Offi-Guid-TOEFL

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

%FSYX 8IWX 7GSVIW

7GSVI 7GEPIW

8LI 83)*0 M&8 TVSZMHIW WGSVIW MR JSYV WOMPP EVIEW

8LI XSXEP WGSVI MW XLI WYQ SJ XLI JSYV WOMPP WGSVIW

6EXMRK SJ 7TIEOMRK ERH ;VMXMRK 6IWTSRWIW

7TIEOMRK

6IWTSRWIW XS EPP WM\ 7TIEOMRK XEWOW EVI HMKMXEPP] VIGSVHIH ERH WIRX XS )87tW 3RPMRI 7GSVMRK 2IX[SVO 8LI VIWTSRWIW JVSQ IEGL XIWX XEOIV EVI WGSVIH F] XS HMJJIVIRX GIVXMJMIH VEXIVW 8LI VIWTSRWI JSV IEGL XEWO MW VEXIH SR E WGEPI JVSQ XS EGGSVHMRK XS 6YFVMGW SR TEKIW i 8LI EZIVEKI SJ EPP WM\ VEXMRKW MW GSRZIVXIH XS E WGEPIH WGSVI SJ XS

6EXIVW PMWXIR JSV XLI JSPPS[MRK JIEXYVIW MR XIWX XEOIV VIWTSRWIW

F(IPMZIV] ,S[ GPIEV [EW XLI WTIIGL# +SSH VIWTSRWIW EVI JPYMH ERH GPIEV [MXL KSSH TVSRYRGMEXMSR REXYVEP TEGMRK ERH REXYVEP WSYRHMRK MRXSRE XMSR TEXXIVRW

F0ERKYEKI YWI ,S[ IJJIGXMZIP] HSIW XLI XIWX XEOIV YWI KVEQQEV ERH ZSGEF YPEV] XS GSRZI] MHIEW# 6EXIVW HIXIVQMRI XLI XIWX XEOIVtW EFMPMX] XS GSRXVSP FSXL FEWMG ERH QSVI GSQTPI\ PERKYEKI WXVYGXYVIW ERH YWI ETTVSTVMEXI ZSGEFYPEV]

F8STMG HIZIPSTQIRX ,S[ JYPP] HS XIWX XEOIVW ERW[IV XLI UYIWXMSR ERH LS[ GSLIVIRXP] HS XLI] TVIWIRX XLIMV MHIEW# ,S[ [IPP HMH XLI XIWX XEOIV W]R XLIWM^I ERH WYQQEVM^I XLI MRJSVQEXMSR MR XLI MRXIKVEXIH XEWOW# +SSH VIWTSRWIW KIRIVEPP] YWI EPP SV QSWX SJ XLI XMQI EPPSXXIH ERH XLI VIPEXMSR WLMT FIX[IIR MHIEW ERH XLI TVSKVIWWMSR JVSQ SRI MHIE XS XLI RI\X EVI GPIEV ERH IEW] XS JSPPS[

-X MW MQTSVXERX XS RSXI XLEX VEXIVW HS RSX I\TIGX XIWX XEOIVWt VIWTSRWIW XS FI TIVJIGX )ZIR LMKL WGSVMRK VIWTSRWIW QE] GSRXEMR SGGEWMSREP IVVSVW ERH QMRSV TVSFPIQW MR ER] SJ XLI XLVII EVIEW HIWGVMFIH EFSZI

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

;VMXMRK

6IWTSRWIW XS EPP [VMXMRK XEWOW EPWS EVI WIRX XS )87tW 3RPMRI 7GSVMRK 2IX[SVO 8LI VIWTSRWIW EVI VEXIH F] XS GIVXMJMIH VEXIVW SR E WGSVI WGEPI SJ XS EGGSVHMRK XS XLI 6YFVMGW SR TEKIW i ERH i 8LI EZIVEKI SJ XLI WGSVIW SR XLI X[S [VMXMRK XEWOW MW GSRZIVXIH XS E WGEPIH WGSVI SJ XS

F8LI VIWTSRWI XS XLI MRXIKVEXIH [VMXMRK XEWO MW WGSVIH SR XLI UYEPMX] SJ [VMXMRK SVKERM^EXMSR ETTVSTVMEXI ERH TVIGMWI YWI SJ KVEQQEV ERH ZSGEF YPEV] ERH XLI GSQTPIXIRIWW ERH EGGYVEG] SJ XLI GSRXIRX

