Oxford Dictionaries

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED). A corrected reissue of the New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (NED): In thirteen vols/Ed. by J. A.H.Murray, H. Bradley, W.A. Craigie, C.T. Onions. 3rd ed., revised, with corrections. Oxford, 1977. (First publ. in 1933.)

A Supplement to the Oxford English Dictionary: In three vols / Ed. by R.W. Burchfield. Oxford, 1980.

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles: In two vols / Prepared by W. Little, H.W. Fowler and J. Coulson; revised and ed. by C.T. Onions. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1973. (First publ. in 1933.)

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English/ Ed. by H.W. Fowler and F.G. Fowler. Oxford, 1956.

The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology/ Ed. by C.T. Onions. Oxford, 1966.

The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs/ Compiled by W.G. Smith. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1976.

Barnhart C.L. World Book Dictionary. Chicago, 1975.

Barnhart C.L., Steinmetz, Sol, Barnhart R.K. A Dictionary of New English. 1963-1972. London, 1973.

292

Barnhart C.L., Steinmetz, Sol, Barnhart R.K. The Second Barnhart Dictionary of New English. 1973-1979. N.Y., 1980.

Chambers’s Twentieth Century Dictionary / Ed. by W. Geddie. Edinburgh — London, 1958. (First publ. in 1901.)

The Heritage Illustrated Dictionary of the English Language/Ed. by W. Morris. N.Y., 1975.

Hornby A.S. The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. London, 1974.

Jones, Daniel. Everyman’s English Pronouncing Dictionary. 11th ed. London — New York, 1963. (First publ. in 1917.)

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. London, 1978.

Random House Dictionary of the English Language. The unabridged edition / Ed. by J. Stein. N.Y., 1971.”

Webster’s New World Dictionary of American Language. N.Y., 1978.

Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language. Springfield, Mass., 1961.

Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language. Pocket size edition/ Ed. by D.B. Guralnik. N.Y., 1977.

SUBJECT INDEX

Abbreviation 142-145

Ablaut combinations 130

Ablaut or vowel gradation 146

Abstracted forms 106, 218, 219

Acronyms 142-145, 218

Adaptive system 10ff, 21, 143, 216ff: see System, lexical adaptive

Affixes 77-107

Allomorphs 101, 102

Amelioration 70

American English 265-270

Antonyms 182, 201, 209-215 antonyms, absolute 209ff antonyms derivational 209ff

Aphaeresis, aphesis 138

Apocope 138

Archaic words 205, 220

Assimilation of loan words 255-259

Assimilation of synonyms 205, 255-259

Australian variant 270, 271

Back-formation 127, 150-152

Bahuvrihi 123, 125

Barbarism 256, 258

Basic form 153, 185

Bias words 49

Blends, blending 141, 142

Borrowing, borrowed affixes and words:

see Loan words Bound forms 77, 80 Boundary cases 102, 103, 121

Canadianism 270 Cliché 179-181 Clipping: see Shortening Cockney 262, 263 Cognate words 79ff Colloquial words 145, 245-249 Combinations, phraseological 170, 171 Combining forms 80, 104-106 Combining power 194; see also Valency Complementary distribution 101ff Componential analysis 41, 57-59 Compounds 78, 108-152 Compound adjectives 125, 126 Compound derivatives: see Derivational

compounds Compound nouns 123-125

Compound verbs 126, 127

Compounds, asyntactic 111

Compounds, endocentric and exocentric

111, 123ff

Compounds, syntactic 111

Connotation and connotative meaning 40-50, 97, 177, 230-238, 251

Contextual analysis 56, 57 Contrastive and contrary notions 209ff

Conversion 18, 153-164

Conversives 73, 209-215

Correlation of oppositions 26, 81, 111 Curtailment 134

Dead suffixes 100

Degradation of meaning: see Pejoration

Demotivation 132

Denotative meaning 40, 47-50

Derivational affixes 77, 87ff

Derivational compounds 127

Derivatives 10, 76ff

Determinant and determinatum 108ff

Diachronic (approach) 10//, 155//, 216

Dialect 262

Dictionaries 272-285

Dictionary, bilingual 272ff Dictionary, explanatory 272ff Dictionary, machine-translation 275

Diminutive suffixes 97

Disintegration of polysemy: see Split of polysemy

Distinctive feature 25, 26, 53, 146, 185

Distinctive stress 15, 147, 148

Distribution 13, 101

Doublets, etymological 136, 137, 259 260

Echoism, echo words: see Sound imitation

Elevation: see Amelioration

Ellipsis 139ff

Emotional tone (colouring, connotation, component, force) 43, 44, 233ff, 437; see also Connotations

Emotive speech 234

Equivalence 23

Equonym 197

Etymology 10, 15, 79

294

Euphemism 75, 207 Evaluative connotation 48

False etymology 131

Form words 18, 187, 222-223

Formatives, inner 89

Formatives, outer 77-89

Free forms 77ff, 129, 131

Functional affixes 87-90

Functional change: see Conversion

Functional styles 240-250

Fusions or portmanteau words: see

Blends

Fusion phraseological 170 Fuzzy sets 6, 21, 26

Generic terms 39, 63, 196 Generalisation 62-63 Glossary 274

Historism 220

Holophrasis 122ff

Homograph 185

Homonyms and homonymy 154ff, 182-194

Homonymy, patterned 155ff, 183ff, 191 Homophone 154, 184ff

Hybrids 106, 107

Hyperbole 69

Hyperonymy 196, 197

Hyponym 196, 197, 226-229

Ideographic groups 226, 227 Ideolect 209

Idioms: see Set expressions Immediate constituents 83-87, 141

Implicational 41, 50

Indivisibility 28

Informal vocabulary 242

Information retrieval 13

Integrity 30, 114 Intensifier 235

Intensifying connotation 49 International words 260, 261

Irony 69

Learned words 243 Lexical group 26 Lexical variants 207, 208 Lexicalisation 18

Lexico-grammatical class or group 224 Lexico-grammatical meaning: see Meaning, lexico-grammatical

Lexico-grammatical variant 51, 52 Lexicography 191-194, 272ff Linguostylistics 240ff

Litotes 69

Loan words 100, 135, 252-259

Marked member of the opposition 242 Meaning, contextual 54

Meaning, denotative 40, 47 Meaning, figurative 52 Meaning, grammatical 39, 99 Meaning, lexical 16, 37ff, 42-47 Meaning, lexico-grammatical 16, 224 Metaphor 64ff Metonymy 64ff Morpheme 19, 77-107 Morphemic analysis 81ff Motivation 33-36, 83, 95

Native words 204ff, 252ff Neologism 134, 216-220 Neutralisation, semantic 196 Non-semantic grouping 238, 239 Nonce usage 55, 245 Nonce words 18 Notion 42-47

Obsolete words 177, 205

Official vocabulary 243

Onomasiological approach 24

Onomasiology 55

Onomatopoeia 148ff

Onomatopoeic words: see Sound imitation

Onomatopoeic stems 129

Oppositions 23, 25, 184ff, 195,215,225, 241

Opposition, basis of 26

Opposition, binary 215, 242

Opposition, equipollent 242

Opposition, lexical 134, 145, 241 Opposition, polydimensional 26 Opposition, privative 215 Opposition, proportional 98 Opposition, synonymic 195

Opposition, theory of 25, 26

Paradigm 156ff

Paradigmatic 24, 201

Paralinguistics 14

Paronyms 207, 208

Patterned homonymy: see Homonymy,

patterned

Patterns, word-building 90-95, 133 Patterns, new word-forming 133 Pejoration 70

Phrasal verbs: see Verbal collocations Phraseology: see Set expressions

Poetic diction 244

Polysemy and polysemantic words 41, 50-57, 182

Polysemy, disintegration of: see Split of polysemy

Positional mobility 29, 30

Pragmalinguistics 14, 47ff, 240

Prefix 13ff, 213

Proper nouns 43, 62, 66-69 Proverbs 179ff

Pseudo-compounds 131

295

Quotation compounds and quotation derivation 122, 123, 129 Quotations, familiar 179-181

Reduplication 129, 130

Referent 31, 32

Register 241ff

Rhyme combinations 130, 131

Roots 77ff, 153ff, 188

Semantic change 60-76

Semantic change, extralinguistic causes of 73-76

Semantic change, linguistic causes of 71-73

Semantic component: see Seme

Semantic field 226, 228, 229

Semantic structure of the Word 10, 42, 50-55

Semantic triangle 31-33

Semasiology 37

Seme 41-59

Semi-affixes 84, 102, 116-118

Semi-fixed combinations 166-167

Set expressions 19, 165-181

Shortened words and shortening 134-145 Simplification of stems 132

Slang 140, 249-251

Sociolinguistics 11, 230, 240

Sound imitation or onomatopoeia 129, 148ff

Sound interchange 145-147

Sound symbolism 130

Specialisation 61, 62

Split of polysemy 188ff

Stem 77ff, 90-95

‘Stone-wall’ problem 118-120 Stress, distinctive 147, 148

Style, functional 240-248 Substantivation 161, 162

Suffixes 77-107, 213

Suppletion, lexical 90, 243

Synchronic (approach) 10ff, 155ff, 216

Syncope 138

Synonymic differentiation 209

Synonymic dominant 196

Synonyms 178, 182ff, 194-209

Synonymy, sources of 203-205

Syntagmatic vs paradigmatic relations 23

System, lexical or vocabulary 10ff, 38, 152, 182ff, 215

System, lexical adaptive 10ff, 21, 216

Technical terms and terminology 229-233 Telescoping and portmanteau words 141 Thematic groups 226ff Transformations, explanatory 59, 192 Transposition 153, 163

Ultimate constituents 81, 84

Umlaut 146

Understatement: see Litotes Uninterruptability 29, 30 Unities, phraseological 170ff

Valency 24, 90-95, 195, 200 Variants or regional varieties 262ff

Verbal collocations of the ‘give up' type 120, 121, 161, 206

Vowel gradation 146 Vowel mutation 146

Word, definition of 27-31 Word equivalents 9, 20, 167 Word-family 77ff, 222 Word-formation analysis 81ff Word-formation, types of 163

Zero derivation: see Conversion

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