Контрольные упражнения по теме «неличные формы глагола»

1. Определите форму причастия и переведите предложения:

1. Engineers working at big plant in the country are trained at our University. 2. The course of lecture prepared by our professor is very useful in students' practical work. 3. Being invited Sofia reported to her mother. 4. Great plants producing computers are equipped with modern machinery.

2. Определите функцию герундия и переведите предложения:

1. After leaving the room he remembered that he had left the key. 2. Before objecting to my suggestion you ought to think them over. 3. There is no possibility of finding his address. 4. Reading aloud is useful. 5. I like your sister's singing.

3. Определите какой частью речи являются -ing формы:

1. There is no excuse for his doing such a thing. 2. She wrote the letter without my knowing it. 3. While learning the pronunciation of the word we learned their meaning. 4. The actor performing the leading part is very talanted. 5. I found the old man sitting in the armchair. 6. I was awakened by their loud talking.

4. Установите функцию инфинитива:

1. He went to the library to get this book. 2. We sometimes stay at our University after classes to discuss the news. 3. To be in time for our lectures you must get up early. 4. He was said to visit his mother this week. 5. I saw them sit around the table and speak on this subject.

5. Вставьте частицу -to-, где это необходимо:

1. You'd rather … ask the policeman, then ... help me. 2. My brother wants ... tell me good-bye. 3. You can... trust your friend. 4. The mother made her child ... put the shoes on.

Инфинитивные обороты

В английском языке существует два инфинитивных оборота: Complex Object (сложное дополнение) и Complex Subject (сложное подлежащее).

Complex Object обычно состоит из существительного в общем падеже или личного местоимения в объектном падеже и инфинитива с to или без to, что зависит от глагола-сказуемого:

He wants you to help him. I saw Peter give her the letter.

Конструкция Complex Object чаще всего переводится на русский язык дополнительным придаточным предложением с союзами: что, чтобы, как.

1) Конструкция Complex Object с to употребляется после глаголов:

– обозначающих умственную деятельность: to think, to consider, to believe, to know в значении «считать, полагать», to expect – ожидать, to suppose – полагать, предполагать, to understand и др.:

I understood him to tell the truth. We consider Helen to be a friend.

– выражающих желание: to wish, to want, to desire, could (would) like:

I wish the matter to be settled today.

– обозначающих принуждение, просьбу, приказ, разрешение: to order-приказывать, to allow-разрешать, to command, to ask в значении «просить»:

He allowed the children not to go to bed.

2) Конструкция Complex Object без частицы to употребляется:

– после глаголов физического восприятия: to see, to watch, to notice, to hear, to feel: Mother likes to watch him play tennis. I saw him cross the street.

– to make, to let: The teacher made her repeat the sentence. I let the children play the piano.

The Complex Subject – это инфинитивный оборот, который состоит из грамматического подлежащего и инфинитива, стоящего после сказуемого, выраженного личной формой глагола:

He is expected to come back tonight. He is known to be preparing for exam.

The delegation is known to have left for home.

1. Глаголы-сказуемые to know, to believe, to consider, to report, to say, to see, to hear в конструкции Complex Subject употребляются in Passive Voice:

He is said to prefer skiing to skating.

2. Глаголы-сказуемые to seem, to appear, to happen, to prove, to turn out употребляются in Active Voice: Do you happen to know his sister's name?

3. Выражения to be likely-вероятно, to be unlikely-маловероятно, to be certain, to be sure: Their plans are likely to change in the future. We are certain to agree with you.

