What causes oil pollution?

1. Oil causes pollution of rivers, lakes, and oceans. Bur where does this oil come from? Scientists believe that waste oil is responsible for the most pollution. Some of this comes from industry, some from our roads, and some is thrown away by people.

2. Oil leaks and spills happen because of technical problems, mistakes, vandalism (damage caused by people for no reason), accidents, or war. The smallest amount of oil comes from offshore drilling activities where oil is sometimes spilled because of burst (broken) pipes or human error (mistakes made by people). Major oil ranker disasters account for slightly more oil pollution. Accidents with ships are the result of ships hitting each other or hitting sand or rocks below the water. Accidents happen because of human error, poor maintenance, or poor communication between the crew members working on the ship. They can also happen when bad weather forces an oil tanker against a rocky coast.

3. A major oil leak or spill can result in very serious damage to plants and animals, the environment, and the local economy. Some parts of die environment are more easily damaged than others. For example, in water near the coast there are thousands of plants and animals that could die.

4. Governments and oil companies around the world are working together to reduce oil pollution. Improved safety training and management means fewer spills. Satellite and aircraft are used to quickly identify new cases of pollution. New technical measures include double-hulled tankers, ships with one body inside another.

Task 6. Pick the best title to parts 1-4:

Задание 6. Подберите лучший заголовок к параграфу 1-4:

1. a The main source of oil pollution

b Waste oil from industry

2. a Tanker disasters

b The reasons for oil spills

2. a Damage to the environment

b The effects of oil spills

4. a Preventing oil pollution

b Working together

Task 7. Fill in the box:

Задание 7. Заполните таблицу:

Verb	Noun	Adjective
pollute
		technical
damage
		(un)protected
		transported
		leaked
globalize	globe
	environment
	seepage/seeps
spill

Task 8. Fill in the gaps with words from exercise 7:

Задание 8. Заполните пропуски словами из упр. 7:

1. The natural place where plants and animals live is the _____ .

2. If a pipe carrying oil bursts, the oil causes _____ .

3. Carbon dioxide is causing _____ warming.

4. New car _____ means that car engines are more efficient.

5. Oil companies produce oil but they also try to _____ the environment.

6. An oil tanker accident can cause serious _____ to the environment.

7. Industrial facilities have ways to stop _____ oil getting into water and soil.

8. In some places oil _____ slowly to the surface of the ground by itself

Практическое занятие 6

The Development of an Oil and Gas Company

Развитие нефтегазовой компании

refining очищение, переработка

dissolve аннулировать, разлагать

shareholder владелец акций

establish основывать, создавать

dump сливать, сбрасывать

refineries нефтеперегонный завод

pile up накапливать, нагромождать

manage управлять, справляться

disparate различный, несоответственный

giant громадный, гигантский

Task 1. Read and translate the text:

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст: