The_Soviet_Army_troops_organization_and_equi

The BAT-2, previously known a s the BAT M1983, is based on the tracked chassis of the MT-T

artillery tractor. It is the latestin the BAT series of vehicles. It mounts an articulating bulldozer blade, a telescoping boom crane, and a ripper. The vehicle provides NBC and armor protection for the

crew and passenger compartment. The BAT-2 is found a t regiment and division level. Its primary mission is route clearing; secondary missions

include obstacle clearing and transportation of sapper personnel.

The PKT and the improved PKT-2 are based on the MAZ-538four-wheeled, all-wheel-drive tractor.

The PKT has a hinged blade on the rear. The blade has a float shoe to control the depth of the cut. The PKT-2 has increased power over the PKT.

CAPABILITIES:

The Soviets specifically developed the PKT to be used as a route clearer; it can operate in temperatures as low as -40 degrees centigrade. Both the PKT and PKT-2 have a maximum road speed of 45 kilometers per hour. The PKT-2 can clear debris a t a rate of 3 to 6 kilometers per hour, and

can fill ditches at a rate of 100 to 120 cubic meters per hour. The PKT-2 weighs 19.4 metric tons; it has a range of 500 kilometers. It has a crew of two, who can put it into operation in one minute. It also has a hermetically sealed cab with a collective protection filtration system.

REMARKS:

The Soviets first produced the PKT in 1970. Its primary mission is route clearing; its secondary missions include snow plowing and the reduction of the effects of NBC munitions. It is vulnerable to small arms fire.

effective in excavating vehicle positions and in light dozing work. A BTU blade can move approxi-

mately 250 cubic meters of earth per hour when clearing or filling and approximately 150 cubic meters of earth per hour when digging in. The maximum speed of the tank when operating the blade is 6 kilometers per hour. BTU blades restrict

Newer tracked armored combat vehicles often have self-entrenching blades or spades on the rear of the vehicle or stowed on the lower front glacis. The systems can create a tank hull-down position in 20 to 60 minutes depending on soil conditions. The blades require crew members to dismount to place the system into or out of operation.

DESCRIPTION:

The E-305Vmounts on the KrAZ-2146 x 6 truck

chassis. A separate diesel engine, instead of the truck engine, powers the crane-shovel. A newer model, the E-305BV,is mounted on the KrAZ-255B

chassis, as is the similar EOV-4421, a replacement for the E-305V in the Soviet and East German

armies.

CAPABILITIES:

The E-305BVcan move 65 cubic meters of mate rial per hour as a shovel, and 30 cubic meters per hour as a backhoe. In comparison, the EOV-4421

can dig 110 cubic meters per hour as a backhoe. The crane capacity for the E-305BV is 4 metric

tons, while that of the EOV-4421 is 3.5 metric tons. The E-305BV weighs 17.3 metric tons, and the EOV-4421 weighs 20 metric tons. The range of both is 650 kilometers, and their maximum road speed is 70 kilometers per hour. Both have a crew of two.

DESCRIPTION:

This engineer reconnaissance vehicle's chassis employs components of the BMP infantry combat vehicle. It has two propellers in housings mounted on the rear of the armored hull for propulsion in the water. A wave deflector covers the front of the hull. Also mounted on the front of the hull are two arms for a metallic mine detector. A periscope is mounted on the right front of the vehicle, at the commander's station. The IRM weighs 17 metric tons and is powered by a 300-hp engine. With the detector arms in the travel mode, the vehicle is 8.22 meters long, 3.15 meters wide, and 2.40 meters high. It is armed with a single 7.62-mm machine gun.

CAPABILITIES:

The IRM can travel at a road speed of 52 kilometers per hour, with a range of 500 kilometers. It is amphibious and can swim at up to 10 kilo-

meters per hour. Onboard reconnaissance and navigation equipment includes the mine detector; a mechanical penetrometer, to analyze soil for trafficability; sonar, for water bottom profiles and mine and obstacle detection; a gyrocompass and

gyro-stabilized artificial horizon; land navigation and night observation equipment;and the periscope.

