1kurs1semestrochnoe_2 / Иностранный язык в сфере юриспруденции (английский)

The jury in England and Wales is made up of twelve ordinary people aged between 18 and 65. When they have heard the evidence and the judge’s summing-up, they retire to a special room to decide whether to return a verdict of guilty or not guilty. If they all agree, they have reached a unanimous verdict. If the accused is found guilty, he or she has the right to appeal and ask for the case to be heard by higher court.

Ex.1: Answer the following questions:

1.What kinds of cases are dealt with in Magistrates Courts?

2.What does unanimous verdict mean?

3.Who must prove that the defendant is innocent?

Ex.2: Find in the text the English equivalents for the following words and expressions and reproduce the context in which they were used:

1) суд присяжных; 2) иметь дело с; 3) поверенный; 4) представлять интересы клиента в суде; 5) уголовное дело; 6) мировой суд; 7) залог; 8) содержать под стражей; 9) гражданское дело; 10) федеральный закон; 11) общество; 12) уголовное преследование; 13) защита в суде; 14) невиновный; 15) единогласный вердикт присяжных.

Ex.3: Make up your own sentences with these words from the exercise 2.

2. The legal system in the United States

The legal system in the United States is similar in many ways to the English system. One of the main differences is the existence of the United States Constitution which is interpreted by the highest court, the Supreme Court. The nine Supreme Court judges, who are appointed by the president and approved by the Senate, can only be removed from office by impeachment.

Federal Judges are also appointed for life by the President. They deal with federal law, which applies to the country as whole, and the important cases involving citizens from different states. State judges hear cases involving the law of a particular state. They hold office for ten years and are usually elected, or confirmed in office by election.

The number of people who make up the jury varies from state to state, but efforts are made to ensure that they represent a fair cross-selection of society. Both the defense and the prosecution are allowed to reject a certain number of jury candidates. Except in minor cases, the defendant in a criminal case has the right to be tried by a jury, and many civil cases are also heard by a jury. In most states the task of the jury is only to decide whether the defendant is innocent or guilty, while it is the judge who passes sentence.

The attorneys who represent clients in court, have been trained at law schools and are licensed to practice only in certain states. If they wish to practice in a different state, they may have to take another exam. In a criminal case, the

51

prosecution attorney is appointed by the District Attorney to prosecute the defendant. The defense attorney will be provided by the Public Defender’s Office if the defendant cannot afford to engage her or his own lawyer. The prosecution may agree to charge the defendant with a less serious offense if he or she agrees to plead guilty. This is known aspleabargaining.

Ex.: 1. Complete the sentences:

1.The main difference between legal system in England and in the USA is………….

2.Federal judges are also appointed for life by ………………………………………

3.The task of the jury is only to decide whether the defendant is ……………………

4.It is the judge who ………………………………………………………………….

5.Both the defense and the prosecution are allowed to reject ……………………….

Ex.: 2. Underline the sentences which contain passive constructions.

Ex.: 3. Give a summary of the text

2.4. Примерный перечень вопросов к зачёту и экзамену по всему курсу учебной дисциплины:

Текущий контроль осуществляется по окончании каждого восьмичасового цикла занятий в виде грамматических тестов, контрольных переводов, дискуссионных уроков и письменных переводов текстов правовой тематики с английского на русский язык. Каждый такой цикл делится на четыре этапа двухчасовых практических занятий: лексического, аудирования, чтения, грамматического и разговорного. По окончании цикла предусмотрены тестовые проверки каждого из тренируемых в рамках данной ситуации навыков. Основные изучаемые ситуации:

1.A career in law

2.Work and study

3.Society and family

4.Law and society

5.Law and order

6.Historyand culture

7.The Legal System in England and Wales

8.The Legal System in the USA

9.Criminal law. Crime and Punishment

10.Global Affairs

Сравнение достигнутых студентом результатов с требованием программы указывает на уровень его обученности. Студент не может получить положительной оценки при уровне обученности менее 50 процентов

52

нормативов, указанных в программе. Зачет проводится по окончании первого семестра. В первом семестре проверяются знания грамматического материала (в форме тестовых заданий) и навыки монологической речи (в форме сообщений по заданным темам и ситуациям). Во втором семестре проверяются навыки диалогического и монологического общения (в форме общения и беседы по заданной теме) и перевода юридического текста на русский язык.