F8LI MRHITIRHIRX [VMXMRK IWWE] MW WGSVIH SR XLI SZIVEPP UYEPMX] SJ XLI [VMXMRK HIZIPSTQIRX SVKERM^EXMSR ERH ETTVSTVMEXI ERH TVIGMWI YWI SJ KVEQQEV ERH ZSGEFYPEV]

-X MW MQTSVXERX XS RSXI XLEX XLI VEXIVW VIGSKRM^I XLEX XLI VIWTSRWIW EVI JMVWX HVEJXW 8LI] HS RSX I\TIGX XIWX XEOIVW XS TVSHYGI E [IPP VIWIEVGLIH GSQTVILIR WMZI IWWE] *SV XLEX VIEWSR XIWX XEOIVW GER IEVR E LMKL WGSVI [MXL E VIWTSRWI XLEX GSRXEMRW WSQI IVVSVW

7GSVI 6ITSVXW

8LI WGSVI VITSVXW RS[ TVSZMHI FIXXIV MRJSVQEXMSR XLER IZIV EFSYX E WXYHIRXtW VIEHMRIWW XS TEVXMGMTEXI ERH WYGGIIH MR EGEHIQMG WXYHMIW MR ER )RKPMWL WTIEOMRK WIXXMRK 7GSVI VITSVXW MRGPYHI

F JSYV WOMPP WGSVIW

F XSXEP WGSVI

7GSVIW EVI VITSVXIH SRPMRI FYWMRIWW HE]W EJXIV XLI XIWX 8IWX XEOIVW GER ZMI[ XLIMV WGSVIW SRPMRI JVII SJ GLEVKI 'SPPIKIW YRMZIVWMXMIW ERH EKIRGMIW GER EPWS ZMI[ WGSVIW SRPMRI [LIR I\EQMRIIW LEZI WIPIGXIH XLIQ EW E WGSVI VIGMTMIRX 4ETIV GSTMIW SJ WGSVI VITSVXW [MPP FI QEMPIH WLSVXP] EJXIV XLI WGSVIW EVI TSWXIH SRPMRI 7GSVI VITSVXW EPWS MRGPYHI TIVJSVQERGI JIIHFEGO XLEX MRHMGEXIW [LIXLIV E XIWX XEOIVtW TIVJSVQERGI [EW LMKL QIHMYQ SV PS[ ERH HIWGVMFIW [LEX XIWX XEOIVW MR XLIWI WGSVI VERKIW ORS[ ERH GER HS [MXL XLI )RKPMWL PERKYEKI -R XLI JYXYVI TIV JSVQERGI JIIHFEGO [MPP EPWS MRGPYHI WYKKIWXMSRW JSV MQTVSZIQIRX

7GSVI 6IUYMVIQIRXW

)EGL MRWXMXYXMSR WIXW MXW S[R VIUYMVIQIRXW JSV 83)*0 M&8 WGSVIW 8IWX XEOIVW WLSYPH GSRWYPX XLIMV XEVKIX MRWXMXYXMSRW XS HIXIVQMRI XLIMV WTIGMJMG 83)*0 M&8 WGSVI VIUYMVIQIRXW % PMWX SJ GSPPIKIW YRMZIVWMXMIW ERH EKIRGMIW XLEX EGGITX 83)*0 WGSVIW ERH E PMWX SJ MRWXMXYXMSREP WGSVI VIUYMVIQIRXW VITSVXIH XS )87 GER FI SFXEMRIH EX [[[ IXW SVK XSIJP

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

7EQTPI 83)*0 M&8 7GSVI 6ITSVX

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

+IRIVEP 7OMPP FYMPHMRK 8MTW

8LI FIWX [E] JSV )RKPMWL PERKYEKI PIEVRIVW XS HIZIPST XLI WOMPPW QIEWYVIH F] XLI 83)*0 M&8 MW XS IRVSPP MR ER )RKPMWL PERKYEKI PIEVRMRK TVSKVEQ XLEX TVSZMHIW MRWXVYGXMSR MR

FVIEHMRK WTIEOMRK PMWXIRMRK ERH [VMXMRK WOMPPW [MXL ER IQTLEWMW SR WTIEOMRK

FMRXIKVEXIH WOMPPW ETTVSEGL I K MRWXVYGXMSR XLEX FYMPHW WOMPPW MR PMWXIRMRK VIEHMRK WTIEOMRK PMWXIRMRK VIEHMRK [VMXMRK

-R EHHMXMSR XS XLI EHZMGI JSV MQTVSZIQIRX PMWXIH MR %TTIRHM\ SJ XLMW FSSO )87 LEW GVIEXIH XLI JSPPS[MRK XMTW JSV WXYHIRXW FYX XLI] EPWS GSRXEMR MRJSVQEXMSR YWIJYP XS XIEGLIVW

