УП Английский язык

Ex. 5*. Study the Table 3 for the infinitive or ing-forms. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of verbs in the brackets.

Table 3

1.would like/love/hate + to + verb: I would like to go to the cinema.

2.can/may/must + do/ go/play: I can play football.

3.let/make + do/play/go: I make him follow me. Let me go.

4.want, remind, decide + to + verb: I decided to do this course.

5.preposition + ing: He left without saying goodbye.

6.verb of preference: love/enjoy/go + ing: I go shopping once a month.

7.suggest/go/consider/continue + ing: We suggest going to the cinema.

8.like (= enjoy) + ing: I like reading books.

like/love (= do sometimes, think it is right) + to + verb: I like to wash dishes just right after the meal

Dennis and Oscar are twins. They are the same age but they like ..doing..(do) different things. Dennis loves …. (take) risks. He enjoys …. (dive) and he goes motor …. (race) every week. He can …. (fly) an airplane and he wants …. (become) a stunt man (= каскадер). On the other hand, Oscar likes …. (play) tennis and enjoys …. (read). He goes …. (swim) every day. He can …. (cook) and he would like …. (learn) a foreign language. Dennis and Oscar love …. (tell) each other about their hobbies.

Ex. 6*. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of verbs in the brackets.

1.He hates …… football on TV, he thinks it’s so boring. (watch)

2.I am not crazy about …… sport. I prefer …… creative activity. (play, do)

3.We’d love ….. and see your new film collection some time. (come)

4.Will you ……. me find a part-time job? I’m totally broken. (help)

5.I can’t stand …. compositions, because I find them really difficult. (write)

6.He doesn’t want …. to university after his holiday as he’s spent it great. (go)

7.I am not good at …… math. My school results were rather poor. (do)

8.They can’t wait …. on with their study. They are interested in … more knowledge. (go, get)

Grammar accent

Ex. 7. Explain the difference in tenses with the parts of the sentence below.

When he came home

1.……. she made the dinner.

2.……. she had made the dinner.

3.……. she was making the dinner.

4.……. she had been making the dinner

Ex. 8*. Underline the correct form.

1.While he took a bath / was taking a bath, Archimedes discovered / was discovering the principles of density and buoyancy (= выталкивающая сила).

2.Columbus arrived / was arriving in America while he tried / was trying to reach the Far East.

3.Alexander Fleming discovered / was discovering penicillin by accident while he looked / was looking at some old experiments.

4.While Isaac Newton sat / was sitting under an apple tree, an apple fell / was felling on his head and he understood / was understanding gravity.

5.While he observed / was observing the Moon through his telescope, Galileo realized / was realizing that it had mountains and craters.

6.While Hiram Bingham climbed /was climbing in the mountains of Peru in 1911, he discovered / was discovering the lost city of Manchu Picchu.

7.Bill Gates first came / was coming up with the ideas of setting up a software company while he studied / was studying at Harvard.

Ex. 9. Put the verbs in brackets into correct tense (Present Perfect or Past Simple).

1.I think I …….. (meet) him at the business meeting last month.

2.Elizabeth who … (work) in my office for some years has got a new job now.

3.The student life for the young in Ancient Greece ……. (be) happy and entertaining.

4.People …………. (collect) things since ancient times.

5.Computers …… (have) a huge impact on leisure since they ….. (be) invented.

6.For my birthday I ….. (go) to the Chinese restaurant in the town centre.

7.It all …. (start) in the morning when the telephone …(ring).

8.What kind of work you …….(do) last week? When you …… (go) home?

9.I …… (not see) him lately, perhaps he …. (be) ill that week.

10.My grandfather …… (die) 30 years ago. I never …… (meet) him.

11.They ….. (be) married for 20 years. They ……. (marry) in 1992.

Ex. 10. Read the sentences and mark the adjectives with suffixes, underline the root adjectives with one line and nouns used as attributes – with two lines.

1.Youth organizations in Britain have been established to serve the urgent needs of young people from every walk of life.

2.Their main goal is to help young people to realize their potential as individuals and to become members of communities through informal learning process.

3.The local youth club is the most common type of Youth Service offering various facilities for social interaction.

4.Most of the clubs are voluntary providing music, games and refreshments as well as sports, drama, outings, and close involvement in community service.

5.Youth centre, normally located at or near school concentrates participation in particular activities rather than less formal socialising.

6.Many clubs and centres are open during the day as well as in the evening and provide help and careers advice alongside leisure facilities.

7.Day centres known as ‘drop-in’ centres are typically located in the inner city areas where sheer unemployment and social problems are the most evident and were full-time young workers are available

8.Youth clubs UK involve nearly 600 000 young people throughout Britain including in their activities holiday projects, a residential life and social skill course for girls, a share-a-skill scheme to link unemployed young people with adults with a skill or hobby, expeditions abroad focusing on health, arts, and sports.

Vocabulary

Active Vocabulary:

Ex. 11. Look at the active words of the Unit, put them into your personal dictionaries, give their Russian equivalents and try to remember them.