Перед экзаменом студенты пишут лексико-грамматический тест по изученному материалу. Экзамен включает два вопроса:

1) чтение юридического текста объемом около 1500 знаков. Контроль понимания осуществляется по письменному учебному переводу и изложению основных мыслей текста на английском языке;

2) участие в тематической беседе по учебно-профессиональной тематике. Монологическое высказывание на заданную тему.

Темы контрольных вопросов:

1.Составить краткое резюме прочитанного текста.

2.Перевести с русского языка на английский предложения, содержащие определенные правила грамматики и юридические термины

3.Дать правильное определение понятий (терминов).

4.Составить четыре типа вопросов к данному (из текста) предложению или ко всему содержанию текста.

5.Работа с мини-диалогами или монологическими высказываниями.

Билеты (для проведения зачетов и экзаменов) состоят из трех вопросов (заданий):

1)презентация подготовленного монологического высказывания по ранее изученным темам;

2)перевод текста юридической тематики со словарём (перевод текста объемом 1400 знаков с английского на русский язык);

3)выполнение лексико-грамматического задания в форме теста.

Темы для монологического высказывания (один из вопросов билета):

1.I am a Student. My Future Profession.

2.Legal Profession in England, in the USA and in Russia.

3.Juvenile Delinquency.

4.Crimes and Criminals.

5.Legal System in England.

6.Legal System in the USA.

7.Courts in England.

8.Kinds of Cases.

9.Jury Service.

10.Steps of the Trial.

11.Types of Punishment.

53

12. Causes of Crime.

2.5.Образецконтрольноготеста по английскому языку.

Grammar

A. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it.

Example: He stole some money and was arrested for it. He was ...

Answer: He was arrested for stealing some money.

1.The firm lost 100,000 pounds last year owing to strikes. The firm made __________________________________

2.You could say John is a little difficult sometimes.

John might ____________________________________

3. There was little demand for the book I wanted.

The book ________________________________________

4. I'd like to ask you a personal question if I may.

Would you _______________________________________

5. I had never had to do anything so difficult before.

It was ____________________________________________

6. Someone broke into their house last week.

The house ________________________________________

7.The local authorities have finally opened the new motorway. The new motorway ________________________________

8.The city council will ban all traffic from the city centre.

All traffic __________________________________________

C. Compete the sentences by putting each verb into a form of the present simple or present continuous. Each sentence verbs may be in the same or different tenses.

1.Every time inflation ________________(go up) people________________

(demand) higher wages.

2.Inflation________________ (fall) quite quickly, which ________________

(mean) that the government can keep the interest rates low.

3.________________(you/wait) for Victoria Chambers? I ________________ (not / think) she’ll be long.

4.What exactly ________________ (our customers/want)? Nobody around here

_________ (seem) to know.

54

5.Carlo doesn’t have much-experience of the situation. I________________ (hope) he_________________ (know) what he ____________________ (do).

6.What exactly______________ (you/mean)? I ______________ (not / understand).

7.What exactly ______________ (you/say)? ______________ (you / want) to renegotiate the whole contract?

D.Compete the sentences by putting one verb into past simple and one in the past perfect.

1. When the film started I _____________ (realise) I __________________ (see) it before.

2. By the time I ________________ (get) to the phone it ________________ (stop) ringing.

3. How________________ (y o u / find out) that you________________ (get) the job?

4. Before he _________(join) ABN he ________________ (work) as an investment analyst.

5. I ________________ (send) her an email just to see how things were going. Meanwhile, my boss ____________________________(.already / speak) to her boss.