6IEHMRK 8MTW

)RKPMWL PERKYEKI PIEVRIVW GER MQTVSZI XLIMV VIEHMRK WOMPPW F] VIEHMRK VIKYPEVP] IWTIGMEPP] YRMZIVWMX] XI\XFSSOW SV SXLIV QEXIVMEPW XLEX GSZIV E ZEVMIX] SJ WYFNIGX EVIEW I K WGMIRGIW WSGMEP WGMIRGIW EVXW FYWMRIWW IXG ERH EVI [VMXXIR MR ER EGEHIQMG WX]PI % [MHI ZEVMIX] SJ EGEHIQMG XI\XW EVI EZEMPEFPI SR XLI -RXIVRIX EW [IPP EW MR QEKE^MRIW ERH NSYVREPW

6IEHMRK XS *MRH -RJSVQEXMSR

F7GER TEWWEKIW XS JMRH ERH LMKLPMKLX OI] JEGXW HEXIW RYQFIVW XIVQW ERH MRJSVQEXMSR

F 4VEGXMGI JVIUYIRXP] XS MRGVIEWI VIEHMRK VEXI ERH JPYIRG]

6IEHMRK JSV &EWMG 'SQTVILIRWMSR

F -RGVIEWI ZSGEFYPEV] *PEWLGEVHW GER LIPT

F4VEGXMGI WOMQQMRK E TEWWEKI UYMGOP] XS KIX E KIRIVEP MQTVIWWMSR SJ XLI QEMR MHIE MRWXIEH SJ GEVIJYPP] VIEHMRK IEGL [SVH ERH IEGL WIRXIRGI

F9RHIVPMRI EPP TVSRSYRW I K LI LMQ XLI] XLIQ IXG ERH MHIRXMJ] XLI RSYRW XS [LMGL XLI] VIJIV MR XLI TEWWEKI

F4VEGXMGI QEOMRK MRJIVIRGIW ERH HVE[MRK GSRGPYWMSRW FEWIH SR [LEX MW MQTPMIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW E [LSPI

4VEGXMGI ]SYV VIEHMRK WOMPPW

[MXL 83)*0 4VEGXMGI 3RPMRI EX [[[ IXW SVK XSIJPTVEGXMGI ERH VIGIMZI MRWXERX

WGSVIW XS GSRJMVQ ]SY EVI VIEH] JSV XIWX HE]

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

2SXIW

8LI 6IEHMRK WIGXMSR HSIW RSX QIEWYVI WYQQEVM^MRK WOMPPW FYX TVEGXMGMRK XLIQ

FYMPHW XLI WOMPPW VIUYMVIH JSV XLI MRXIKVEXIH XEWOW MR XLI 7TIEOMRK ERH ;VMXMRK

WIGXMSRW

6IEHMRK XS 0IEVR

F-HIRXMJ] XLI TEWWEKI X]TI I K GEYWI IJJIGX GSQTEVI GSRXVEWX GPEWWMJMGE XMSR TVSFPIQ WSPYXMSR HIWGVMTXMSR REVVEXMSR IXG ERH MXW SVKERM^EXMSR

F 3VKERM^I XLI MRJSVQEXMSR MR XLI TEWWEKI

X'VIEXI ER SYXPMRI SJ XLI TEWWEKI XS HMWXMRKYMWL FIX[IIR QENSV ERH QMRSV TSMRXW

X-J XLI TEWWEKI GEXIKSVM^IW MRJSVQEXMSR GVIEXI E GLEVX ERH TPEGI XLI MRJSVQEXMSR MR ETTVSTVMEXI GEXIKSVMIW

3R XLI 83)*0 M&8 XIWX XEOIVW HS RSX LEZI XS GVIEXI WYGL E GLEVX -RWXIEH E GLEVX

[MXL TSWWMFPI ERW[IV GLSMGIW MW TVSZMHIH JSV XLIQ ERH XLI] EVI VIUYMVIH XS JMPP

MR XLI GLEVX [MXL XLI GSVVIGX GLSMGIW 4VEGXMGMRK XLMW WOMPP [MPP LIPT XIWX XEOIVW

XLMRO EFSYX GEXIKSVM^MRK MRJSVQEXMSR ERH FI EFPI XS HS WS [MXL IEWI

F'VIEXI ER SVEP SV [VMXXIR WYQQEV] SJ XLI TEWWEKI YWMRK XLI GLEVXW ERH SYXPMRIW

F4EVETLVEWI MRHMZMHYEP WIRXIRGIW MR E TEWWEKI 8LIR TEVETLVEWI IRXMVI TEVEKVETLW

0MWXIRMRK 8MTW

0MWXIRMRK XS XLI )RKPMWL PERKYEKI JVIUYIRXP] ERH VIEHMRK E [MHI ZEVMIX] SJ EGE HIQMG QEXIVMEPW MW XLI FIWX [E] XS MQTVSZI PMWXIRMRK WOMPPW

