ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɿ ɪɟɤɜɿɡɢɬɢ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɦɚɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɚ ɜɢɦɨɝɚ, ɳɨ ɧɚɞɫɢɥɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ?

6.10.ɇɚɡɜɿɬɶ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɢ, ɡɚ ɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɹɤɢɯ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɜɿɞɤɥɢɤɚɧɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɚ ɜɢɦɨɝɚ, ɧɚɞɿɫɥɚɧɚ ɩɪɚɰɿɜɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ.

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ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 7

ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɂɃ ȻɈɊȽ. ɋɉɂɋȺɇɇə ȻȿɁɇȺȾȱɃɇɈȽɈ ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɈȽɈ ȻɈɊȽɍ

Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ, ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɫɩɢɫɚɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɪɨɡɫɬɪɨɱɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɛɟɡɧɚɞɿɣɧɢɣ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ, ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɛɟɡɧɚɞɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɫɩɢɫɚɧɧɹ ɛɟɡɧɚɞɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɮɨɪɫ-ɦɚɠɨɪɧɿ ɨɛɫɬɚɜɢɧɢ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɛɨɪɝɭ.

7.1. ɉɈɇəɌɌə «ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɂɃ ȻɈɊȽ». ȾɀȿɊȿɅȺ ɉɈȽȺɒȿɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɈȽɈ ȻɈɊȽɍ. ɋɉɂɋȺɇɇə ȱ ɊɈɁɋɌɊɈɑȿɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɈȽɈ ȻɈɊȽɍ

ɋɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɭ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɭ ɧɟɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɜɢɦɨɝɢ ɜ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɿɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ. ȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ʋ2181 [22, ɫɬ. 1] ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɬɢ ɹɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɟ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ (ɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɲɬɪɚɮɧɢɯ ɫɚɧɤɰɿɣ ɡɚ ʀɯ ɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ), ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɟ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɟ ɫɭɞɨɦ (ɚɪɛɿɬɪɚɠɧɢɦ ɫɭɞɨɦ), ɚɥɟ ɧɟ ɫɩɥɚɱɟɧɟ ɭ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɬɪɨɤ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɩɟɧɹ, ɧɚɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɦɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ.

ɇɚ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɭ ɜɿɞ ɫɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ, ɹɤɢɣ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɛɚɝɚɬɶɨɯ ɤɪɚʀɧɚɯ, ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɦɚɣɧɚ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɚɞɦɿɧɿɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ.

Ⱦɠɟɪɟɥɚɦɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨʀ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɡɚ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɽ ɛɭɞɶ-ɹɤɿ ɚɤɬɢɜɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ (ɣɨɝɨ ɮɿɥɿɣ, ɜɿɞɞɿɥɟɧɶ, ɿɧɲɢɯ ɜɿɞɨɤɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɯ ɩɿɞɪɨɡɞɿɥɿɜ), ɡɚ ɜɢɧɹɬɤɨɦ [39, ɫɬ. 87]:

1) ɦɚɣɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɧɚɞɚɧɨɝɨ ɧɢɦ ɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɭ ɿɧɲɢɦ ɨɫɨɛɚɦ, ɹɤɳɨ ɬɚɤɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɚ ɛɭɥɚ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɦ ɱɢɧɨɦ ɡɚɪɟɽɫɬɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɭ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɯ ɪɟɽɫɬɪɚɯ ɡɚɫɬɚɜ ɞɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɭ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɢ;

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ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 7. ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɂɃ ȻɈɊȽ. ɋɉɂɋȺɇɇə …

2)ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ, ɹɤɿ ɧɚɥɟɠɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɚɯ ɜɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɿ ɿɧɲɢɦ ɨɫɨɛɚɦ, ɞɨ ɹɤɢɯ, ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ, ɜɿɞɧɨɫɹɬɶ:

ɚ) ɦɚɣɧɨ, ɩɟɪɟɞɚɧɟ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɥɿɡɢɧɝ (ɨɪɟɧɞɭ), ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɧɧɹ (ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɟ ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɧɧɹ), ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɥɨɦɛɚɪɞɧɟ ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɧɧɹ, ɧɚ ɤɨɦɿɫɿɸ (ɤɨɧɫɢɝɧɚɰɿɸ); ɞɚɜɚɥɶɧɢɰɶɤɭ ɫɢɪɨɜɢɧɭ, ɧɚɞɚɧɭ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɭ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɪɨɛɤɢ, ɤɪɿɦ ɣɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ, ɳɨ ɧɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɹɤ ɨɩɥɚɬɚ ɡɚ ɬɚɤɿ ɩɨɫɥɭɝɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɚɤɬɢɜɢ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɨɫɿɛ, ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɿ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɭ, ɞɨɜɿɪɱɟ ɬɚ ɛɭɞɶ-ɹɤɿ ɿɧɲɿ ɜɢɞɢ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɿɧɧɹ;

ɛ) ɦɚɣɧɨɜɿ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɨɫɿɛ, ɧɚɞɚɧɿ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɬɢɦɱɚɫɨɜɟ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɪɨɡɩɨɪɹɞɠɟɧɧɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɧɟɦɚɣɧɨɜɿ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɨɫɿɛ, ɭ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɢɫɥɿ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨʀ (ɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨʀ) ɜɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɿ, ɩɟɪɟɞɚɧɿ ɜ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɚɜɚ ʀɯ ɜɿɞɱɭɠɟɧɧɹ;

ɜ) ɤɨɲɬɢ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɨɫɿɛ, ɧɚɞɚɧɿ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɞɨɜɿɪɱɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɿɧɧɹ;

ɝ) ɤɨɲɬɢ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɡɢɱɨɤ, ɧɚɞɚɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɧɨ-ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɸ, ɹɤɿ ɜɪɚɯɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɧɢɯ ɪɚɯɭɧɤɚɯ, ɜɿɞɤɪɢɬɢɯ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɫɭɦɢ ɚɤɪɟɞɢɬɢɜɿɜ, ɜɢɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɯ ɧɚ ɿɦ’ɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɚɥɟ ɧɟ ɜɿɞɤɪɢɬɢɯ, ɞɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɤɪɢɬɬɹ;

3)ɦɚɣɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɧɟ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɽ ɜɿɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɭ,

ɭɬɨɦɭ ɱɢɫɥɿ:

ɚ) ɦɚɣɧɚ, ɳɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɭ ɰɿɥɿɫɧɢɯ ɦɚɣɧɨɜɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɿɜ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɯ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜ, ɹɤɿ ɧɟ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɸɬɶ ɩɪɢɜɚɬɢɡɚɰɿʀ; ɛ) ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ, ɜɿɥɶɧɢɣ ɨɛɿɝ ɹɤɢɯ ɡɚɛɨɪɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɚɛɨ ɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɢɣ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ (ɡɛɪɨɹ, ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɤɢ ɣ ɬ. ɩ.). ɍ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɭ, ɤɨɥɢ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɧɢɰɶɤɚ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɿɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɦɢ, ɹɤɿ ɩɪɨɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ, ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɽ ɥɿɰɟɧɡɭɜɚɧɧɸ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɩɨɤɭɩɰɹɦɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ

ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɛɭɬɢ ɥɢɲɟ ɨɫɨɛɢ, ɹɤɿ ɨɞɟɪɠɚɥɢ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɭ ɥɿɰɟɧɡɿɸ; 4) ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɨɫɿɛ, ɧɚɞɚɧɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɜɿ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɭ ɜɢɝɥɹɞɿ

ɜɧɟɫɤɭ (ɞɟɩɨɡɢɬɭ) ɭ ɫɭɦɿ, ɳɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɽ ɫɭɦɭ ɜɥɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɥɭ ɛɚɧɤɭ, ɧɟɛɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɨʀ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢ.

ɋɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɝɨɬɿɜɤɢ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ, ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɸ ɄɆɍ «ɉɪɨ ɡɚɬɜɟɪɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɉɨɪɹɞɤɭ ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɬɚ ɩɪɨɞɚɠ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɹɤɿ ɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɸɬɶ ɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿɣ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɿ» [94], ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɬɿɜɤɚ, ɜɢɹɜɥɟɧɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɭ ɤɚɫɿ, ɭ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɢɫɥɿ ɹɳɢɤɭ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬ- ɪɨɥɶɧɨ-ɤɚɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɩɚɪɚɬɭ, ɬɚ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɦɿɫɰɹɯ ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɧɧɹ, ɡɚ ɡɝɨɞɨɸ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨ-

114

ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

ɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ. Ɂɝɨɞɚ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɜɢɪɚɠɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦɭ, ɳɨ ɜɿɧ ɩɿɞɩɢɫɭɽ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɣ ɚɤɬ. əɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɜɿɞɦɨɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɿɞ ɧɚɞɚɧɧɹ ɝɨɬɿɜɤɢ, ɬɨ ɜɿɧ ɧɟ ɩɿɞɩɢɫɭɽ ɰɟɣ ɚɤɬ, ɿ ɬɨɞɿ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿ ɨɪɝɚɧɢ ɧɟ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜɢɥɭɱɚɬɢ ɣɨɝɨ ɝɨɬɿɜɤɭ.

ȱɧɲɿ ɚɤɬɢɜɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɸɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɭ ɧɚ ɛɿɪɠɨɜɢɯ ɬɨɪɝɚɯ, ɧɚ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɯ ɛɿɪɠɨɜɢɯ ɿ ɩɨɡɚɛɿɪɠɨɜɢɯ ɚɭɤɰɿɨɧɚɯ ɧɚ ɤɨɦɿɫɿɣɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɪɨɡɞɪɿɛɧɨʀ ɬɨɪɝɿɜɥɿ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɩɪɢɜɚɬɢɡɚɰɿʀ.

ɉɨɫɚɞɨɜɿ ɨɫɨɛɢ, ɭ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɢɫɥɿ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɿ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɜɰɿ, ɹɤɿ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɥɢ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɜɢɳɟɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɣɧɚ (ɩ. 1-4), ɹɤ ɞɠɟɪɟɥɚ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɟɫɭɬɶ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚ-

ɤɨɧɭ [39, ɫɬ. 87].

ɍɪɚɡɿ ɹɤɳɨ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɡɚɯɨɞɿɜ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɭ ɦɚɣɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɥɨ ɞɨ ɩɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɨɪɝɚɧ ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɦɨɠɟ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦ ɞɠɟɪɟɥɨɦ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɞɟɛɿɬɨɪɫɶɤɭ ɡɚɛɨɪɝɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɫɬɪɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɹɤɨʀ ɧɚɫɬɚɜ ɬɚ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜɢɦɨɝɢ ɹɤɨʀ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ. Ɍɚɤɚ ɞɟɛɿɬɨɪɫɶɤɚ ɡɚɛɨɪɝɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɨɜɠɭɽ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɬɢɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɨɦ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɦɚɽ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ, ɞɨ ɧɚɞɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɞɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ ɡɚ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɰɿɽʀ ɞɟɛɿɬɨɪɫɶɤɨʀ ɡɚɛɨɪɝɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ. Ɉɪɝɚɧ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɹɽ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɪɨ ɬɚɤɟ ɧɚɞɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɜ ɩ’ɹɬɢɞɟɧɧɢɣ ɬɟɪɦɿɧ ɡ ɞɧɹ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ [39, ɫɬ. 87].

ɍɪɚɡɿ ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɽ ɮɿɥɿɽɸ, ɜɿɞɨɤɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɦ ɩɿɞɪɨɡɞɿɥɨɦ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ, ɦɚɣɧɚ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɣɨɝɨ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɞɠɟɪɟɥɨɦ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɽ ɦɚɣɧɨ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ, ɧɚ ɹɤɟ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɡɜɟɪɧɟɧɨ ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ.

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɛɭɞɶ-ɹɤɚ ɭɫɬɭɩɤɚ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɬɪɟɬɿɦ ɨɫɨɛɚɦ, ɡɚ ɜɢɧɹɬɤɨɦ, ɤɨɥɢ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɫɜɨɽɱɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɽ ɿɧɲɿ ɨɫɨɛɢ [39, ɫɬ. 87].