E.Complete each sentence using the verb in brackets in one of these forms: will

do, would do, would have done

1.If we got a virus on the network, we __________________ (lose) all our data.

2.If my train isn't late, I _____________________ (be) in Paris at six.

3.If your talk had been shorter, I think they _____________________ (ask) more questions.

4.If you tell me what you want, I ___________________________ (get) it for you at the airport.

5.We ____________________(get) more inquiries if we advertised more often.

6.If we hadn't left so early, ____________________ (miss) the train.

7.If I worked abroad, I ____________________ (not see) my family so often.

8.If you haven’t got any change, I __________________ (leave) the tip.

9.We_________________________ (sort out) the problem much sooner if we had had the manual.

10.If you were in his situation, what _________________________ (you/do)?

Vocabulary

A. Complete the table with the correct word in each space.

Crime Criminal

Mugging

55

Burglary

Robbery

Theft

Murder

Shoplifting

Vandalism

Kidnapping

1.The _________________ is the person who makes decisions on legal matters.

2.The 12 people who have been chosen to listen to all the facts in a trial in a law court and to decide whether a person is guilty or not guilty are the _________________ .

3.A ________is a person who sees an event happening, especially a crime or an accident.

4.A ______________ is a person who is kept in prison as a punishment.

5.A ______________ is a type of lawyer in Britain who is qualified to give specialist legal advice and can argue a case in both higher and lower law courts.

6.A __________________ is what takes place in a court of law.

C.Fill the gaps in these sentences with a suitable word.

1.The defendant is accused of a range of _______________ from theft to murder.

2.There are _____________ againstdrinking in the street.

3.When someone ________________ a crime, there are many victim.

4.The _______________ are investigating fraud allegations against him.

5.A person accused of a crime is presumed _______________ untilproven guilty.

D.Mark the word that doesn’t belong to each group.

1)an attorney° a judge ° a client ° a solicitor

2)a court ° a trial ° an investigation ° a criminal

3)robbery ° murderer ° kidnapper ° thief

4)serious ° legal ° innocent ° guilt

5)investigate °police ° accuse ° commit

Reading

Read the text below and decide whether these statements are true (T) or false

(F).

56

In England a person accused of crime must always be presumed innocent until he has been proven guilty. If a criminal case is serious it is always investigated with a jury. What is a jury and how does it function?

There are 12 members of the jury both men and women. There are quite a lot of people in England who think that 12 ordinary men and women are not capable of understanding properly all the evidence given at criminal trials. But there is no doubt about it because judges are great experts in summing up the evidence. The judge calls the jury's attention to all most important points in the evidence. He favors neither prosecution nor defense. The members of the jury decide only the questions of fact. Questions of law are for the judge. The jury retires to a private room to consider the verdict. If the jury cannot agree, they must be discharged (распущен) and a new jury is formed.

A verdict has to be unanimous. English law requires that the guilt of an accused man must be proved 'beyond reasonable doubt'. When the jury returns to the courtroom, they have to give only one answer "Guilty" or "Not guilty".

1.There are twenty members of the jury.

2.Serious criminal cases are investigated with a jury.

3.A person is always innocent in the eyes of the law until they have been proved to be guilty.

4.The members of the jury decide both the questions of fact and the questions of law.

2.6.Форма итогового контроля.

Первый семестр – зачёт Второй семестр – экзамен

IV. РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЧАСОВ ПО ТЕМАМ И ВИДАМ РАБОТ

57

V.ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ

V. ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ РЕСРСЫДИСЦИПЛИНЫ

1. Основнаялитература

1.Amy Krois-Lindner, Matt Firth. Introduction to International Legal English. / Amy Krois-Lindner, Matt Firth . – Cambridge University Press. – 2008 – 160 p.