;EXGLMRK QSZMIW ERH XIPIZMWMSR ERH PMWXIRMRK XS XLI VEHMS TVSZMHI I\GIPPIRX STTSVXYRMXMIW XS FYMPH PMWXIRMRK WOMPPW %YHMSXETIW ERH '(W SJ PIGXYVIW ERH TVI WIRXEXMSRW EVI IUYEPP] ZEPYEFPI ERH EVI EZEMPEFPI EX PMFVEVMIW ERH FSSOWXSVIW 8LSWI [MXL XVERWGVMTXW EVI TEVXMGYPEVP] LIPTJYP 8LI -RXIVRIX MW EPWS E KVIEX VIWSYVGI JSV PMWXIRMRK QEXIVMEP I K [[[ RTV SVK SV [[[ FFG GS YO VEHMS SV

[[[ FFG GS YO [SVPHWIVZMGI PIEVRMRKIRKPMWL

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

0MWXIRMRK JSV &EWMG 'SQTVILIRWMSR

F -RGVIEWI ZSGEFYPEV]

F*SGYW SR XLI GSRXIRX ERH JPS[ SJ WTSOIR QEXIVMEP (S RSX FI HMWXVEGXIH F] XLI WTIEOIVtW WX]PI ERH HIPMZIV]

F %RXMGMTEXI [LEX E TIVWSR MW KSMRK XS WE] EW E [E] XS WXE] JSGYWIH

F7XE] EGXMZI F] EWOMRK ]SYVWIPJ UYIWXMSRW I K ;LEX QEMR MHIE MW XLI TVS JIWWSV GSQQYRMGEXMRK#

F'ST] XLI [SVHW qQEMR MHIE r qQENSV TSMRXW r ERH qMQTSVXERX HIXEMPWr SR HMJJIVIRX PMRIW SJ TETIV 0MWXIR GEVIJYPP] ERH [VMXI XLIWI HS[R [LMPI PMW XIRMRK 'SRXMRYI PMWXIRMRK YRXMP EPP MQTSVXERX TSMRXW ERH HIXEMPW EVI [VMX

XIR HS[R ERH XLIR VIZMI[ XLIQ

F0MWXIR XS E TSVXMSR SJ E PIGXYVI SV XEPO ERH GVIEXI ER SYXPMRI SJ MQTSVXERX TSMRXW 9WI XLI SYXPMRI XS [VMXI E FVMIJ WYQQEV] +VEHYEPP] MRGVIEWI XLI EQSYRX SJ XLI TVIWIRXEXMSR ]SY YWI XS [VMXI XLI WYQQEV]

2SXIW

8LI 6IEHMRK WIGXMSR QIEWYVIW XLI EFMPMX] XS VIGSKRM^I TEVETLVEWIW 8LI EFMPMX] XS TEVETLVEWI MW EPWS MQTSVXERX JSV XLI MRXIKVEXIH XEWOW MR XLI ;VMXMRK ERH 7TIEOMRK WIGXMSRW SJ XLI XIWX

8LI 0MWXIRMRK WIGXMSR HSIW RSX QIEWYVI WYQQEVM^MRK WOMPPW FYX TVEGXMGMRK WYQQEVM^MRK WOMPPW MW YWIJYP JSV XLI MRXIKVEXIH XEWOW MR XLI 7TIEOMRK ERH ;VMXMRK

WIGXMSRW

0MWXIRMRK JSV 4VEKQEXMG 9RHIVWXERHMRK

F8LMRO EFSYX [LEX IEGL WTIEOIV LSTIW XS EGGSQTPMWL ;LEX MW XLI TYVTSWI SJ XLI WTIIGL SV GSRZIVWEXMSR# -W XLI WTIEOIV ETSPSKM^MRK GSQTPEMRMRK SV QEOMRK WYKKIWXMSRW#

