Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Новые достижения в химии и химической технологии растительного сырья. Материалы III всероссийской конференции. Книга 3 [2007]

.pdf
Скачиваний:
30
Добавлен:
10.08.2013
Размер:
22 Мб
Скачать

3.!"#$%&'&(")*+) *&,(--(./0&1*+ .&20"% &1-1/ *)3/0&4)5,-.- '-16)75%'&8 0/ 0&3 #-9/5%)7 *):/#,& & '-10&,/;<&3 5()1/;<&3 0/- 9(8=)0&7 '-1#) 0&3;

4.>-10&,/;<&) *&,(-1-0+ #-,/#$0+3 9)().()'-' 0/ ,-0?/3 #-- 9/%-, 9)()*):&'/;<).- "5%(-75%'/, -,/1+'/;% ."2&%)#$0-) '-16)75%- '&) 0/ ,#)%,&;

5.@2$0-) 9)0--2(/1-'/0&) 0) 9-1'-#8)% &59-#$1-'/%$ ')5$ -2A- )* /99/(/%/, / 9(&*)0)0&) 3&*&4)5,-.- 9)0-./5&%)#8 50&=/)% ,/4)5%'- ,-0)40-.- 9(-6",%/ & "6-(-=/)% 9(-?)55.

B%& 0)6-5%/%,& 5'81/0+ 5 %(/'*&(")*-5%$; ,#)%-, *&,(--(./- 0&1*-' 9(& 9)()*):&'/0&&, 0)6-5%/%-40-5%$; */55--2*)0/, '+5-,&* C0)(.-9-%()2#)0&)*, 0/#&4&)* %"(2"#)0%0+3 & 1/5%-70+3 1-0. !/, &1')5%0-, 0/#&4&) 5#/2-9)()*):&'/)*+3 1/5%-70+3 1-0 -%(&?/%)#$0- 5,/1+'/)%58 0/ 9(-%),/0&& *&,(-2&-#-.&4)5,-.- 9(-?)55/, 9(&'-6&% , &0D&?&(-'/0&; ,"#$%"(+ & 50&=)0&; /,%&'0-5%& ,#)%-, [2].

E#8 9-#"4)0&8 .(&2/ 9(-6"?)0%/ 0/ (/5%&%)#$0-* 5"25%(/%) .#"- 2&00+* 59-5-2-* 9()6#/./)%58 &59-#$1-'/0&) D)(*)0%)(/, ' ,-%-(-* /C(/?&8 & 9)()*):&'/0&) 2"6)% -5"<)5%'#8%$58 1/ 54)% 5-16/0&8 ,&- 98<).- 5#-8 5()6+.

F99/(/%/* 5 ,&98<&* 5#-)* 5'-75%')00+ 5#)6";<&) 9()&*"<)5%'/:

1)1/,-0-*)(0-) &1*)0)0&) 5,-(-5%& 50&1" '')(3 6/)% '-1*-=- 0-5%$ -60-'()*)00- -2(/2/%+'/%$ %')(6+) 4/5%&?+ (/10+3 (/1*)(-' &

'()=&*/3 (/1#&40-7 &0%)05&'0-5%&;

2)'/($&(-'/0&) .)-*)%(&4)5,&*& & 5,-(-5%0+*& 9/(/*)%(/*& '-16":0+3 9-%-,-' 9-1'-#8)% 95)'6--=&=/%$ ,-*,/;<&)58 & 5#&- 9/;<&)58 */%)(&/#+.

!(-*) C%-.-, /99/(/% 5 ,&98<&* 5#-)*, ' -%#&4&) -% ,#/55&4)5,&3 "5%/0-'-, 5 *)3/0&4)5,&*& *):/#,/*&, -60-'()*)00- -2)59)4&'/)% </68<&) "5#-'&8 6#8 (-5%/ *&,(--(./0&1*-' & '+5-,&) */55--2*)0- 0+) 3/(/,%)(&5%&,&. G0%)05&'0- 6'&="<&)58 & 9)()*):&'/;<&) 4/5- %&?+ %')(6-7 D/1+, 2#/.-6/(8 5'-)7 '+5-,-7 %)9#-)*,-5%&, -2)59)4&- '/;% 3-(-:)) '+(/'0&'/0&) %)*9)(/%"(+ 9- -2A)*" /99/(/%/, 4%- 0)- */#-'/=0- 6#8 %)*9)(/%"(-4"'5%'&%)#$0+3 2&-9(-?)55-'.