Table 4

Ex. 12*. Study the new words of the Unit.

Attend: attend school, attend university, attend meeting, ‘attend’ means ‘be at event’, high attendance of class; a car-park attendant, with all its attendant risks. Involve: involve so much work, involve taking a chance, involve somebody in the game, involve yourself in.

Receive: receive the letter from home, receive education, receive news cheerfully, receive therapy; be on the receiving end of one’s bad mood; received notion; receiving is the crime of buying and selling stolen goods; telephone receiver.

Support: support family, support theory, support somebody, strongly support in something, difficult to support myself on this salary, can not support the heat any longer; in support of, moral support, the support of the bridge, firm supporter.

Provide: provide education, provide food, provide people with work, provide an explanation, provide for an increase in traffic; provider; provided that, providing that, I don’t mind provided he pays the bill; provident or careful and sensitive. Supervise: supervise students, supervise a group of workers, supervise diploma project; scientific supervisor; supervisory capacity; under the Rector supervision.

Ex. 13. Learn the word combinations with the verb to be.

Table 5

Ex. 14. Study the table with word-building nets.

Table 6

Ex. 15*. Study the collocations (word partners).

Table 7

identities within peer group and where much of their socializing ……. place. In large cities schoolchildren from various ethnic backgrounds integrate socially and this increases ….., mutual respect and multi-racial …… among young people.

School is also a focal point for many ….. which complement young people’s …… and vocational education. These include sport, drama, music and creative pursuits, or the ….. of particular hobbies. Many schools have developed …… and equipment for children …….. their individual talents and abilities.

Ex. 19. Say the phrases according to the model using the words from the right column.

Table 10

Ex. 20. Say what activities you know. Put them in the table.

Table 11

Ex. 21. Read the text and say if it is interesting for you. Give the Russian equivalents to the underlined words.

Test of English as a Foreign Language

TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is the American test system to evaluate the level of language skills in English acknowledged in many countries of the world. TOEFL is supervised by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) – non-state non-commercial organization based Princeton, New Jersey. TOEFL was developed for American and Canadian college and university administrations to know the level of professional knowledge of English for oversea students who plan to study in the USA and Canada. It was first introduced in 1964.

TOEFL Certificate is an obligatory document to enrollment in MBA program, to have a trainee course, to apply for a job where mastering of English is necessary. TOEFL Certificate is valid for two years. The main feature with the TOEFL exam is that it is based on the American English (AmE), so to be a TOEFL success you should understand lexical and grammar differences between American and British variants.

Since 2005 the new format - TOEFL IBT (Internet-based Test) has replaced TOEFL CBT (Computer-based Test). During 2006 all countries began to use this format. TOEFL IBT tests integrated skills, that is, grammar is not tested in one special section, but through all tasks of the test. Online registration and online results simplify the test. TOEFL tests basic skills of an applicant in 4 language sections: Speaking, Listening, Reading and Writing. The time for tests is 4 hours.

Reading

Ex. 22. A) Read the text and compare British system of education with the Russian one according to the following guidelines:

1)the general school aims and goals,

2)school priorities,

3)full time and part time education,

4)opportunities to go on with education and its special features,

5)financial support for students.

SIXTEEN AND AFTER: Education in Great Britain

Sixteen is a crucial age when young men and women have to decide whether to stay at school, go on to a college, to look for a job, or to start a training program. All have to think about getting employment in a job market which demands increasingly skilled workers and professionals. The government is keen that more young people should stay on at school and college for the period between 16 and 18, not just to do academic work but also to get practical skills which will prepare them for employment. Youth Training program was established by the government to help young people to get vocational experience guaranteeing a place on the scheme to everybody under 18 who were not in full-time education or in work.

Colleges of further education offer more vocationally oriented courses for 16 to 18 year-olds in various occupations such as business, engineering, administration, catering and tourism. Vocational qualifications are divided into units of study, including work experience, and provide students with evidence of occupational competence in a specific field. Students can build up units at their own pace, with no time limits – which make them flexible for training people at work or about to start work.

General vocational qualifications are designed primarily for young people in full time education in colleges. They offer a broad-based education for a range of related jobs within an occupational area such as business, arts and design or

health and social care. They also provide a ladder towards higher levels of study, including higher education, and to employment.

After their period in school or college young people have the opportunity to go on to higher education in university, polytechnic, or college, provided they have good ‘A’ level exam results or good passes in vocational qualification like the BTEC national diploma. Higher education courses usually lasts three years (or four years in ’sandwich’ courses involving a year spent in industry or in another country, for example). Most higher education students receive some financial support from LEAs, with the rest of their money made up through parental support or through the Students Loan Company set up by central government to provide subsidized loans for students. In certain cases large companies sponsor students in their degree courses. The Armed Forces also sponsor selected students through University Cadetship and Bursaries.