F2SXMGI IEGL WTIEOIVtW WX]PI -W XLI PERKYEKI JSVQEP SV GEWYEP# ,S[ GIVXEMR HSIW IEGL WTIEOIV WSYRH# -W XLI WTIEOIVtW ZSMGI GEPQ SV IQSXMSREP# ;LEX HSIW XLI WTIEOIVtW XSRI SJ ZSMGI XIPP ]SY#

F2SXMGI XLI WTIEOIVtW HIKVII SJ GIVXEMRX] ,S[ WYVI MW XLI WTIEOIV EFSYX XLI MRJSVQEXMSR# (SIW XLI WTIEOIVtW XSRI SJ ZSMGI MRHMGEXI WSQIXLMRK EFSYX LMW LIV HIKVII SJ GIVXEMRX]#

F 0MWXIR JSV GLERKIW MR XSTMG SV HMKVIWWMSRW

F;EXGL E VIGSVHIH 8: SV QSZMI GSQIH] 4E] GEVIJYP EXXIRXMSR XS XLI [E] WXVIWW ERH MRXSREXMSR TEXXIVRW EVI YWIH XS GSRZI] QIERMRK

4VEKQEXMG YRHIVWXERHMRK 8S YRHIVWXERH E WTIEOIVtW TYVTSWI EXXMXYHI HIKVII SJ GIVXEMRX] IXG(MKVIWWMSRW 7MHI GSQQIRXW MR [LMGL XLI WTIEOIV FVMIJP] QSZIW E[E] JVSQ XLI QEMR XSTMG ERH XLIR VIXYVRW

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

0MWXIRMRK XS 'SRRIGX ERH 7]RXLIWM^I -HIEW

F8LMRO EFSYX LS[ XLI PIGXYVI ]SYtVI LIEVMRK MW SVKERM^IH 0MWXIR JSV XLI WMKREP [SVHW XLEX MRHMGEXI XLI MRXVSHYGXMSR QENSV WXITW SV MHIEW I\EQ TPIW ERH XLI GSRGPYWMSR SV WYQQEV]

F -HIRXMJ] XLI VIPEXMSRWLMTW FIX[IIR MHIEW 4SWWMFPI VIPEXMSRWLMTW MRGPYHI GEYWI IJJIGX GSQTEVI GSRXVEWX ERH WXITW MR E TVSGIWW

F 0MWXIR JSV [SVHW XLEX WLS[ GSRRIGXMSRW ERH VIPEXMSRWLMTW FIX[IIR MHIEW

F0MWXIR XS VIGSVHIH QEXIVMEP ERH WXST XLI VIGSVHMRK EX ZEVMSYW TSMRXW 4VIHMGX [LEX MRJSVQEXMSR SV MHIE [MPP FI I\TVIWWIH RI\X

F'VIEXI ER SYXPMRI SJ XLI MRJSVQEXMSR HMWGYWWIH [LMPI PMWXIRMRK SV EJXIV PMW XIRMRK

4VEGXMGI ]SYV PMWXIRMRK WOMPPW

[MXL 83)*0 4VEGXMGI 3RPMRI EX [[[ IXW SVK XSIJPTVEGXMGI ERH VIGIMZI MRWXERX

WGSVIW XS GSRJMVQ ]SY EVI VIEH] JSV XIWX HE]

7TIEOMRK 8MTW

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

-RHITIRHIRX 7TIEOMRK 8EWOW

F 1EOI E PMWX SJ XSTMGW XLEX EVI JEQMPMEV ERH TVEGXMGI WTIEOMRK EFSYX XLIQ

F (IWGVMFI E JEQMPMEV TPEGI SV VIGSYRX E TIVWSREP I\TIVMIRGI

F 0EXIV WXEXI ER STMRMSR SV E TVIJIVIRGI ERH TVIWIRX GPIEV HIXEMPIH VIEWSRW JSV MX

F 1EOI E VIGSQQIRHEXMSR ERH I\TPEMR [L] MX MW XLI FIWX [E] XS TVSGIIH

F 4VEGXMGI KMZMRK SRI QMRYXI VIWTSRWIW XS XSTMGW

7]RXLIWM^I 8S GSQFMRI MRJSVQEXMSR JVSQ X[S SV QSVI WSYVGIW MRXIKVEXIH 7TIEOMRK XEWOW SR XLI 83)*0 M&8 XIWX

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

-RXIKVEXIH 7TIEOMRK 8EWOW

F*MRH E XI\XFSSO XLEX MRGPYHIW UYIWXMSRW EFSYX XLI QEXIVMEP EX XLI IRH SJ GLETXIVW ERH TVEGXMGI ERW[IVMRK XLI UYIWXMSRW SVEPP]