ɍɪɚɡɿ ɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɨɪɝɚɧɢ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɿ ɡɚɪɚɯɭɜɚɬɢ ɤɨɲɬɢ, ɳɨ ɫɩɥɚɱɭɽ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɜ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɡ ɱɟɪɝɨɜɿɫɬɸ ɣɨɝɨ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɧɟɡɚɥɟɠɧɨ ɜɿɞ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭ ɫɩɥɚɬɢ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ.

115

ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 7. ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɂɃ ȻɈɊȽ. ɋɉɂɋȺɇɇə …

ɋɩɪɹɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɚ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɡɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ, ɤɪɿɦ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɿɜ ɫɩɪɹɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɰɢɯ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɧɚ ɜɢɩɥɚɬɭ ɡɚɪɨɛɿɬɧɨʀ ɩɥɚɬɢ ɬɚ ɽɞɢɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɟɫɤɭ ɧɚ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɟ ɫɨɰɿɚɥɶɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ [39, ɫɬ. 87].

Ɂ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɭ ɜɢɧɟɫɟɧɧɹ ɫɭɞɨɦ ɭɯɜɚɥɢ ɩɪɨ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɜɚɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɭ ɫɩɪɚɜɿ ɩɪɨ ɛɚɧɤɪɭɬɫɬɜɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ, ɹɤɿ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɿ ɞɨ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɧɢɯ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɪɫɶɤɢɯ ɜɢɦɨɝ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɸɱɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɜ ɞɨ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɠɧɢɤɚ

[39, ɫɬ. 87].

Ɉɪɝɚɧ ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɡɜɟɪɬɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɫɭɞɭ ɡ ɩɨɡɨɜɨɦ ɩɪɨ ɫɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɭ — ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ. ɋɬɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɡɚ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɫɭɞɭ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɸ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɜɱɨɸ ɫɥɭɠɛɨɸ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɩɪɨ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɜɱɟ ɩɪɨɜɚɞɠɟɧɧɹ [39, ɫɬ. 87].

ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɹɤɳɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ ɜɢɧɢɤ ɡɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɹɦɢ, ɳɨ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɥɢɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɠɚɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɿɜ ɩɪɨ ɫɩɿɥɶɧɭ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ, ɞɠɟɪɟɥɨɦ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɽ ɦɚɣɧɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɽ ɭɱɚɫɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɭ [39, ɫɬ. 87].

7.2. ɉɈȽȺɒȿɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɈȽɈ ȻɈɊȽɍ ȼ ɊȺɁȱ ɅȱɄȼȱȾȺɐȱȲ ɌȺ ɊȿɈɊȽȺɇȱɁȺɐȱȲ ɉɅȺɌɇɂɄȺ ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɿ ɜɥɚɫɧɢɤɨɦ ɱɢ ɭɩɨɜɧɨɜɚɠɟɧɢɦ ɧɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɸ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɫɬ. 12 Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ «ɉɪɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɦɢ ɬɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɦɢ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɦɢ ɮɨɧɞɚɦɢ» [22] ɚɤɬɢɜɢ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɱɟɪɝɨɜɨɫɬɿ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɿɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɨɦ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ.

Ʌɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɽɸ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɱɢ ɣɨɝɨ ɮɿɥɿʀ, ɜɿɞɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ ɱɢ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɨɤɪɟɦɥɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɪɨɡɞɿɥɭ ɽ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɹɤ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ ɱɢ ɡɭɩɢɧɟɧɧɹ ɪɟɽɫɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ ɹɤ ɫɭɛ’ɽɤɬɚ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɧɢɰɶɤɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɹ ɮɿɥɿʀ, ɜɿɞɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ, ɜɿɞɨɤɪɟɦɥɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɪɨɡɞɿɥɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɜɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɹɤɨʀ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɤɪɢɬɬɹ ʀɯɧɿɯ ɪɚɯɭɧɤɿɜ ɬɚ/ɚɛɨ ɜɬɪɚɬɚ ʀɯɧɶɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɭ ɹɤ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ [39,

ɫɬ. 97 ɩ. 1].