Упражнение 1. Употребите в предложениях конструкцию Complex Object, используя слова, данные в скобках.

l. Your enthusiasm makes (I, to feel) young again. 2. I know (the man, to be) a good doctor many years ago. 3. Mother used to watch (we, to play) tennis. 4. People who know her felt (she, to be) a woman of strong will. 5. I understood (my sister, to speak) English well. 6. The teacher allow (the students, to use) the computer during the class. 7. I wish (he, to stay) with me. 8. He made (I, to do) it all over again. 9. He made (she, to repeat) the message. 10. If you want (we, to get) there before dark you should let (we, to start) at once. 11. Would you like (I, to go) now? 12. They won't let (we, to leave) the customs till our luggage has been examined. 13. I'd like (he, to go) to the University but I can't make (he, to go). 14. I want (she, to learn) English. 15. I heard (the door, to open) and saw (a shadow, to move) across the floor. 16. I saw (you, to smile). 17. She expects (her husband, to pay) all the household expenses. 18. The teacher advised (we, to use) dictionaries. 19. Her father doesn't allow (she, to go) to the cinema alone.

Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы, используя Complex Object.

1. Would you like me to read or to retell the story. 2. When do you expect the translation to be finished? 3. Which direction did you notice them go? 4. When did you order dinner to be served?

Упражнение 3. Найдите конструкцию Complex Object, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I wanted him to be present at the lecture. 2. She wanted the child to wash his hands before dinner. 3. The teacher wanted the boy to behave better. 4. I have often heard him tell the story. 5. Do you expect us to believe you? 6. She made me turn looking critically at my dress. 7. I consider them to be right. 8. I’d like my friend to be honest with me. 9. She heard the child cry. 10. He felt himself shiver. 11. When I came I found my friend wait for me. 12. I believed him to know the subject well. 13. I expected my friend to write an article for the conference. 14. They wanted us to tell them about the results of our research work. 15. Every mother wants her child to be well educated. 16. I wanted the work to be done properly. 17. I didn't want my report to be discussed there. 18. I know the student to live in Pembroke Street. 19. I know this girl to be fond of music. 9. I know the performance to be a success. 20. He knows them to have met by accident. 21. We know this famous person to have studied at our University. 22. I know the delegation to have left for St. Petersburg.

Упражнение 4. Найдите конструкцию Complex Subject, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Margaret was heard to argue with Howard. 2. James was said to avoid Alice. 3. Edward is believed to have left for Sofia 4. Mr. Jones was known to have lived in Cairo for along time, 5. Christine was expected to write them in Amsterdam. 6. Ann is expected to retain from Dublin tomorrow. 7. Mr. McDonald is believed to have lived in Sweden for over ten years. 8. Nora’s behaviour was found to be suspicious. 9. Mr. Smith was known to have flown from Athens to Berlin. 10. Mr. Hastings was considered to know Copenhagen well, 11. The ambassador was reported to have resumed to Mdftnim 12. Victoria was thought to be rather selfish 13. The president was reported to have made a speech at Cairo airport. 14. Mr. Johnson is considered to be a lawyer. 15. Mr. Huxley is believed to know five languages. 16. The country is known to export oil. 17. English is known to have adopted a lot of French words. 18. He is believed to know that country very well. 19. Mr. Hook was believed to be living in Holland.

Упражнение 5. Найдите в предложениях конструкцию Complex Object или Complex Subject. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I had seen my father leave the house that very morning. 2. I've never known a girl spend so much time on make up. 3. Professor Lee was expected to join the expedition in North Africa. 4. He is said to have been a sailor in his youth. 5. She felt somebody touch her by hand. 6. I thought it to be the signal to start. 7. Mary seemed to expect an answer. 8. He was heard to say that it would rain and ordered the door to the balcony to be shut.

Упражнение 6. Переведите предложения.

1. Известно, что он живет в Москве. 2. Мы слышали, что ты работал в летнем лагере. 3. Я думал, что эту книгу написал Дж. Олдридж. 4. Сообщается, что делегация посетит столицу этой страны. 5. Она заставила брата сказать правду. 6. Лекция по маркетингу, вероятно, будет прочитана завтра. 7. Говорят, что многие книги Пушкина переведены на другие языки. 8. Ожидают, что он подготовит доклад по математике на конференцию.