F6IEH E WLSVX EVXMGPI i [SVHW 1EOI ER SYXPMRI XLEX MRGPYHIW SRP] XLI QENSV TSMRXW SJ XLI EVXMGPI 9WI XLI SYXPMRI XS SVEPP] WYQQEVM^I XLI MRJSVQEXMSR

F*MRH PMWXIRMRK ERH VIEHMRK QEXIVMEP SR XLI WEQI XSTMG GSZIVIH F] XLI EVXMGPI 8LI QEXIVMEP GER GSRXEMR WMQMPEV SV HMJJIVIRX ZMI[W 8LI -RXIVRIX ERH XLI PMFVEV] EVI KSSH TPEGIW XS JMRH MRJSVQEXMSR 8EOI RSXIW SV GVIEXI SYXPMRIW SR XLI PMWXIRMRK ERH VIEHMRK QEXIVMEP

X3VEPP] WYQQEVM^I XLI MRJSVQEXMSR MR FSXL XLI [VMXXIR ERH WTSOIR QEXIVMEPW &I WYVI XS TEVETLVEWI YWMRK HMJJIVIRX [SVHW ERH KVEQQEXM GEP WXVYGXYVIW

X 3VEPP] W]RXLIWM^I XLI QEXIVMEP F] GSQFMRMRK XLI MRJSVQEXMSR JVSQ XLI VIEHMRK ERH PMWXIRMRK QEXIVMEPW ERH I\TPEMR LS[ XLI] VIPEXI

X 7XEXI ER STMRMSR EFSYX XLI MHIEW ERH MRJSVQEXMSR TVIWIRXIH MR XLI VIEH MRK ERH PMWXIRMRK QEXIVMEP ERH I\TPEMR LS[ XLI] VIPEXI

X-J XLI VIEHMRK ERH SV PMWXIRMRK QEXIVMEP HIWGVMFIW E TVSFPIQ WYKKIWX ERH I\TPEMR E WSPYXMSR XS XLI TVSFPIQ

F6IGSKRM^I XLI EXXMXYHI SJ XLI WTIEOIV SV XLI [VMXIV SJ XLI SVMKMREP QEXIVMEP XLVSYKL MRXSREXMSR WXVIWW ERH [SVH GLSMGI 8LMW LIPTW ]SY XS YRHIVWXERH XLIMV TSMRX SJ ZMI[ ERH TPER ER ETTVSTVMEXI VIWTSRWI

%PP 7TIEOMRK 8EWOW

F -RGVIEWI ZSGEFYPEV] ERH PIEVR XS YWI MHMSQEXMG WTIIGL ETTVSTVMEXIP]

F 0IEVR KVEQQEXMGEP WXVYGXYVIW ERH YWI XLIQ REXYVEPP] [LIR WTIEOMRK

F;SVO SR TVSRYRGMEXMSR MRGPYHMRK [SVH WXVIWW MRXSREXMSR TEXXIVRW ERH TEYWIW 8LIVI EVI E RYQFIV SJ TVSHYGXW ERH [IFWMXIW XLEX GER LIPT ]SY HIZIPST TVSRYRGMEXMSR WOMPPW

F;LIR TVEGXMGMRK JSV XLI 83)*0 M&8 YWMRK XLI XMTW EFSZI XEOI WIGSRHW XS XLMRO EFSYX [LEX ]SYtVI KSMRK XS WE] FIJSVI ]SY WTIEO ;VMXI HS[R E JI[ OI] [SVHW ERH MHIEW FYX HS RSX EXXIQTX XS [VMXI HS[R I\EGXP] [LEX ]SY EVI KSMRK XS WE] 6EXIVW [MPP FI EFPI XS HIXIGX VIWTSRWIW XLEX EVI VIEH ERH KMZI XLIQ E PS[IV VEXMRK

F9WI WMKREP [SVHW ERH I\TVIWWMSRW XS MRXVSHYGI RI[ MRJSVQEXMSR SV MHIEW XS GSRRIGX MHIEW ERH XS QEVO MQTSVXERX [SVHW SV MHIEW 8LMW [MPP LIPT XLI PMWXIRIV IEWMP] JSPPS[ [LEX ]SY EVI WE]MRK *SV I\EQTPI qSR XLI SRI LERH r qFYX SR XLI SXLIV LERH r q[LEX XLEX QIERW MW r q8LI JMVWX VIEWSR MW r qERSXLIV HMJJIVIRGI MW r