Another option is to become self-employed. It is not easy, as high proportion of business starts-up fails during their first year. However a number of organizations offer grants as well as start-up advice. They help unemployed and disadvantaged 18 to 29 year-olds set up viable businesses and provides grants and loans to both individuals and groups. The Livewire scheme sponsored by the Shell helps young people between 16 to 25 with advice and cash awards to start business enterprises. The Business Enterprises Program provides training in skills needed to run small businesses.

B) Find the English equivalents from the text to the following Russian words:

управлять, обеспечивать, кредиты, производственный опыт, общественное питание, профессиональная компетенция, занятость, критический возраст, безработные, деловые начинания, поддержка родителей, программа подготовки, длиться три года, полное среднее образование, рынок труда, быть заинтересованным (очень хотеть), при условии, выстроить занятия для собственной траектории обучения, широкое образование для круга взаимосвязанный между собой профессий, оставшаяся сумма денег, Студенческая кредитная компания, альтернатива, денежные субсидии, управлять малыми предприятиями, Система университетских стипендиатов и стипендий, жизнеспособный.

C) Match the following words with their highlighted synonyms in the text:

more and more, get, if, professionally, chances, organized, qualified, adaptive, help, experience, stop working, donate, freelance, unsuccessful, family, variety, reasonable, important, choose, reserving, profession, level, scholarship, credit, first of all, give, require.

Ex. 23*. Read and translate the text with the help of a dictionary paying attention to the highlighted words.

STUDENT LIFE AND CUSTOMS

We lack sufficient evidence to make many statements about student life in ancient times. What we know of the life of the students, the connection between flogging and learning was the feature – “he that is not flogged cannot be taught”.

With the Greeks much of the instruction given to the young was in the nature of that which we should call supervised sport. So the student life for the young was happy and entertaining. The Greek boy played ball, flew kites and rolled marbles, and engaged in similar recreations.

As he grew older, he attended the gymnasia, which were open-air exercising ground. Here he got instruction in running, wrestling, boxing, spear throwing, jumping and hurdling the discos. Horse-back riding and chariot driving were also part of his instruction. Oratory and music came nearer than other subjects to academic work in our sense of the word.

The Roman schools partook a little more of the nature of actual classrooms, though in most cases they were merely a sort of pergola. But seemingly more systematic classroom work was done by the Romans. When the Church and monastic school did begin to come to existence, they were looked upon the places where in general boys were to be prepared for the service of the Church. Almost every sport to which a boy of the time might turn was prohibited under the severest penalties. Flogging, even of young men of 18, was common.

In spite of the extreme repression the boys committed numerous offenses in the schoolrooms and chapel. When they got a chance to getaway from the strict supervision of the teacher, they went in for all kinds of prohibited sports.

It was in the medieval universities that we first hear of those student groups which gave colour to a real student life.

Ex. 24. Read the texts and complete the tables below.

An increasing number of students are thinking of going overseas to study for a degree. We focus on five English-speaking countries, examining what they have to offer and why the students might choose to study there.

Study in Australia

Free spirited Australia has been opened to migration for many years. Now the country has people from around the world. Overseas visitors easily feel at home in multi-cultural Australian life. Its high level of public safety is also very attractive to international students and their families. Most of the national, publicly-owned universities are of high standards. However, some of them are very well-known for their research into the environment and sport science.

Study in the UK

Many students are attracted to Britain by its long history of literature, from Chaucer and Shakespeare to Bridget Jones and Harry Potter. But beyond this, you will find a university system with one of the best reputations in the world. Universities in the UK have achievement in business, law, the sciences, the environment, philosophy, linguistics and other fields. Education in Britain is of very high standard.

Study in New Zealand

With its vast and beautiful open spaces and friendly city centres, New Zealand is a country where you can enjoy both the great outdoors and everyday life. Life here is also very affordable; lower living costs and a high standard of living make everything here very appealing. New

Zealand’s highly respected educational programmes are based on the British system. A large part of them is practical; this gives graduates both knowledge and confidence when they enter the workplace.

Study in the USA

American citizens come from all over the world. They are joined together by their language and values. Liberty and freedom are paramount in the US; nothing is seen as being more important. However, this freedom goes hand in hand with responsibility for your actions and thoughts. American students are encouraged and expected to be independent in their thinking and studies. There is a huge range of different types of institutions, which may appear rather confusing, so it is worth doing a little research first.

Study in Canada

Surveys conducted by the United Nations have repeatedly found Canada to be among the top three places in the world to live in. In addition, Canada’s largest cities, Vancouver, Toronto and

Montreal, have been recognized as word-class cities to live and work, for their cleanliness and safety, cultural activities and lifestyles. On international tests of reading, science and math, Canadian students score top marks. A Canadian degree, diploma or certificate is well regarded in business, government, and academic circles around the globe. Canada has two official languages

– English and French. Studying and living here could be your opportunity to learn both.

(From IELTS Express – Intermediate)

A) Complete the Table 11 according to the content of the text above.

Table 11

Topics mentioned

Attitude (positive/negative)

Main points to make

B) Match the information from the columns A with country from the columns B in the Table 12.

Table 12