
- •Содержание
- •The oil and gas industry
- •Lcm Oil & Gas
- •Methods of accounting
- •Leasing Agreement
- •Agenda 21
- •What causes oil pollution?
- •The History of Standard Oil
- •Rig Location
- •Hurricane Dean reaches Belize
- •Drillers
- •Tool pushers
- •Anthony Johnson
- •Faisal Riyad
- •Colin Freyer
- •Igor Borovsky
- •Local firm awarded contract to dismantle rigs
- •A summary of the drilling process
- •The drill string
- •Rotating Systems
- •Drilling fluid
- •Types of drilling fluid
- •Functions, property or ingredient?
- •Blow out on Ensco 51
- •Drilling Technologies
- •Viability assessment
- •The geology of petroleum traps
- •Angular unconformity traps
- •Identification of farm-in opportunities
- •Bright spots
- •Developments in seismic technology
- •Using a vibrator truck
- •Principles of seismology
- •Two Technician Mud Logging Service
- •Remote Service Mud Logging
- •Different types of wireline well log
- •Some Common Wireline Logs and their Uses
- •New Frontiers of Oil Production
- •Completion Systems
- •Oil and Gas Separators
- •Primary and secondary separation
- •Successful Well Stimulation in Orenburg, Russia
- •The GasGun
- •Frac Job or Fracture Stimulation
- •Improved Oil Recovery
- •Primary, secondary and tertiary recovery
- •Enhanced recovery methods
- •C02 gas injection
- •Natural drives
- •Westminster Dual Purpose Pipeline Security and Leak Detection System
- •Pipeline systems
- •Oil Spills in the United States between 1991 and 2004
- •Task 1. Read the following extract from the website of an assaying company called Intertek (www.Intertek-cb.Com). What services does the company provide?
- •Assaying services
- •Crude Oil Assays
- •Список рекомендуемой литературы
Successful Well Stimulation in Orenburg, Russia
Aladdin Oil & Gas Company ASA has completed the well stimulation on Well #51 at the Bogdanovskaya license in Orenburg. The well is now in production, producing 100 barrels of oil per day. Through the use of pumps, the production is expected to increase further.
The work is conducted by Schlumberger’s Russian subsidiary, Petroalliance, and is completed according to the stimulation programme developed by the consultancy TRACS. The TRACS programme is providing the expected results, about 100-150 barrels per stimulated well.
Petroalliance will immediately initiate the stimulation of Well #39, and thereafter go to Well #41 and #33, as the equipment is within reach in the Orenburg region throughout the spring. Simultaneously, Well #65 will be reactivated. Subsequently, sidetrack drilling of Well #34 and #47 will be commenced. The sidetrack drilling is expected to give somewhat higher production rates, compared to ordinary well stimulation.
Aladdin Oil & Gas Company reiterates the production target of 700–1,000 barrels per day for the existing wells.
Task 2. Give Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
Задание 2. Дайте русские эквиваленты следующим словам и выражениям:
Well stimulation, multiple fracturing, hydraulic fracturing, well clean-up acidizing, enhanced production, water flood.
Task 3. Read and translate the text. Discuss the question:
Задание 3. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Обсудите вопрос, данный после текста:
The GasGun
How it works
Creates multiple radial fractures extending 10 to 50 feet from the wellbore. Minimal vertical growth avoids problems often associated with hydraulic fracturing.
Removes skin and cleans up the wellbore damaged by perforators, drilling fines, cement, paraffin, mud cake, etc.
Stimulates heterogeneous production zones, such as lenticular sands, with a higher probability of success. Fractures reach out in several directions, thus increasing your chance of intersecting the producing formations.
Improves effectiveness of acidizing by fracturing first with the GasGun, allowing acid to etch new channels into formation.
Enhances production in naturally fractured reservoirs by intersecting more fractures.
Prepares well for hydraulic fracturing by breaking down formation first with the GasGun. Treating pressures are often dramatically reduced.
Increases injection and withdrawal rates in gas storage wells damaged by compressor oils.
Improves waterflood efficiency by providing increased and more uniform injection rates.
Which functions does the GasGun fulfil?
Task 4. Put the following steps into the correct order of fracture stimulation:
Задание 4. Попробуйте восстановить порядок работ при стимуляции скважины:
Frac Job or Fracture Stimulation
1. The well is then reopened and is ready to test.
2. There is a substantial amount of effort spent designing the correct type of frac job for well. The cost to perform a frac job ranges from $50,000 to more than $1 million, depending on the size and complexity of the job.
3. These fractures are extended a long distance from the well by pumping this proppant-loaded frac fluid at a high enough pressure to continue cracking the rock.
4. This crack is then filled with sand or an artificial proppant (ceramic beads, sintered bauxite or glass beads) to allow the freer flow of oil or gas from the rock to the wellbore.
5. This is a technique used by engineers to create a crack or fracture in the rock that contains oil or gas.
6. This process is carried out using trucks equipped with high-pressure pumps and sand/proppant mixers (called 'blenders') mixing the proppant with an engineered 'frac fluid' (usually a slimy looking watery substance) that is pumped down the well until the rock actually cracks or fractures.
7. When the process is complete, the well is closed and the fluid and proppant allowed to settle.
Task 5. Which of these verbs can be used to complete the following sentence?
Задание 5. Какие из следующих глаголов можно использовать, чтобы заполнить пропуск в предложении?
allowed, avoided, cut, damaged, enhanced, improved, increased, inhibited, performed, provided, reached, reduced, removed, stimulated |
We have _________ production by around 150 barrels per day.
Task 6. Prepare a short presentation slide about different techniques of producing well.
Задание 6. Подготовьте небольшую презентацию об эксплуатации скважины.
Практическое занятие 29