!&98<&7 5#-7 ' /99/(/%) 5-16/)%58 -5)'+* & %/0.)0?&/#$0+*& 9-%-,/*& '-16"3/. H(-?)55 ,"#$%&'&(-'/0&8 5-5%-&% &1 6'"3 ()."#8(- 0- 4)()6";<&358 C%/9-'. I/ -60-* C%/9) 9(-&53-6&% &0%)05&'0-) 95)'6--=&=)0&) '5)7 2&-*/55+, 4%- -2)59)4&'/)% '+5-,"; (/5%'-(&- *-5%$ & 5,-(-5%$ 6&DD"1&& ,&5#-(-6/, /,%&'0+7 ,-0%/,% *&,(--(./- 0&1*-' 5 5"25%(/%-*. >%-(-7 C%/9 9(-?)55/ -5"<)5%'#8)%58 ' D$%-

140

!"#$%& !%'(&% )!%*+, ,!( -./.!.& (*%/ ,!.0%)) !.)/1 -1- )"2)/!1/- 3.4., /1- ( 5.6*"73.4. &(0%8(9 (-.3(*(:). ;.5&%$%3(% .)%5.4. ( /13- 4%30(18<3.4. ,.*5.*1 5.6*"=1 5 !12.>"# -1&%!" 3% /.8<-. (3/%3)(?(- 0(!"%/ /%,8.- ( &1))..2&%33+% =1!1-/%!()/(-( ,!.0%))1, 3. ( .2%),%- >(51%/ !153.&%!3.% ,%!%&%7(513(% ?%!&%3/1/(53.: )!%*+, >/. (&%%/ 2.8<7%% 631>%3(% *89 /%=3.8.4((.

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

B!.1318(6(!.515 3+3% *%:)/5"#$%% .2.!"*.513(% *89 -"8</(5(- !.513(9 &(0%8(18<3+= 4!(2.5 31 /5%!*.?163+= )"2)/!1/1=, &.'3. )*%81/< 5+5.* . 3%.2=.*(&.)/( ,!.%-/(!.513(9 3.5.4. 2.8%% ,!.(65.- *(/%8<3.4. ( C-.3.&(>3.4. 2(.!%1-/.!1, .2%),%>(51#$%4. 5+=.* -1- >%)/5%33.4. ,!.*"-/1 5 3%.2=.*(&+= .2D%&1=. E8</%!31/(5.: 5 *13- 3.& )8">1% &.'%/ )/1/< 2(.8.4(>%)-(: 1,,1!1/ ) -(,9$(& )8.%&,

.2%),%>(51#$(: 5+).-(% -.8(>%)/5%33+% ( -1>%)/5%33+% ,.-161/%8( 4./.5.4. ,!.*"-/1.

!"#$%'%&

1.@1?1!.5 F.F., F(31!.5 E.G., H.!*%%5 I.;. J.*%8(!.513(% 2(.=(&(- >%)-(= !%1-/.!.5. J., 1979. 344 ).

2.F(31!.5 E.G., H.!*%%5 I.;., @"=1!%3-. E.E., B13?(8.5 F.K. L%!- &%3/10(.3319 1,,1!1/"!1 *89 ,!.0%)).5 &(-!.2(.8.4(>%)-.4. )(3/%- 61 / ,.* !%*. F.E. M+-.51. J., 2005. 278 ).

3.N+!%3.5 F.O. P)3.5+ 2(./%=3.8.4((: @"8</(5(!.513(% (6.8(!.513- 3+= -8%/.- ( /-13%: !1)/%3(:: ">%23.-&%/.*(>%)-.% ,.).2(%. Q813-

Q*C, 2003. 58 ).

4.F(%)/"! Q.R., @"63%0.5 E.J., ;15%3-.5 F.F. ;()/%&+ ?%!&%3/10((.

S(41, 1986. 174 ).

5.I.41>%51 P.E., ;16.3.51 F.T., U1/"!(31 I.B. F5%*%3(% 5 2(./%=3.8.- 4(#: &%/.*(>%)-(% "-1613(9. @!1)3.9!)-, 1998. 28 ).