8EOMRK RSXIW SR XLI VIEHMRK ERH PMWXIRMRK QEXIVMEP MR XLI MRXIKVEXIH 7TIEOMRK XEWOW SR XLI 83)*0 M&8 XIWX MW EPPS[IH 7MRGI XLI VIEHMRK ERH PMWXIRMRK QEXIVMEP MW ZIV] FVMIJ XEOMRK RSXIW SR XLI QEXIVMEP QE] RSX FI RIGIWWEV] ,S[IZIV XLI EGXMZMX] HIWGVMFIH EFSZI [MPP LIPT XIWX XEOIVW TVITEVI JSV IRXIVMRK XLI EGEHIQMG WIXXMRK -J XIWX XEOIVW GER HS XLMW [IPP XLI] [MPP QSWX PMOIP] WYGGIIH SR XLI MRXIKVEXIH 7TIEOMRK XEWOW SR XLI 83)*0 M&8 XIWX

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

F1EOI VIGSVHMRKW SJ XLI EFSZI EGXMZMXMIW ERH IZEPYEXI ]SYV IJJSVX F] EWOMRK ]SYVWIPJ XLIWI UYIWXMSRW

X (MH - GSQTPIXI XLI XEWO#

X (MH - WTIEO GPIEVP]#

X (MH - QEOI KVEQQEXMGEP IVVSVW#

X (MH - YWI [SVHW GSVVIGXP]#

X (MH - SVKERM^I Q] MHIEW GPIEVP] ERH ETTVSTVMEXIP]#

X (MH - YWI XLI XMQI IJJIGXMZIP]#

X (MH - WTIEO XSS JEWX SV XSS WPS[P]#

X (MH - TEYWI XSS SJXIR#

F1SRMXSV ]SYV TVSKVIWW ERH EWO ER )RKPMWL XIEGLIV SV XYXSV XS IZEPYEXI ]SYV WTIIGL YWMRK XLI ETTVSTVMEXI 83)*0 M&8 7TIEOMRK 6YFVMGW 7II TEKIW i JSV XLI 6YFVMGW

4VEGXMGI ]SYV WTIEOMRK WOMPPW

[MXL 83)*0 4VEGXMGI 3RPMRI EX [[[ IXW SVK XSIJPTVEGXMGI ERH VIGIMZI MRWXERX

WGSVIW XS GSRJMVQ XLEX ]SY EVI VIEH] JSV XIWX HE]

8S TVEGXMGI ]SYV TVSRYRGMEXMSR WOMPPW YWI 4VSRYRGMEXMSR MR )RKPMWL EX

[[[ IXW SVK XWI TMI LXQP

;VMXMRK 8MTW

-RXIKVEXIH ;VMXMRK 8EWOW

F*MRH E XI\XFSSO XLEX MRGPYHIW UYIWXMSRW EFSYX XLI QEXIVMEP EX XLI IRH SJ GLETXIVW ERH TVEGXMGI [VMXMRK ERW[IVW XS XLI UYIWXMSRW

F6IEH ER EVXMGPI XLEX MW EFSYX i [SVHW PSRK 1EOI ER SYXPMRI XLEX MRGPYHIW XLI QENSV TSMRXW ERH MQTSVXERX HIXEMPW SJ XLI EVXMGPI 9WI XLI SYX PMRI XS [VMXI E WYQQEV] SJ XLI MRJSVQEXMSR ERH MHIEW 7YQQEVMIW WLSYPH FI FVMIJ ERH GPIEVP] GSQQYRMGEXI SRP] XLI QENSV TSMRXW ERH MQTSVXERX HIXEMPW &I WYVI XS TEVETLVEWI YWMRK HMJJIVIRX [SVHW ERH KVEQQEXMGEP WXVYGXYVIW

F*MRH PMWXIRMRK ERH VIEHMRK QEXIVMEP SR E WMRKPI XSTMG SR XLI -RXIVRIX SV MR XLI PMFVEV] 8LI QEXIVMEP GER TVSZMHI WMQMPEV SV HMJJIVIRX ZMI[W 8EOI RSXIW SR XLI [VMXXIR ERH WTSOIR TSVXMSRW ERH HS XLI JSPPS[MRK