əɤɳɨ ɩɪɢ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿʀ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɱɢ ɫɤɚɫɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɪɟɽɫɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ ɹɤ ɫɭɛ’ɽɤɬɚ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɧɢɰɶɤɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɱɚɫɬɢ-

116

ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

ɧɚ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɱɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɟɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɨɸ ɭ ɡɜ’ɹɡɤɭ ɡ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɿɫɬɸ ɣɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ, ɬɨ ɰɸ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɭ ɩɨɝɚɲɚɸɬɶ ɡɚ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ ɡɚɫɧɨɜɧɢɤɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɭɱɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɚ, ɹɤɳɨ ɜɨɧɢ ɧɟɫɭɬɶ ɩɨɜɧɭ ɚɛɨ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹɦɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɿɡ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ, ɭ ɦɟɠɚɯ ɩɨɜɧɨʀ ɚɛɨ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ, ɚ ɜ ɪɚɡɿ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿʀ ɮɿɥɿʀ, ɜɿɞɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ ɱɢ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɨɤɪɟɦɥɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɪɨɡɞɿɥɭ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ — ɡɚ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ ɧɟɡɚɥɟɠɧɨ ɜɿɞ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɢ ɽ ɜɨɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɭ, ɫɬɨɫɨɜɧɨ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɜɢɧɢɤɥɨ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɟ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɜɢɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɮɿɥɿʀ, ɜɿɞɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ, ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɨɤɪɟɦɥɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɪɨɡɞɿɥɭ [39, ɫɬ. 97 ɩ. 3].

ȼ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɚɯ ɝɪɨɲɨɜɿ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ, ɳɨ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɧɟɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɢɦɢ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿʀ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɜɜɚɠɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɛɟɡɧɚɞɿɣɧɢɦ ɛɨɪɝɨɦ ɿ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɸɬɶ ɫɩɢɫɚɧɧɸ ɜ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɦɭ Ʉɚɛɿɧɟɬɨɦ Ɇɿɧɿɫɬɪɿɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ. Ɍɟ ɫɚɦɟ ɫɬɨɫɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ— ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɹɤɚ ɩɨɦɟɪɥɚ ɚɛɨ ɜɢɡɧɚɧɚ ɫɭɞɨɦ ɛɟɡɜɿɫɧɨ ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɶɨɸ ɚɛɨ ɨɝɨɥɨɲɟɧɚ ɩɨɦɟɪɥɨɸ ɱɢ ɜɢɡɧɚɧɚ ɧɟɞɿɽɡɞɚɬɧɨɸ, ɤɪɿɦ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɿɜ, ɤɨɥɢ ɡ’ɹɜɥɹɸɬɶɫɹ ɿɧɲɿ ɨɫɨɛɢ, ɳɨ ɜɫɬɭɩɚɸɬɶ ɭ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɩɚɞɳɢɧɢ, ɧɟɡɚɥɟɠɧɨ ɜɿɞ ɱɚɫɭ ɧɚɛɭɬɬɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ.

Ɉɫɨɛɨɸ, ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɸ ɡɚ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹ- ɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɽ [39, ɫɬ. 97 ɩ. 4]:

ɚ) ɫɬɨɫɨɜɧɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɹɤɢɣ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ, — ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɣɧɚ ɤɨɦɿɫɿɹ ɱɢ ɿɧɲɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ, ɳɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɸ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ;

ɛ) ɫɬɨɫɨɜɧɨ ɮɿɥɿɣ, ɜɿɞɞɿɥɟɧɶ, ɿɧɲɢɯ ɜɿɞɨɤɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɯ ɩɿɞɪɨɡɞɿɥɿɜ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɹɤɢɣ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ, — ɬɚɤɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ; ɜ) ɫɬɨɫɨɜɧɨ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ-ɫɭɛ’ɽɤɬɚ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɧɢɰɶɤɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨ-

ɫɬɿ — ɬɚɤɚ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɚ ɨɫɨɛɚ; ɝ) ɫɬɨɫɨɜɧɨ ɤɨɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɿɜ, ɤɪɟɞɢɬɧɢɯ ɫɨɸɡɿɜ, ɬɨɜɚɪɢɫɬɜ ɫɩɿɜ-

ɜɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ ɠɢɬɥɚ ɱɢ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɤɨɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɫɬɜ — ʀɯɧɿ ɱɥɟɧɢ (ɩɚɣɨɜɢɤɢ) ɫɨɥɿɞɚɪɧɨ;

ɞ) ɫɬɨɫɨɜɧɨ ɿɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɮɨɧɞɿɜ — ɿɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɿɣɧɚ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɿɹ, ɳɨ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɿɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɿɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɿɣɧɢɦ ɮɨɧɞɨɦ.

əɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ, ɦɚɽ ɫɭɦɢ ɧɚɞɦɿɪɭ ɫɩɥɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɱɢ ɧɟɜɿɞɲɤɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡɛɨɪɿɜ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ) ɡ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ, ɬɚɤɿ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɸɬɶ ɡɚɥɿɤɭ ɜ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɦ. əɤɳɨ ɫɭɦɚ ɧɚɞɦɿɪɭ ɫɩɥɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɚɛɨ ɧɟɜɿɞɲɤɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡɛɨɪɿɜ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ) ɡ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɽ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ

117

ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 7. ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɂɃ ȻɈɊȽ. ɋɉɂɋȺɇɇə …

ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɦ, ɫɭɦɚ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɡɚɛɨɪɝɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ ɱɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɿɧɲɢɦɢ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɦɢ, ɚ ɹɤɳɨ ɧɟɦɚɽ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɡɚɛɨɪɝɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ (ɛɨɪɝɭ) — ɧɚɞɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɭ ɪɨɡɩɨɪɹɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ [39, ɫɬ. 97 ɩ. 5-6].

ɍ ɪɚɡɿ, ɤɨɥɢ ɜɥɚɫɧɢɤ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɱɢ ɭɩɨɜɧɨɜɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɩɪɢɣɦɚɽ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɸ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɚ ɡɚɛɨɪɝɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶ ɱɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɛɨɪɝ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɽ ɜɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɧɧɸ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ [39, ɫɬ. 98 ɩ. 2]:

1)ɹɤɳɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɧɚɡɜɢ, ɨɪɝɚ- ɧɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɭ ɱɢ ɦɿɫɰɹ ɪɟɽɫɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɬɚɤɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɧɚɛɭɜɚɽ ɭɫɿɯ ɩɪɚɜ

ɿɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɿɜ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɳɨ ɜɢɧɢɤɥɢ ɞɨ ɣɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ;

2)ɹɤɳɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɨɛ’ɽɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɞɜɨɯ ɱɢ ɛɿɥɶɲɨʀ ɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɡ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɽɸ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɨɛ’ɽɞɧɚɥɢɫɹ, ɬɚɤɢɣ ɨɛ’ɽɞɧɚɧɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɚɛɭɜɚɽ ɭɫɿɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɿ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɿɜ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɱɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɜɫɿɯ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɭ, ɳɨ ɨɛ’ɽɞɧɚɥɢɫɹ;

3)ɹɤɳɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɚ ɞɜɿ ɱɢ ɛɿɥɶɲɟ ɨɫɨɛɢ ɡ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɽɸ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɭɫɿ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ, ɧɚɛɭɜɚɸɬɶ ɭɫɿɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɿ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɿɜ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɭ ɱɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ, ɳɨ ɜɢɧɢɤɥɢ ɞɨ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ;

4)ɜɢɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ ɡ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɚ ɫɚɦɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ ɦɚɣɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ, ɞɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɬɧɢɯ ɮɨɧɞɿɜ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɜ ɨɛɦɿɧ ɧɚ ʀɯ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɿ ɩɪɚɜɚ, ɜɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ;

5)ɪɟɽɫɬɪɚɰɿɹ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɢ ɹɤ ɫɭɛ’ɽɤɬɚ ɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɛɟɡ ɫɤɚɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ʀʀ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɶɨʀ ɪɟɽɫɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɹɤ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɫɭɛ’ɽɤɬɚ ɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɡ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɫɤɚɫɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ.

Ɂɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɿ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɱɢ ɛɨɪɝ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɹɸɬɶɫɹ ɦɿɠ ɧɨɜɨɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɦɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɿɣɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɤɚɦ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɨɜɨʀ ɜɚɪɬɨɫɬɿ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ, ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɧɢɦɢ ɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɭ. əɤɳɨ ɨɞɧɚ ɱɢ ɛɿɥɶɲɟ ɡ ɧɨɜɨɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɯ ɨɫɿɛ ɧɟ ɽ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨɞɨ ɹɤɢɯ ɜɢɧɢɤɥɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɱɢ ɛɨɪɝ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɹɤɢɣ ɛɭɜ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ, ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɿ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɱɢ ɛɨɪɝ ɩɨɜɧɿ-

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ȺȾɆȱɇȱɋɌɊɍȼȺɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄȱȼ

ɫɬɸ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɹɸɬɶɫɹ ɦɿɠ ɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ, ɹɤɿ ɽ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɿɣɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɤɚɦ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɧɢɦɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ, ɛɟɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ, ɧɚɞɚɧɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɚɦ, ɹɤɿ ɧɟ ɽ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ.

Ɋɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɜɢɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ ɡ ɣɨɝɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɭ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɹ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɞɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɬɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɧɞɭ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɛɟɡ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿʀ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɹɤɢɣ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ, ɧɟ ɬɹɝɧɟ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɸ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɱɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɦɿɠ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɿ ɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ, ɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ ɣɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ. Ɋɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɫɨɥɿɞɚɪɧɨʀ ɚɛɨ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɶɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɟ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ, ɹɤɳɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɢ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ, ɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɸɬɶ ɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿɣ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɿ ɧɚ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɬɚɤɭ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɸ.

Ɋɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɧɟ ɡɦɿɧɸɽ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɿɜ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɦɢ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿ ɬɚɤɨʀ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ.

əɤɳɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɳɨ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ, ɦɚɽ ɫɭɦɢ ɧɚɞɦɿɪɭ ɫɩɥɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɚɛɨ ɧɟɜɿɞɲɤɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡɛɨɪɿɜ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹ- ɡɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ), ɬɚɤɿ ɫɭɦɢ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɸɬɶ ɡɚɥɿɤɭ ɜ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɣɨɝɨ ɧɟɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɡ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡɛɨɪɿɜ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ). Ɂɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɫɭɦɚ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɦɿɠ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɦɢ ɿ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɦɢ ɰɿɥɶɨɜɢɦɢ ɮɨɧɞɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɿɣɧɨ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɢɦ ɫɭɦɚɦ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɡɚɛɨɪɝɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ.

əɤɳɨ ɫɭɦɚ ɧɚɞɦɿɪɭ ɫɩɥɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɚɛɨ ɧɟɜɿɞɲɤɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡɛɨɪɿɜ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɿɜ) ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɽ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɡɚ ɿɧɲɢɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɚɦɢ, ɡɛɨɪɚɦɢ (ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɦɢ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɚɦɢ), ɫɭɦɚ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɨɡɩɨɪɹɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɤɿɜ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɿɣɧɨ ʀɯɧɿɣ ɱɚɫɬɰɿ ɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɯ, ɳɨ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɹɸɬɶɫɹ, ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɭ ɚɛɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ.

7.3. ɉɈȽȺɒȿɇɇə ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɈȽɈ ȻɈɊȽɍ ȾȿɊɀȺȼɇɂɏ ɉȱȾɉɊɂȯɆɋɌȼ, əɄȱ ɇȿ ɉȱȾɅəȽȺɘɌɖ ɉɊɂȼȺɌɂɁȺɐȱȲ, ɌȺ ɄɈɆɍɇȺɅɖɇɂɏ ɉȱȾɉɊɂȯɆɋɌȼ

ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɹɤɳɨ ɫɭɦɚ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ, ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɚ ɜɿɞ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɭ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɭ ɦɚɣɧɚ ɤɨɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɚ, ɧɟ ɩɨɤɪɢɜɚɽ ɫɭɦɭ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɿ ɜɢɬɪɚɬ, ɩɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɢɯ ɡ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚ-

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ɊɈɁȾȱɅ 7. ɉɈȾȺɌɄɈȼɂɃ ȻɈɊȽ. ɋɉɂɋȺɇɇə …

