Кайль В. Герменевтическая эмпатия

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from: Esser U., Pabst H., Speierer G.-W: (Eds.): The power of the person-centered approach.

Koln, GwG, 1996, pp. 65-80

: Elisabeth Zinschitz

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3.3

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@<9J8< ?D3;6E3?86: =<;6:.;63:. <16E3?867 6 =?6C<9<16E3?867 A><0;6 =<;6:.;6M, A8.5.;;I3 <>3;D3><:, ?<03>F3;;< <@03>1.L@?M. +@< =<9;<?@JL =>3=M@?@0A3@ @3>.=30@A =<2></;< 6 @G.@39J;< B68?6><0.@J 0;A@>3;;3-=?6C6E3?8<3 =3>3460.;63 8963;@.. $ K@6:6 <1<0<>8.:6 M 0?3 43 C<@39 /I >.??:.@>60.@J 6;@3>.8@60;AL <>63;@.D6L 0 8963;@- D3;@>6><0.;;<7 @3>.=66 8.8 8<;8>3@;AL B<>:A ?D3;6E3?8<1< =<;6:.;6M 6 0<5:<4;<?@J >./<@I ? 6:=96D6@;I: 13>:3;30@6E3?86: =<@3;D6.9<:.

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4.1. :

$D3;6E3?8<3 =<;6:.;63 <5;.E.3@, E@< @3>.=30@ ;.C<26@ 13>:3;30@6E3?867 89LE 8 =<;6:.;6L 8963;@., 8<12. <; ;3 @<9J8< </>.G.3@ K:=.@6E3?8<3 0;6:.;63 ;. =<0323;63 6 0I>.43;63 8963;@., ;< @.843 ;. ?0<L ?</?@03;;AL >3.8D6L ;. K@<. "3>0I7 F.1 523?J - @<E;< <?<5;.@J ?0<L ?</?@03;;AL >3.8D6L. 963;@-D3;@>6><0.;;I3 @3>.=30@I, ?<?>32<@<E3;;I3 ;. 0<?=>6M@66 6 =<;6:.;66 8963;@., 0 <?</3;;<?@6 >6?8AL@ ;32<?@.@<E;< C<><F< <@?93460.@J ?0<6 ?</?@03;;I3 K:<D6<;.9J;I3 >3.8D66 ;. 8963;@<0. A2AE6 ?A=3>065<><:, M =>60I8, =>3423 0?31< A239M@J :;<1< 0;6:.;6M 0<=><?A, 8.8 E39<038 EA0?@0<0.9 /I ?3/M, 3?96 /I 3:A =>6F9<?J 2<91< 3C.@J 0 =<3523 0:3?@3 ? K@6: 8963;@<: 696 =>6?A@?@0<0.@J ;. 5.@M;A0F37?M 03E3>6;83. .8 /I <; ?3/M EA0?@0<0.9, 0I72M, ;.8<;3D, 65 =<352., 696 AC<2M 2<:<7 ? 03E3>6;86? 02</.0<8, 8.8.M 65 <?</3;;<?@37 8963;@. 6 ?=<?</<0 =<0323;6M <=>3239M3@ K@<. %.863 0<=><?I <E3;J E.?@< =>60<2M@ 8 5.89LE3;6L, E@< K@6 062I 0?@>3E @M439I 6 ;3=>6M@;I, E@< 2.3@ <?<5;.@J, 8.8 K@< ;3 =<C<43 ;. @<, E@< :I D3968<: =>6;6:.3: 6 K:=.@6E3?86 =<;6:.3: 8963;@. ? ?.:<1< ;.E.9.. 23?J :I 0?@>3E.3:?M ? @3:, E@< /.5<0.M =<56D6M, ;.5I0.3:.M "/35A?9<0;<3 =<9<46@39J;<3 <@;<F3;63", ;. ;.?@<MG67 :<:3;@ <@?A@?@0A3@. < 5.<2;< ?@>.2.3@ 6 /.5<0.M =<56D6M "K:=.@6E3?8<3 =<;6:.;63". 23?J M C<@39 /I =<2E3>8;A@J @<E8A 5>3;6M Bierman-Ratjen, Eckert 6 Schwartz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p. 22). $932<0.@39J;<, @3>.=30@ :<43@ =><03>M@J ?@3=3;J ?0<31< K:=.@6E3?8<1< =<;6:.;6M, 6?C<2M 65 @<1<, 3?@J 96 =<56@60;<3 <@;<F3;63. C<23 @3>.=66 K@. ?@3=3;J =<9<46@39J;<1< <@;<F3;6M 6, ?932<0.@39J;<, ?@3=3;J K:=.@66 /A2A@ =<?@<M;;< :3;M@J?M. .42.M @.8.M =3>3:3;. =<8.5I0.3@, E@< 0 =><D3??3 @3>.=66 0<5;68.L@ 5;.E6:I3 23@.96. ?96 43 0I?<8.M ?@3=3;J =<56@60;<1< <@;<F3;6M 6,

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4.3

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