2.Stuart Redman. English vocabulary in Use. / Stuart Redman. – Cambridge University Press. Pre-intermediate and intermediate. – 2007 – 263 p.

3.Шишкина Т. Н. “Just English”: учебник / Т. Н. Шишкина. – М.: Гуманитарное знание, ТЕИС, 1997.

58

4. Немировская Э. А. “English: We study Law” / Э. А. Немировская, Т. М.

Десяткова, А. П. Бахарева. – М.: Омега-Л; ИМПЭ-ПАБЛИШ, 2004.

2. Дополнительная литература

1.Дроздова Т.Ю., Берестова А.И., Маилова В.Г. English grammar: Reference and Practice. – СПб.: Антология, 2005 – 400 с.

2.Качалова К.И., Израилевич Е.Е. Практическая грамматика английского языка. –

СПб.: БАЗИС, КАРО, 2010. – 608 с.

3.Английский язык для студентов языковых вузов : Второй этап обучения : Учебник / Г.Н. Зыкова, Л.А.Кочетова, А.М. Лебедев и др. ; Под ред. канд. пед. наук, доц. Л.А. Кочетовой. – М.: ООО «Издательство Астрель» : ООО

«Издательство АСТ», 2002. – 384 с.

4.Michael Vince. Macmillan English grammar in context / Michael Vince. – Macmillan, 2008. – 240 p.

5.Murphy, R. English Grammar in Use / Murphy, R. – Cambridge University Press, 1996. – 104p.

6.Paul Emmerson. Business grammar builder / Paul Emmerson. – Macmillan, 2008. – 274 p.

7.Abernathy Charles F. Law in the United States / Abernathy Charles F. – International Law Institute, 1995.

8.Миньяр-Белоручева А.П., Миньяр-Белоручев К.В. Английский язык. Учебник устного перевода. – М.: Издательство «Экзамен», 2003. – 352 с.

СМИ

–http: // www.telegraph.co.uk / газета.

–http: // www.guardian.co.uk / газета, аудио- и видеоформат.

–http: // www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/multimedia/archive/ archive – life.shtml / интересные репортажи о Великобритании с заданиями; аудио-, видеоформат.

–http: // www.englishforum.com/oo/students/dict.html / ссылки на различные словари.

3. Программное и мультимедийное сопровождение учебных занятий по английскому языку

Каждая тема по дисциплине сопровождается электронными средствами обучения с использованием новых информационных технологий (Power Point). На занятиях применяются презентации, видео-кейсы по изучаемым темам, фрагменты обучающего видео. Студенты самостоятельно подбирают материал и подготавливают презентации по таким темам как “Court system in England”, “Crime”, “In Court”.

59

Интернет ресурсы

1.www.multilex.ru/online.htm ─ англо-русские и русско-английские специализированные on-line словари

2.www.medialingua.ru – англо-русские и русско-английские специализированные on-line словари

3.www.lingvo.ru/lingvo/index/asp ─ англо-русские и русско-английские специализированные on-line словари

4.www.multitran.ru ─ англо-русские и русско-английские специализированные online словари

5.http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/ – сайт BBC для изучения

английского языка

Узко-специализированные словари

Право

1.http://www.theodora.com/dot_index.html – dictionary of occupational titles

2.http://www.duhaime.org/diction.htm ─ law dictionary

3.http://dictionary.law.com/law – dictionary

4.Материально-техническое обеспечение дисциплины

Важнейшими условиями процесса обучения иностранному языку являются сочетание аудиторной и лабораторной (работа в видео- и компьютерных классах) с внеаудиторной работой студентов, увеличение удельного веса их самостоятельной работы, использование различных режимов работы в аудитории (парного, группового, индивидуального), интерактивного, ситуативно-ролевого обучения и т. д.

В институте имеются все современные средства обучения иностранному языку, есть лингвистический кабинет и компьютерные классы. Аудитории оснащеныинтерактивными досками, проекторами.

60