- •Инструкция
- •Мини-зачет
- •Темы для работы на уроках The State Organization of Great Britain
- •Слова по теме
- •Вопросы для контроля и самоконтроля
- •The Court System of Great Britain
- •Слова по теме
- •Вопросы для контроля и самоконтроля
- •The us Government
- •Слова по теме
- •Вопросы для контроля и самоконтроля
- •The us Court System
- •Слова по теме
- •Вопросы для контроля и самоконтроля
- •Тексты для домашнего чтения political parties in great britain
- •Political parties and elections in the usa
- •Poem Our queer language
- •I think you already know
- •I’d mastered it when I was five! Типы и структура вопросительных предложений. Types and structure of interrogative sentences.
- •Инструкция по работе над проектом-презентацией
Темы для работы на уроках The State Organization of Great Britain
1. Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy and the Monarch (the King or the Queen) is the formal head of the government. For centuries the monarch had the total power, but now the monarch reigns, but does not govern. The Queen of Britain now is Elizabeth II.
2. The British Parliament, the legislative body of the country, is the oldest in the world. It was formed in the 13th century. It consists of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Its name comes from the French word parler (“to talk”).
3. The House of Lords was previously a hereditary, aristocratic chamber. Nowadays it includes hereditary members, bishops of the Church of England known as Lords Spiritual and appointed members (life peers). Life peers are appointed by the Queen on the advice of the Government for various services to the nation. The number of members is not fixed. The head of the House is Lord Chancellor.
4. Today the main part is the House of Commons; its members alone are called members of Parliament. No statute may become law or be altered or repealed, nor may taxes be levied, without its consent. The House of Commons has 650 members elected by popular vote. The head of the House is the Speaker.
5. During the legislative process all bills are introduced in the Commons, go through three stages called “readings”, discussed and amended. Being passed, they go to the House of Lords for the same, but less formal, proceedings. The Lords can provide additional study and reflection and thus improve the quality of legislation. At last the passed bills are signed by the Monarch and become Acts of Parliament.
6. The maximum life of a Parliament is five years. Elections are set by the Prime Minister on the basis of political necessity or advantage. Every citizen above the age of 18 has a vote. Voting is taken by secret ballot. The main parties which give the majority of members to the House, are the Conservative party, the Labour party and the Liberal Democratic party. After the election one of the main parties has a majority. This party is called the Government; the parties in the minority are called the Opposition. The Government has executive functions and is responsible to the House of Commons. One of the main functions of the Government is framing the foreign and home policies.
7. The leader of the majority party becomes the Prime Minister and appoints the Cabinet of Ministers with approval of the Crown. Cabinet members, including the prime minister, are members of one house or the other and thus combine executive and legislative duties. They are collectively responsible to the House of Commons for its policies and actions. Members of the cabinet of the British government constitute the supreme executive authority of the government.
Слова по теме
Parliamentary monarchy |
Парламентская монархия |
King |
Король |
Queen |
Королева |
Head |
Глава; возглавлять |
government |
Правительство |
To govern |
Управлять |
Monarch |
Монарх |
Total power |
Абсолютная власть |
To reign |
Царствовать |
Legislative body |
Законодательный орган |
House of Lords |
Палата лордов |
House of Commons |
Палата общин |
Hereditary chamber |
Наследственная палата |
Hereditary members |
Наследственные члены |
Bishop |
Епископ |
Life peers |
Пожизненные пэры |
To appoint |
Назначать |
Lord Chancellor |
Лорд Канцлер |
Statute |
Законодательный акт |
Law |
Закон, право |
taxes |
Налоги |
Popular vote |
Всенародное голосование |
Legislative process |
Законодательный процесс |
To introduce a bill |
Вносить законопроект на рассмотрение |
To amend a bill |
Вносить поправки в законопроект |
To pass a bill |
Принимать законопроект |
To sign a bill |
Подписывать законопроект |
legislation |
Законодательство |
Election |
Выборы |
Citizen |
Гражданин |
To have a vote |
Иметь право голоса |
Voting |
Голосование |
Secret ballot |
Тайное голосование |
Majority |
Большинство |
Majority party |
Партия большинства |
the Conservative party |
Консервативная партия |
the Labour party |
Лейбористская (трудовая) партия |
the Liberal Democratic party |
Либерально-Демократическая партия |
Executive functions |
Исполнительные функции |
To be responsible to / for |
Нести ответственность перед / за |
Minority |
Меньшинство |
Foreign and home policy |
Внешняя и внутренняя политика |
The Crown |
Король / королева |
duties |
Обязанности |
the supreme executive authority |
Высший исполнительный орган власти |