141

!"#$#%"&'()*+ ,#-".")*/"+ %"-0#$"12#%# $"%2"2*

".". !34536-)36789:;<=, ,.*. 1<>?9@AB>@C5

!"#$%&''()* +$'&,-%'./"001* ."20$#$+)3"'()* &0)/"%')."., . 4/"%,#$/-, 13-, 5)0'(, 220050 (6"'7&8#)(- !"#-%&'9)

E-mail: iryna_kandy@mail.ru

!"#$%$& "'($)*+$,-."& /#&,&'".0 , 1&2.$)$3"42 2"5"6&'%$7 (&- #-8$1%" " $/.$,#&5&..$ ,$+#-'1-9:"& 1#&8$,-."4 ($ $2#-.& $%#;- <-9:&7 '#&/0 $8;')-,)",-91 .&$82$/"5$'1* (#$,&/&."4 "'')&/$,--

."7, %$.&6.$7 =&)*9 %$1$#02 4,)4&1'4 #-+#-8$1%- 1&2.$)$3"6&'%"2 (#$=&''$, >??&%1",.$3$ "'($)*+$,-."4 ,'&7 8"$5-''0 /#&,&'".0. @"5"6&'%-4 (-8$1%- /#&,&'.$3$ 5-1"-)- 1&'.$ ',4+-.- ' (#$- 8)&5$7 ;1")"+-="" $12$/$,, $'.$,.05 "+ %$1$#02 4,)4&1'4 1&2."6&- '%"7 3"/#$)"+.07 )"3."..

A/."5 "+ ('(&%1",.02 .-(#-,)&."7 ;1")"+-="" 3"/#$)"+.$3$ )"3.".- 4,)4&1'4 ($);6&."& "+ .&3$ 8"$)$3"6&'%" -%1",.02 (#&(-#-- 1$, (BCD) " >??&%1",.02 5"%#$>)&5&.1.02 ;/$8#&."7 /)4 #-'1&."&- ,$/'1,-.

B$)*E".'1,$ (#"5&.4&502 , .-'1$4:&& ,#&54 , 5"#$,$7 (#-%1"- %& 8"$)$3"6&'%" -%1",.02 (#&(-#-1$, (#$/;%10 2"5"6&'%$3$ '".1&- +-, %$1$#0& 5$3;1 (#&/'1-,)41* '*&+.;9 $(-'.$'1* /)4 $%#;<-9:&7 '#&/0 [1]. F 1$5; <& G&'(;8)"%- B&)-#;'* .& #-'($)-3-&1 '$8'1,&..$7 8-+$7 "2 (#$"+,$/'1,- " ,0.;</&.- 1#-1"1* +.-6"1&)*.0& ,-)91.0& '#&/'1,- .- (#"$8#&1&."& BCD +- #;8&<$5.

H .-'1$4:&& ,#&54 $1';1'1,;91 .-;6.0& $'.$,0 ($);6&."4 8"$- )$3"6&'%" -%1",.02 (#&(-#-1$, "+ /#&,&'.02 $12$/$,. I-(#-,)&..-4 8"$/&'1#;%="4 )"3.$=&))9)$+.02 5-1"-)$,, %$1$#-4 ($+,$)4&1 ($- );6"1* (#$/;%1, '$/<-:"7 3;5;'$,0& %"')$10, 4,)4&1'4 $/."5 "+

.-"8$)&& ('(&%1",.02 .-(#-,)&."7 (-8$1%" %#;(.$1$..-<.02 $12$/$, 2"5"6&'%$7 " 5&2-."6&'%$7 (-8$1%" /#&,&'".0. J6"10- ,-4 ($1#&8.$'1* '&)*'%$3$ " )&'.$3$ 2$+47'1,- , 5-)$+-1#-1.02, >%$)$- 3$8&+$(-'.02 (;142 ($,0E&."4 ;#$<-7.$'1" " ;);6E&."4 %-6&'1,-

142

!"#$%&'((, ")*")+#,&) -)%.-/0 #1-#2 !#3%.4-(5 678 (* 3(9-#'433:- 3#*-/0 ;),4"()3#2 52354,15 12#42"4;4--#< ( )&,%)3=-#<.

>("# ")1!"#1,")-4--/;( !"("#$-/;( +(#1,(;%35,#");( 52- 35:,15 9%;%1#2/4 24?41,2) !#.2/ [2–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

E+F4&,#; (1134$#2)-(5 13%C(3 ,40-(.41&(< 9($"#3(*-/< 3(9- -(-. G%;(B(&)'(: 9($"#3(*-#9# 3(9-(-) !"#2#$(3( 2 ,4.4-(4 60– 90 1%, !"( !#$$4"C)-(( !#1,#5--#< ,4;!4"),%"/ (55 °H) ( )@")'((.

