- •Практикум
- •1. Complete the sentences.
- •2. The text contains information about the difference between flu and common cold. Fill in the table using the information from the text. If any information is not available from the text, put “—“.
- •3. Using the information you have collected in the table, compare flu and common cold. Use both… and, unlike, as…as, not so (as)… as.
- •5. Make your dialogues between
- •6. Give your advice to people on preventing flu. Use the information in the texts. Try to avoid specific medical terms.
- •1. The article describes the cases of 4 loud music fans. Decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones.
- •2. Extract information from the article and fill in the table. If any information is not available from the article, put “—“.
- •3. You are the patient. Think of 5-7 questions you might ask your doctor about the condition. Be especially interested in the risk factors, prognosis and possible complications.
- •4. Now you are the doctor. Read the passage and explain
- •6. Now read a passage about asthma relievers (препараты для облегчения симптомов). What is the difference between preventers and relievers?
- •1. Does the article say that…
- •2. Ask your questions.
- •3. Use the article to write about the bp gene research. Write about:
- •4. Read the passage and answer the questions: How is hypertension formally diagnosed in the uk? Why is “ambulatory” bp monitoring advised?
- •4. Explain to your patient the necessity of knowing their blood pressure. Tell them how high blood pressure can cause developing other diseases. Try to avoid a lot of specific medical terms.
- •2. Complete the sentences.
- •1. Answer the questions about myocardial infarction.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •6. Read the passage and answer the questions: Is viral gastroenteritis a serious illness? Who is at risk? Why?
- •1. Decide if the statement are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Your patient has regular symptoms of heartburn. Ask him / her questions to find possible causes of the condition.
- •1. Choose the statements that are false. Correct them.
- •2. The text presents the symptoms of hepatitis c. Match the symptoms with their meanings.
- •3. Complete the sentences:
- •4. Read the passage about the causes of hepatitis c and fill in the gaps with the verbs in the box.
- •5. Use the text in Task 4 to ask questions your patient might ask about the causes of hepatitis c and ways of transmitting the virus.
- •6. Talk to your patient about ways of preventing hepatitis c and its complications. Try to avoid specific medical terms.
- •1. Extract the necessary information from the article and fill in the table. If any information is not available, put “—“.
- •2. Answer the questions about the research project described in the article.
- •3. Summarize the information about the new vaccine project and present it to the class.
- •4. One of the big problems in treating bacterial infections is drug resistance. Read the passage about this phenomenon and fill in the gaps with the words in the box.
- •5. Using the information in the passage, ask 5-7 questions that a patient might ask about tb treatment.
- •6. Make a dialogue between a doctor and a patient in which the doctor will answer the patient’s questions about the details of tb treatment.
- •1. The article describes an experiment in which a group of patients were offered a diet to return insulin production to normal. Does the article suggest that…
- •2. A) Summarize the information about the experiment in the table below.
- •3. What do different researchers think about the experiment? Fill in the table. If any information is not available from the article, put “—“.
- •4. The article deals with Type 2 diabetes. Now read the passage about Type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes and say 1) what the three types have in common, 2) what makes them different.
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the words in the box. Then, answer the questions: What methods of giving insulin to patients are there? Which method is the least efficient? Which method doesn’t work?
- •5. Make up dialogues. You suspect diabetes in your patient. Before doing a blood test ask him/her questions to find out the symptoms and details of the lifestyle:
1. Complete the sentences.
Flu cannot be treated with antibiotics because …………
Flu can be fatal because …………
If a person next to you coughs or sneezes, you may…………
In case of flu you can’t go to work because …………
In case of flu you mustn’t go to work because …………
If any of your family has heart disease, he / she …………
If you suddenly have fever, headache and muscle aches, you …………
2. The text contains information about the difference between flu and common cold. Fill in the table using the information from the text. If any information is not available from the text, put “—“.
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Flu |
Common cold |
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Symptoms |
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Onset of the disease |
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Course of the disease |
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Organs affected |
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Possible complications |
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People at risk |
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Season |
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Fatalities / why? |
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3. Using the information you have collected in the table, compare flu and common cold. Use both… and, unlike, as…as, not so (as)… as.
E.g. Both flu and common cold are viral infections.
4. Read the text about flu vaccination and use it to ask questions your patient might ask you about it. While reading, find the words that mean the following: испытывать (симптомы), укол, переносить (заболевание).
E.g. Why should I have a flu vaccination every year?
People at risk are advised to have a flu vaccination every year. This is because the flu virus changes slightly every year.
A lot of people think that the flu vaccination can give them flu. However, it doesn't contain the active virus needed to do this. It's true that some people experience symptoms of a heavy cold at the same time or just after they've had the flu shot. This is usually caused by one of the many common cold viruses that are around in the autumn and winter.
Remember, it's still possible to suffer heavy colds after vaccination, as the flu shot only protects people from the flu virus, not other viruses. You can get the flu vaccination from about October each year.
The best way not to get flu is to keep your immune system strong by eating a healthy diet, taking regular exercise, getting enough rest and relaxation and not smoking. You should also avoid people who are coughing and sneezing, especially if they're not covering their mouth and nose.
5. Make your dialogues between
1) a doctor and a patient interested in flu vaccination;
2) a doctor and a patient suspicious about (с подозрением относящийся к) flu vaccination.
You may use your questions from Task 4 in the dialogues.
6. Give your advice to people on preventing flu. Use the information in the texts. Try to avoid specific medical terms.
UNIT 2. PNEUMOTHORAX.
Read the article and do the tasks below.
While reading, find the words and expressions that mean the following:
1) состояние (о здоровье); 2) глубоко вдохнуть; 3) появляться, возникать; 4) связывать, ассоциировать; 5) разрываться; 6) подавлять сознание; 7) вставлять; 8) поступление кислорода к жизненно-важным органам; 9) реагировать по-разному; 10) отделение неотложной помощи.
Loud music lung collapse warning
Experts of Thorax journal described 4 cases where loud music fans experienced the condition, known as a pneumothorax.
One man was driving when he experienced a pneumothorax, characterized by breathlessness and sharp chest pain made worse by his attempts to breathe in deeply. Doctors linked it to a 1,000 watt "bass box" fitted to his car to boost the power of his stereo. The other cases were at pop and rock concerts and the men were standing next to large loud speakers.
A pneumothorax occurs when air gets into the space between the lung and the membrane that covers it when small breaks occur in the lung wall. Researchers think the intense pulses of high-energy sound cause the lung to rupture because air and tissue respond differently to sound.
The usual risk factors for collapsed lungs are smoking, illness that has weakened the patient, chronic obstructive lung disease or use of drugs that depress consciousness, such as sedatives, barbiturates, tranquilizers, or alcohol. In a minority of cases, the oxygen supply to the vital organs is seriously reduced and the patient's life can be put at risk. A pneumothorax is treated by inserting a tube called a chest drain to allow air to escape from the chest cavity.
Dr John Harvey said: "I don't think we'll stop people going to clubs, but we may advise them not to stand next to loud speakers or put a bass box into their car." He added: "A typical district hospital might see about 50 pneumothorax patients a year in A&E. The condition is 3 times commoner in men than in women, and it is possible that a proportion of sufferers had it in a club or at a pop concert standing next to a bass box. Both my colleagues and I have seen cases and the more we mention it, the more people say 'I had a case like that'. So we're flagging it up so that doctors can ask the right questions."