X7YQQEVM^I XLI MRJSVQEXMSR ERH MHIEW MR FSXL XLI [VMXXIR ERH WTSOIR TSVXMSRW

X7]RXLIWM^I XLI MRJSVQEXMSR ERH HMWGYWW LS[ XLI VIEHMRK ERH PMWXIRMRK QEXIVMEPW VIPEXI )\TPEMR LS[ XLI MHIEW I\TVIWWIH EVI WMQMPEV LS[ SRI MHIE I\TERHW YTSR ERSXLIV SV LS[ XLI MHIEW EVI HMJJIVIRX SV GSRXVEHMGX IEGL SXLIV

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

4EVETLVEWMRK

4EVETLVEWMRK MRZSPZIW VIWXEXMRK WSQIXLMRK JVSQ XLI WSYVGI QEXIVMEP MR SRItW S[R [SVHW 3R XLI 83)*0 M&8 XIWX XEOIVW VIGIMZI E WGSVI SJ ^IVS MJ EPP XLI] HS MW GST] [SVHW JVSQ XLI VIEHMRK TEWWEKI 4VEGXMGI TEVETLVEWMRK [SVHW TLVEWIW WIR XIRGIW ERH IRXMVI TEVEKVETLW JVIUYIRXP] YWMRK XLI JSPPS[MRK XMTW

F0IEVR XS JMRH W]RSR]QW [MXL IEWI 4MGO XS [SVHW SV TLVEWIW MR E VIEHMRK TEWWEKI ERH UYMGOP] XLMRO SJ W]RSR]QW [MXLSYX PSSOMRK XLIQ YT MR E HMGXMSREV] SV XLIWEYVYW

F;VMXI E TEVETLVEWI SJ E VIEHMRK TEWWEKI YWMRK SRP] ]SYV RSXIW -J ]SY LEZIRtX XEOIR RSXIW [VMXI XLI TEVETLVEWI [MXLSYX PSSOMRK EX XLI SVMKMREP XI\X 8LIR GLIGO XLI TEVETLVEWI [MXL XLI SVMKMREP TEWWEKI XS QEOI WYVI XLEX MX MW JEGXYEPP] EGGYVEXI ERH XLEX ]SY LEZI YWIH HMJJIVIRX [SVHW ERH KVEQQEXMGEP WXVYGXYVIW

-RHITIRHIRX ;VMXMRK 8EWOW

F 1EOI E PMWX SJ JEQMPMEV XSTMGW ERH TVEGXMGI [VMXMRK EFSYX XLIQ

F*SV IEGL XSTMG WXEXI ER STMRMSR SV E TVIJIVIRGI ERH XLIR WYTTSVX MX [MXL IZMHIRGI

F4VEGXMGI TPERRMRK ERH [VMXMRK EX PIEWX SRI IWWE] JSV IEGL XSTMG &I WYVI XS XEOI QMRYXIW XS TPER [VMXI ERH VIZMWI IEGL IWWE]

F8LMRO EFSYX ERH PMWX EPP MHIEW VIPEXIH XS E XSTMG SV XEWO FIJSVI [VMXMRK 8LMW MW EPWS GEPPIH qTVI[VMXMRK r

F-HIRXMJ] SRI QEMR MHIE ERH WSQI QENSV TSMRXW XS WYTTSVX XLEX MHIE ERH TPER LS[ XS GSQQYRMGEXI XLIQ F] GVIEXMRK JSV I\EQTPI ER SYXPMRI XS SVKERM^I MHIEW

F'VIEXI E JSGYWIH XLIWMW WXEXIQIRX ERH YWI MX XS HIZIPST XLI MHIEW TVIWIRXIH MR XLI IWWE]

F (IZIPST XLI IWWE] F] YWMRK ETTVSTVMEXI I\TPEREXMSR ERH HIXEMP

%PP ;VMXMRK 8EWOW

F-RGVIEWI ZSGEFYPEV] ERH ORS[PIHKI SJ MHMSQEXMG WTIIGL WS ]SY GER YWI MX ETTVSTVMEXIP]

F0IEVR KVEQQEXMGEP WXVYGXYVIW WS [IPP XLEX ]SY GER YWI XLIQ REXYVEPP] [LIR [VMXMRK

F0IEVR XLI GSRZIRXMSRW SJ WTIPPMRK TYRGXYEXMSR ERH PE]SYX I K TEVE KVETL GVIEXMSR

F)\TVIWW MRJSVQEXMSR MR ER SVKERM^IH QERRIV HMWTPE]MRK YRMX] SJ XLSYKLX ERH GSLIVIRGI

F9WI WMKREP [SVHW ERH TLVEWIW WYGL EW qSR XLI SRI LERHr SV qMR GSRGPY WMSR r XS GVIEXI E GPIEV WXVYGXYVI JSV ]SYV VIWTSRWI