8"( (1134$#2)-(( 0(;(.41< 1,"%&,%"/ 24?41,2 9%;(-#2#< !"("#$/ #.4-= 2)C-/; !#&)*),434; 52354,15 1#$4"C)-(4 B%-&'(#- -)3=-/0 9"%!! (, 2 !4"2%: #.4"4$=, &)"+#&1(3=-/0 9"%!! ( B4-#3=-/0 9($"#&1(3#2, ,)& &)& #-( 2 *-).(,43=-#< ;4"4 23(5:, -) "4)&'(#--%: 1!#1#+-#1,= ( +(#3#9(.41&%: )&,(2-#1,= 9%;(-#2/0 &(13#, (GI) [7].

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

L%-&'(#-)3=-/< 1#1,)2 !"4!)"),#2 9%;(-#2/0 &(13#,

 

E+F4&,

M"4;5 9%;(B(-

H#$4"C)-(4 B%-&'(#-)3=-/0 9"%!!

 

9%;(B(&)'((

&)'((, 1%,&(

2 9%;(-#2/0 &(13#,)0, ;9-@&2/100 9

 

 

 

EN)3(B.

ENB4-.

C=O

-HEEN

 

O(9-(- 9($-

30

71

308

12

12

 

"#3(*-/<

60

281

285

11

30

 

 

90

98

224

83

59

 

8#.2)

 

74–330

194–325

307–813

273–506

143

!"#$%&'()%&, *#& +(, -.&+)"#/01#./&'$%%&2& 2.+/&(.3%&2& (.2- %.%$ "044$/%&) "&+)/5$%.) 60%17.&%$(8%9: 2/0;;, ')#"#')%%9: 3$ 1&4;()1"&&-/$3&'$%.), &1$39'$)#", '9<) ' &-/$37$:, 1&/9) ;&+- ')/2(."8 204.6.1$7.. ' #)*)%.) 60 "0#&1.

=9(. ;&(0*)%9 1&4;()1"9 204.%&'9: 1."(, '9+)()%%9: .3 20- 4.6.7./&'$%%&2& 2.+/&(.3%&2& (.2%.%$ " 4)#$(($4. (4)+8, 7.%1, 5)- ()3&, 4$/2$%)7). >&%"#$%#9 0"#&?*.'&"#. 1&4;()1"&' &;/)+)(,(. ;&- #)%7.&4)#/.*)"1.4 #.#/&'$%.)4 ;& =8)//040.

@ /)30(8#$#) ;/&')+)%%9: .""()+&'$%.? 0"#$%&'()%&, *#& *)4 -&(8<) ')(.*.%$ 1&%"#$%#9 0"#&?*.'&"#., #)4 -&()) ;/&*%9? 1&4- ;()1" &-/$30)#",, #)4 4)+()%%)) .&% 4)#$(($ -0+)# ;&"#0;$#8 ' ;&*- ')%%9? /$"#'&/. A& )"#8 +)?"#'&'$#8 %$ /$"#)%., ;/&(&%2./&'$%%&. B&(0*)%%9) +$%%9) ;&3'&(,# "&3+$'$#8 "4)<$%%9) 4)#$((&1&4;()1"9 +(, .";&(83&'$%., .: ' /$"#)%.)'&+"#') ' 1$*)"#') "#.40(,#&/&' . /)20(,#&/&' /&"#$.

!"#$%'%&

1.Varshal G., Velyukhanova T., Khushvakhtova S. e.a.The role of humus acids in the processes of dispersion and accumulation of heavy metals in natural waters, soils and carbonaceous rocks. // Abstr. 11th Annual International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment, Ann Arbor, Mich., 2001. V. 26. C8. P. 647–648.

2.D$04&'$ E.@., >&"&%&2&'$ F.@., G4$1&'$ D.H., I'*.%%.1&'$ A.J. =.&(&2.*)"1. $1#.'%9) ;/);$/$#9 "#.40(./0KL)2& . 60%2.7.+%&2& +)?"#'., %$ &"%&') #&/6$ // M.4., #')/+&2& #&;(.'$. 1995. C2. N. 82–

3.Martyniuk H., Wiekowska J., Lipman J. The study of influence of metal ions on thermal decomposition of humic acids // J. Therm. Anal. and Calorim. 2001. V. 65. C3. P. 711–721.