ɰɿɽɸ ɬɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɭɛɥɿɱɧɢɯ ɬɨɪɝɿɜ, ɚɛɨ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɠɧɢɤɚ ɜɥɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɣɧɚ, ɳɨ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɨ ɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɭ ɬɚ ɜɿɞɱɭɠɟɧɨ, ɨɪɝɚɧ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɢɣ ɡɜɟɪɧɭɬɢɫɹ ɞɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɦɿɫɰɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɜɪɹɞɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɱɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɜɱɨʀ ɜɥɚɞɢ, ɞɨ ɫɮɟɪɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɿɧɧɹ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɦɚɣɧɨ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡ ɩɨɞɚɧɧɹɦ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ [39, ɫɬ. 96 ɩ. 1]:

1)ɜɢɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɦɿɫɰɟɜɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ ɧɚ ɫɩɥɚɬɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ. Ɋɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɜɢɬɪɚɬ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɣɛɥɢɠɱɿɣ ɫɟɫɿʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨʀ ɪɚɞɢ;

2)ɡɚɬɜɟɪɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɥɚɧɭ ɞɨɫɭɞɨɜɨʀ ɫɚɧɚɰɿʀ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɹɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɧɹ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ;

3)ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɸ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɬɚ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɣɧɨʀ ɤɨɦɿɫɿʀ;

4)ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɫɟɫɿɽɸ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨʀ ɪɚɞɢ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɢ ɩɪɨ ɛɚɧɤɪɭɬɫɬɜɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ.

ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɹɤɳɨ ɫɭɦɚ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ, ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɚ ɜɿɞ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɭ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɭ ɦɚɣɧɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɚ, ɹɤɟ ɧɟ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɽ ɩɪɢɜɚɬɢɡɚɰɿʀ, ɭ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɢɫɥɿ ɤɚɡɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɚ, ɧɟ ɩɨɤɪɢɜɚɽ ɫɭɦɭ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɨɪɝɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɿ ɜɢɬɪɚɬ, ɩɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɢɯ ɡ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɽɸ ɬɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɭɛɥɿɱɧɢɯ ɬɨɪɝɿɜ, ɚɛɨ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɦɚɣɧɚ, ɳɨ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɚ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɨ ɜ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɭ ɬɚ ɜɿɞɱɭɠɟɧɨ, ɨɪɝɚɧ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɡɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɢɣ ɡɜɟɪɧɭɬɢɫɹ ɞɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɜɱɨʀ ɜɥɚɞɢ, ɞɨ ɫɮɟɪɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɿɧɧɹ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ, ɡ ɩɨɞɚɧɧɹɦ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ [39, ɫɬ. 96 ɩ. 2]:

1)ɧɚɞɚɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨʀ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɿʀ ɡ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ ɡɚ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ, ɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɞɥɹ ɭɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɜɱɨʀ ɜɥɚɞɢ, ɞɨ ɫɮɟɪɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɿɧɧɹ ɹɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ;

2)ɞɨɫɭɞɨɜɭ ɫɚɧɚɰɿɸ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɡɚ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ ɤɨɲɬɿɜ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ;

3)ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɸ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɬɚ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɥɿɤɜɿɞɚɰɿɣɧɨʀ ɤɨɦɿɫɿʀ;

4)ɜɢɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹ ɩɥɚɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɿɜ ɿɡ ɩɟɪɟɥɿɤɭ ɨɛ’ɽɤɬɿɜ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɜɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɿ, ɹɤɿ ɧɟ ɩɿɞɥɹɝɚɸɬɶ ɩɪɢɜɚɬɢɡɚɰɿʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɡ ɦɟɬɨɸ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɢ ɩɪɨ ɛɚɧɤɪɭɬɫɬɜɨ, ɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ, ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɜɫɬɜɨɦ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ.

ȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɶ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɿɡ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɪɿɲɟɧɶ ɧɚɞɫɢɥɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɭ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɩɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦ 30 ɤɚɥɟɧɞɚɪɧɢɯ ɞɧɿɜ ɡ ɞɧɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɡɜɟɪɧɟɧɧɹ.

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