The mine detector arms are hydraulically articulated to their operating position (as depicted) in three minutes. The detector will bring the vehicle to a halt upon encountering an obstacle or detecting a metallic object. The periscope can extend to 1.5 meters and can move vertically up to 750 millimeters. The IRM has a n engine exhaust smoke system, water pumping equipment, and a collective protection system. It also carries portable sapper equipment such a s portable mine detectors, a

DSP-30 rangefinder, a PIR periscope, an ice drill, and a hand penetrometer. These allow dismounted

sappers to conduct further reconnaissance.

A wide variety of Soviet military box-body trucks, trailers, and vans have a collective protection system with gasketed doors and openings to aid in maintaining a positive overpressure of filtered air. The filtration system consists of a particulate filter, a blower, and an NBC charcoal filter. The blower and filter can he installed inside the vehicle or, as is common, on the upper front walls of truck-mounted box-body vans or upper rear walls

of trailers. Air enters the particulate filter (2) through a weather shield (1) where the majority of dust particles are filtered. From there, the air is drawn through the blower (4); then it passes through the NBC filter (8) before entering the vehicle. The NBC canister uses activated charcoal to absorb chemical and biological agents in the incoming air. An independent direct current electrical space heater (9) is visible in the picture.

DESCRIPTION/CAPABILITIES:

The DDA series comprises truck-mounted assemblies that consist principally of steam boilers and pressure-tight chambers into which steam is injected to decontaminate clothing and other articles. Included in the equipment are knockdown pipe shower frames, hoses, brushes, duckboards, soap or detergents, and probably a shower tent. In one hour, this system can process up to 80 uni-

forms during the summer and 48 during the winter. Showering capability is 96 men per hour in the summer a n d 64 men per hour in winter. The GAZ-51, GAZ-63, and GAZ-66 trucks mount the DDA-53, with minor modifications. The GAZ-66 system contains a single steam chamber. Another

modern version, Model DDA-2, contains two chambers and is mounted on the ZIL-130.

The AGV-3M decontamination station is similar in function to the DDA-53. The AGV-3M comprises four vehicle-mounted decontamination units which process chemically or biologically contaminated clothing and light equipment and provide showers for personal decontamination. The four units include the following: a cargo truck, used for carrying a drying tent; a shower tent and a collapsible water tank; a truck-mounted steam and hot air generator;

and two truck-mounted steam chambers. The gen­ eratorsupplies steam to the steam chamber stations

for decontaminating uniforms and light equipment;

it supplies hot air to the drying tent for drying decontaminated articles; and it supplies hot water to the shower tent. Ammonia normally is added to the steam flow whenchemically contaminated materials are processed in the steam chambers; formaldehyde is used for biological decontamination. The station can decontaminate 50 to 150 sets of uniforms per hour depending on the type of contamination. The AGV-3M is a three-chambered

system. There is also a four-chambered system, the

AGV-3U.

The Soviets use ARS-12 series a n d ARS-14 decontamination vehicles to decontaminate vehicles, large weapon systems, heavy equipment, and ter­ rain; to refill portable decontamination equipment; to transport water to other decontamination equipment; to fight fires; and to provide cold showers. Either vehicle carries six chests of accessories alongside the cargo tanks. The ARS-12Uis on a

ZIL-157 while the ARS-14 is mounted on a ZIL-131 chassis. Other improvements on the ARS-14 are a slightly larger cargo tank and enhanced arrangement of equipment for better accessibility. One tank of eolution (2,500 liters) with either model can decontaminate 25 tanks, 50 to 80 artillery pieces, or 500 meters of road with a 5-m width.

The DDP-series trailer-mounted decontamination units are similar to, and serve the same purposes as, t h e DDA vehicles. The new Model DDP-2 mounts on a single-axle IAPZ-738 trailer. The

apparatus has one steam chamber. Its boiler and equipment are housed in a thermally insulated body.