4.D$04&'$ E.@., G4$1&'$ D.H., I'*.%%.1&'$ A.J., B./&2&'"1$, E.@. E04.%&'9) ;/);$/$#9 O66)1#.'%9) -.&(&2.*)"1. $1#.'%9) +&-$'-

1.1 %&'94 6&/4$4 4.%)/$(8%9: 0+&-/)%.? // J.3.1$ . :.4., #&/6$ ' /)<)%.. ;/&-()4 O1&(&2..: #)3. +&1(. 4)5+. ".4;&3.04$, P.%"1, 2002. C. 210–211.

5.I/(&' Q.N. E040"&'9) 1."( ;&*' . &-L$, #)&/., 204.6.1$7...

P., 1990. 325 ".

6.Davies Geoffrey, Ghabbour Elham A., Steelink Cornelius Humic acids: Marvelous products of soil chemistry // J. Chem. Educ. 2001. V. 78. C12. P. 1609–1614.

7.>$%+9-&'.* R.R. B&(0*)%.) 204.%&'9: 1."( .3 2.+/&(.3%&2& (.2- %.%$ . .: :$/$1#)/."#.1$ // A/0+9 =EA!. N)/. :.4.. . #):%&(&2.. &/2$%. '-'. 2004. @9;. XII. N. 72–77.

144

!"#$%&'(& !)&**"+,''-. /,0&)(,#"+ (1 2)&+&*('- "*('- * (*!"#31"+,'(&/ +1)-+'"4"

,+0"4(2)"#(1,

2.+. &56781, &.+. (9:;<=7>2, ,.+. )?9@78=@AB3, &.'. %?>C5:83, +.,. DE7>9C2, /.#. FAG@71

1 !"#"$%&"' ()%*+,$%-./001' -/20)3)("4/%&"' *0"./$%"-/-, 5$. 6"$,, 82, 7$,%0)8$%&, 660049 (9)%%"8)

E-mail: ershov_dv@mail.ru

2::: «!"#"$%&"' "0%-"-*- 0).12 -/20)3)("'», 7$,%0)8$%&

(9)%%"8) E-mail: pps2004@bk.ru

3;0%-"-*- 2"<"" " 2"<"4/%&)' -/20)3)("" !: 9=>, =&,+/<()$)+)&, 7$,%0)8$%&, 660036 (9)%%"8)

E-mail: shchipko@krsk.info

!"#$"#%&'() *&+"),)--./ 012'-./ ,#')"2#1&+ -#%134#)'*5 &'- 6)'12+#5 ')-4)-725 ( *&("#8)-23 0"2,)-)-25 *2-')'26)*(2/ *+5$93- 82/ 0")4*'#+15382/ :(&1&;26)*(93 &0#*-&*'<. =4-2, 2$ ,)'&4&+ ,&42>2(#722 4")+)*2-. ")?#382, :'9 $#4#69 5+15)'*5 ;24"&')"- ,#1<-#5 &%"#%&'(#, + 6#*'-&*'2 +$".+-&@ #+'&;24"&12$ [1].

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

!"#%&') [3] ,)'&4#,2 &0'26)*(&@ 2 :1)('"&--&@ ,2("&*(&022 9*- '#-&+1)-&, 6'& + ")$91<'#') 0#"&+&;& +$".+# 0"&2*/&42' "#$4)1)-2) -)- *&+,)*'2,./ (&,0&-)-'&+ (1)'&6-./ &%&1&6)(. C#,)115"-&) *'"&)-2) (1)'&6-&@ *')-(2 + 0"&7)**) 0#"&+&;& +$".+# *&/"#-5)'*5, 9+)1262+#)'- *5 12?< ?2"2-# 1#,)11. D$+)*'-& '#(E), 6'& #('2+#725 ,)'&4&, +$".+- -&;& #+'&;24"&12$# 0&$+&15)' 2$+1)(#'< 2$ -2$(&*&"'-&@ 4")+)*2-.

