Middle_tiesto_HISTORY
.doc1)Henry sweet the period of levelled endings
2) In studying the history of the language we face causes of changes, which can be divided into two kinds: (1) external and (2) internal
3) The OE vowels were distinguished within the following sets:
1. monophthongs and diphthongs
2. open and close
3. front and back
4. labialized and non-labialized .
4) OE employed 2 ways of word-building: 1) derivation and 2) word-composition . (in alphabetical order)
5)NE other metathesis
6)The predicate in OE could be неверно
7) The verb predicate agreed with the subject of the sentence in two grammatical categories: number and person . (in alphabetical order)
8) The OE nouns were divided into types of declension according to the stem-building suffix
9) The OE strong verbs built their forms with the help of ablaut, and the OE weak verbs built their forms with the help of dental suffixes –t- and –d-
10) Fill in the gap. Indicate the case of the following infinitives.
Beran – Nominative case
To berenne / to beranne -Dative case
11) Classify the following OE written records:
Franks Casket oe
Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Angloum Latin
Ruthwell Cross Anglo-Saxon
Beowulf - Mercian/northumbrian dialect
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle latin
Cura Pastoralis latin
The Battle of Maldon oe
12) The Participle was a kind of verbal adjective , the infinitive was a kind of verbal noun
13) The late ME period in literature is known as "the age of Chaucer
14)quantitative ablaut 6
15) In adjectives and nouns the stress fell to the prefix
16) Word formation fell into two types: word composition and word derivation. (in alphabetical order)
17) How many principal dialects of the Germanic tribes existed in Britain in the 5th century?4
18)insular writing isles
19) There were the following classes of verbs in OE:
1. minor groups of the verbs:
1.1. anomalous verbs;
1.2. preterite-present verbs;
1.3. suppletive verbs.
2. strong verbs ( 7 (How many?) classes);
3. weak verbs ( 3 (How many?) classes);
20)gradually shifting declension conjugation
21) Match the given characteristic features with the names of the periods of the EL history:
No literary tradition in oral dialects prehistoric
English was transformed into mainly analytical language ENE
The stage of tribal dialects prehistoric
English was restored to the position of the state language ME
Synthetic language with a well-developed system of morphological categories OE
There appeared norms and standards in English ENE
The first printed book in English appeared ME
Name the type of replacement illustrated by the example.
e.g. the modern Common case of nouns and OE cases – Nom., Gen. and Acc.
Merging
22) One of the most important developments in Late ME and Early NE syntax was the growth of predicative constructions such as:
- Complex Object or Objective predicative Construction;
- Complex Subject or Subjective predicative Construction;
- Gerundial complexes.
23) The principal means of derivation in OE were (in the order of frequency of their use)
1. suffixation
2. prefixation
3. sound interchanges
4.word stress
24) All vowel changes in ME and ENE can be divided into (in the alphabetical order):
1. changes of stressed vowels
1.1. qualitative changes
1.2. quantitative changes
2. changes of unstressed vowels
25) In addition to 4 grammatical categories of the OE finite verbs we must mention 2 debatable categories: aspect and voice. (in alphabetical order)
26) Match the following LME written records with their authors:
Vox Clamantis - john goward
Pearl - unknown
Wallace - henry the ministrel
The Vision Concerning Piers the Plowman - Langland
Polychronicon - hidgen
The Canterbury Tales - Chaucer
King’s Quhair - king james of scotland
27)word fades-loss,two distinct---splitting, unit merely---simple, two or more---merging, a new notion---innovation
28)shift of stress in ME “recessive” tendency
29) Match the meanings of the cases with their names:
It is used for attributes to other nouns; with possessive and partitive meaning. - Genitive
It is the case of the active agent; is also used instead of the Vocative case. Dative
It is used for the direct object; indicates a relationship to a verb. Nominative
It is used with prepositions; for indirect personal object; with instrumental meaning. Accusative
30)means of deviration merging
31)category in adjectives gender.case.number
32)survived in NE Genitive
33) To which etymological layer does the following word belong?
land(land) – Common Germanic
34) Match the items.
it expressed states and qualities resulting from past action - participle II
it was passive – participle II
it was active - participle I
it expressed present or simultaneous processes and qualities – participle I
35) Identify the type of declension of the following items:
ilca (NE “same”) weak
ordinal numerals weak
cardinal numerals - strong
ōþer (NE “other”) - strong
comparative adjectives - weak
superlative adjectives weak or strong
maniʒ (NE “many”) -strong
eall (NE “all”) – strong
36)but feet splitting
37) What is the correct transcription for the following diagraph:
Aw [au]
38) Match the type of subjunctive and its meaning in ENE.
I/he were young– past
I/he be young – present
I/he should be young – present
I should be young / He would be young – past
39) What happened to OE sounds [f] – [v], [θ] – [ð], [s] – [z] in ME? Were they treated as allophones or as separate phonemes?
[θ] – [ð] allophones
[f] – [v] separate phonemes
[s] – [z] ?
40) What type of form-building is used in each case:
ban (sg.) - ban (pl.) - NE bone zero-inflection
modor (sg.) - modru (pl.) - NE mother inflection
mus (sg.) - mys (pl.) - NE mouse umlaut
bryd (sg.) - brydas (pl.) - NE bride inflection
41)developed in OE reflexive, relative, possessive
42) Match the letters in bold with their pronunciation:
feet
snow (NE snow)
gentil
mercy
yet
good
sonne (NE son)
esy
thief
not (NE not)
43) Mark the sounds which were positional variants of the phonemes in OE.
[v] [s] [ð]
44)long vowel stressed
45) The object in OE was subdivided into the direct object, which was in the Acc. case and the indirect object, which was in the Dat. case.
46)---
47) Match the items.
The strong verbs of each class had 4 principle forms (or 4 stems):
I stem present indicative, subjunctive, participle 1
II stem 1st and 3rd person singular, preterite
III stem – plural and 2nd person singular, preterite, preterite subjunctive
IV stem – participle II
48)n-declension strong ;weak
49) In OE there were two large groups of suffixes: suffixes of adjectives and suffixes of nouns . (in alphabetical order)
Noun suffixes are divided into suffixes of abstract nouns and those of agent nouns. (in alphabetical order)
50) The most productive types of word-composition in M and EN E are
1. noun + noun
2. gerund + noun
A new pattern in ME was verb + adverb
51) There were three moods of the verb in OE: - the imperative , -the indicative and - the subjunctive . (in alphabetical order)
52) Identify the genre of the following EME written records:
Evil Times of Edward II - political
Ormulum - religious
Ancrene Riwle - religious
Brut - romantic
Pricke of Conscience - religious
Poema Morale - religious
Cursor Mundi - religious
King Horn - romantic
The London Proclamation - political
Havelok the Dane - adventures
53)them --- Scandinavian
54)Match the given characteristic features with the names of the periods of the EL history:
No literary tradition in oral dialects prehistoric
English was transformed into mainly analytical language ENE
The stage of tribal dialects prehistoric
English was restored to the position of the state language ME
Synthetic language with a well-developed system of morphological categories OE
There appeared norms and standards in English ENE
The first printed book in English appeared ME
Name the type of replacement illustrated by the example.
55)PG voiced Hardening of consonants
56)k appeared as a new letter
57) not [ ɔ ]mercy[ i ]gentil[ d3 ]thief[ θ ]feet[ e: ]good[ ɔ: ]snow[ u: ]sonne[ u ]esy[ z ]yet[ j ]
58) In adjectives and nouns the stress fell to ...
the prefix
59)Me central Mercian