145

!"#$% &! 12 '(".% #$'#&)*+,$%- .!$!"*-*/!' # &! 28 '(".% $#01!.!- +(1)+2/$!3! +#3$#$* [4]. 45!.2$)6%( 7*16% 5!0'!+286 /*""9#6%'*6,, 96! 5/# !5/(&(+($$%- )"+!'#2- &/('("#$* !"#$%, !:/*:!6*$$*2 .(6!&!. '0/%'$!3! *'6!3#&/!+#0*, :)&(6 "!&(/;*6, &!"6*6!9$!( 1!+#9("6'! 1!.- 5!$($6!', '%5!+$28<#- 5/# 5/(""!'*$## /!+, "'20)8<(3!.

=(+,8 &*$$!> /*:!6% 2'+2+!", #0)9($#( '+#2$#2 )"+!'#> !:/*- :!61# &/('("#$% !"#$% $* .(-*$#9("1#( "'!>"6'* 5!+)9*(.%- 5/(""!- '*$$%- .*6(/#*+!'.

? 1*9("6'( "%/,2 #"5!+,0!'*+*", 6(-$!+!3#9("1*2 <(5* &/('("#- $% !"#$% @/*"$!2/"1!3! =A@. B(/(& #0.(+,9($#(. <(5) '%")C#'*+# &! '!0&)C$! ")-!3! "!"6!2$#2 (8–10%). D0.(+,9($#( !")<("6'+2+# $* &(0#$6(3/*6!/( .*/1# «8255 Nossen» (E(/.*$#2), :%+# 5!+)9($% 6/# !:/*0F*: 1/)5$*2 7/*1F#2 " /*0.(/!. 9*"6#F 0-4 .., "/(&$22 7/*1F#2 0–1,5 .., .(+1*2 7/*1F#2 0–0,8 ... ?0/%'$!> *'6!3#&/!+#0 !:/*0F!'

.*""!> 0,1 13 !")<("6'+2+# $* )"6*$!'1( !5#"*$$!> ' /*:!6( [4]. B!+)- 9($$%( !:/*0F% '$!', &!'!+# &! '!0&)C$! ")-!3! "!"6!2$#2 # 5!&- '(/3*+# 5/(""!'*$#8 ' !:!3/('*(.!> 5/(""7!/.( " '$)6/($$#. *-

.(6/!. 60 .. $* C6(.5(+,$!. 5/(""(, !:("5(9#'*8<(. &*'+($#( $* !:/*0F( &! 50 GB*. H+2 5!+)9($$%- !:/*0F!' !5/(&(+2+*", 6'(/&!"6, (EIJK 11843-76); '+*;$!"6,, 5+!6$!"6,, '!&!5!3+!<($#( (EIJK 10634-88), 5/(&(+,$*2 5/!9$!"6, 5/# #03#:( (10635-88).

?+#2$#( #0.(+,9($#2 &/('("#$% !"#$% $* 6'(/&!"6, !:/*0F!', 5!&- '(/3$)6%- !:/*:!61( '0/%'$%. *'6!3#&/!+#0!. 5/# 6(.5(/*6)/( 200 °J, &*'+($## 4,0 GB* # '%&(/;1( 30 ", * 0*6(. "5/(""!'*$$%- 5/# 6(.5(/*- 6)/( 85±3°J, #++8"6/#/)86 &*$$%( 5/(&"6*'+($$%( $* /#")$1( 1.

K'(/&!"6, !:/*0F!', 5!+)9($$%- #0 "%/,2 " 1/)5$%. # "/(&$#. /*0.(/!. 9*"6#F, /*0+#9*(6"2 $(0$*9#6(+,$! # '! '"(. *5*0!$( &*'- +($#> 5/(""!'*$#2 5/#.(/$! ' 1,5 /*0* .($,C(, 9(. #0 !:/*0F!', 5!+)- 9($$%- #0 .(+1!> 7/*1F##. J+(&!'*6(+,$!, &+2 5!+)9($#2 5/(""!'*$- $%- .*6(/#*+!' #0 &/('("#$% !"#$% :(0 5/#.($($#2 &!5!+$#6(+,$!3! "'20)8<(3! F(+("!!:/*0$! (( #0.(+,9*6, &! /*0.(/* 9*"6#F .($(( 0,8

... B/# #""+(&!'*$## '+#2$#2 6(.5(/*6)/% *'6!3#&/!+#0* $* "'!>"6'* 5!+)9*(.%- !:/*0F!' :%+! )"6*$!'+($!, 96! 5/# #"5!+,0!'*$## .(+- 1!> 7/*1F## &/('("#$% # 6(.5(/*6)/( :!+(( 200 °J $*:+8&*(6"2 !:)3- +(/!;#'*$#( !:/*:*6%'*(.!3! .*6(/#*+*, 5!L6!.) L1"5(/#.($6% 5/!- '!+#", 5/# 6(.5(/*6)/( 200 °J " '*/,#/)(.%.# 5*/*.(6/*.#: &*'- +($#( # 5/!&!+;#6(+,$!"6, '%&(/;1#, /(0)+,6*6% 5/(&"6*'+($% $* /#")$1( 2.

146

 

30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

25

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

2

 

1/22

20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

./0,

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

*#%+,

10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

15

25

35

45

55

 

 

 

!"#$%&'%, ()"

 

 

!"#. 1. $%"&'"( #)(*('" "+,(%-.('"& /0(1(#"'2 3#"'2 " /41%('"& '4 )1(0/3#)-

*0(##314''25 3604+731. 80"12(: 1 ,(%94& :0497"& (0–0,8 ,,), 2 – #0(/'&&

 

:0497"& (0–1,4 ,,), 3 – 90;*'4& :0497"& (0–4 ,,)

 

 

 

25

 

 

 

2

20

 

 

1

/2

 

 

./0, 1

 

 

 

2

-

 

 

 

 

*#%+,

15

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

 

20

70

120

170

 

 

)+-,-$3'/%$0&-./0 -4+"4-/5', .

 

!"#. 2. $%"&'"( 0(<",4 1+021'3=3 41)3="/03%"+4 *0" 200°> '4 )1(0/3#)- *0(#-

#314''25 3604+731. 80"12(: 1 – /41%('"( 4 ?@4, 2 – 3 ?@4, 3 – 2?@4

147

!"#$%&''(& )&*$#+,-,( ."*/"#01, 23-,+ /(/"3 " ,"4, %," 3#0 3"2,56&'50 ."2,-/#&''"7 8 ".,54-#+'(45 $2#"/5045 /*)(/'"9" -/,"953)"#5*- 0/#01,20: ,&4.&)-,$)- 200 °:, 3-/#&'5& 4 ;!- 5 /(- 3&)6<- "<"#" 60 2.

=#50'5& $2#"/57 .)&22"/-'50 '- ,/&)3"2,+ .)&22"/-''(> "?)-*- 8"/ .)5 5> /(3&)6<& ."3 3-/#&'5&4 / ,&%&'55 5 45'. .)5/&3&'" '- )52$'<& 3.

:$30 ." ."#$%&''(4 )&*$#+,-,-4, '-5?"#&& .)5&4#&4(7 35-.-*"' $2#"/57 .)&22"/-'50 2"2,-/#0&, 20–25 ;!- .)5 ,&4.&)-,$)& 120– 140 °:.

@-''(& " 2/"72,/- .)&22"/-''(> 4-,&)5-#"/ 5* 3)&/&25'( "25'( A)-<855 – 0,8 44, ."3/&)9'$,"7 /*)(/'"4$ -/,"953)"#5*$ .)5 ,&4.&- )-,$)& 200 °:, 3-/#&'55 40 ;!B / ,&%&'55 60 2, 2 ."2#&3$1C54 .)&2- 2"/-'5&4 .)5 ,&4.&)-,$)& 120 °: 5 3-/#&'55 23 ;!-, .)5/&3&'( / ,-?#58&. @"?-/<5, $."40'$,(& / ,-?#58&, 24&D5/-#52+ 2 3)&/&2'(4 4-,&)5-#"4 '&."2)&32,/&''" .&)&3 .)&22"/-'5&4, .)5 E,"4 2$44-)'-0 4-22- "?)-*8- .)5'54-#-2+ *- 100%.

 

45

 

 

 

 

 

40

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

2

 

35

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

2

30

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

 

1/

 

 

 

 

25

 

 

 

 

*#%+,-./0,

 

 

 

5

20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

8

18

28

38

48

 

 

 

!"#$%&'%, ()"

 

 

F52. 3. =#50'5& $2#"/57 .)&22"/-'50 '- ,/&)3"2,+ "?)-*8"/. G)5/(&: 1 ,&4-

.&)-,$)- .)&22"/-'50 140 °:, 2 – 120 °:, 3 – 100 °:, 4 – 80 °:, 5 – 60 °:

 

148

!"#$%&"' ()*%%#"'++,- .'&*)/'0#" +' #%+#"* (#1"*)2+3$ "4),"+#.3 '"/1)#0/43 1)*"*%/+, #%/+,

 

!#%&'" #5)'46'

80#&-

="*)1#%&<,

8)#?+#%&<

A#1#(#-

A#1#)'4-

 

 

 

+#%&<,

>/.2

+' /42/5,

20#B*+/*,

53-'+/*,

 

789*,

:#5'";',

 

%

+'/.*+#-

;2/.3

 

@8'

%

%

 

 

"'+/*/%

 

 

 

 

 

 

100

-

1,27

37,2

35,9

11,2

9,6

 

90

#(/0;/

1,18

32,4

30,7

18,7

15,8

 

 

#%/+,/10

 

 

 

 

 

 

80

C*/20

1,10

25,1

25,5

22,1

24,3

 

70

C*/30

1,03

18,9

16,0

67,5

71,4

 

50

C*/50

0,99

14,5

11,4

75)'4*6

)'4)3D/0%E

 

90

2)'F/&/10

1,35

36,1

18,7

21,5

15,3

 

95

@!*/5

1,22

29,4

32,7

19,8

13,1

 

 

:A8*

0,94

22,4

26,5

21,2

22,7

*789 #%/+', (#1"*)2+3&'E '"/1)#0/43, @! –- ;)'%/&*0< .*&/0*+#",$- %/+/$, :A8 ()#.,D0*++,$ #5)'4*6 1)*"*%+#-"#0#;+/%$ (0/&,

8)*1%&'"0*++,* )*430<&'&, 1#;'4,"'G&, ? #5)'5#&;' .*#. "4),"+#2# '"/1)#0/4' ()/ %##&"*&%&"3GB*. (#15#)* &*-+#0#2/?*- %;/- )*C/.#" (#4"#0E*& (#03?/&< /4 1)*"*%/+, #%/+, ()*%%#"'++,*

.'&*)/'0, (# #%+#"+,. (#;'4'&*0E. ()*"#%-#1EB/* 1)*"*%+#"#0#;- +/%&,* (0/&,, ",(3%;'*.,* ()#.,D0*++#%&<G. 8)/ H. ;#0/?*%&"# #5)'43GB/-%E ()/ 2/1)#&*)./?*%;#$ #5)'5#&;* ;#.(#+*+", /2)'G- B/- )#0< %"E43GB*2#, 1#%&'?+# 10E (#03?*+/E ()#?+,- #5)'46#". I#0** #, "#4.#C+# ""*1*+/* " %,)<* 10E ()*%%#"'+/E 10-20% &"*)- 1,- +'(#0+/&*0*$, ? #&;),"'*& +#",* "#4.#C+#%&/ 10E .#1/F/;'- 6// %"#$%&" ()*%%#"'++,- .'&*)/'0#".

!"#$%'%&

1.I'4')+#"' >.J., J'0#?;/+ 9.K., J0*5#" 8.L. 8)*%%#"'++,* .'&*)/'- 0, /4 2/1)#&*)./?*%;/ #5)'5#&'++#$ 1)*"*%/+, / '+2/1)/1#" 1/;')- 5#"'++,- ;/%0#& //M/./E )'%&/&*0<+#2# %,)<E. 1997. N2. !. 15–22.

2.J)'"/&/% O.9. =*#)*&/?*%;/* / ()/;0'1+,* '%(*;&, .*' "4),"+#- 2# '"/1)#0/4' )'%&/&*0<+#$ 5/#.'%%,// M/./E 1)*"*%/+,. 1987.

N5. !. 3–21.

3.P'00'"3% Q.8., J)'"/&/% O.9. 7 "#41*$%&"// (')#"#2# "4),"' +' 30<&)'%&)3;&3)3 1)*"*%/+, // M/./E 1)*"*%/+,. 1990. N6. !.66–73.

4.RF)*.#" 9.9., P34+*6#" I.>., P)#"' K.A., P34+*6#"' !.9., A/+; A.9. A0/E+/* 3%0#"/$ &*).#;'&'0/&/?*%;#$ ';&/"'6// 1)*"*%/- +, #%/+, +' %#%&'" "#1#)'%&"#)/.,- ()#13;" // M/./E ()/)#1+,- %#*1/+*+/$. N6. 1995. !. 20–25.

149

Соседние файлы в предмете Процессы и аппараты химических производств