D.1. Speak on London

1. 5. Translate the sentences

1. It is getting dark gradually. 2. The liquid may become a gas which has no definite size. 3. The two designs can't be compared. 4. The art of brick making dates from very early years.5. The palace was surrounded by a high wall. 6. Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow? 7. Cultural contacts already existed between Russia and England at the time of Ivan [aivn] the Terrible. 8. The broken part must be replaced by a new one. 9. They obtained similar results in all the experiments. 10. This road is used by pedestrians and vehicles.

B. 5. Translate the sentences with ONE

1. One can easily regulate the speed of this machine. 2. This article is easier than the one we translated last week. 3. The wooden wall was later replaced by a brick one. 4. Our old laboratory equipment was much worse than the new one. 5. The idea of automation is one of the most important ideas for modern industry. 6. This was one of the reasons for the lengthening of the bus route. 7. This model is similar in quality to that one. 8. The old equipment was replaced by the new one. 9. One should turn off the gas when one leaves home. 10. One should always be careful when he operates this machine-tool.

B. 6. Translate the sentences with Participle I

1. The smallest particle having all the characteristics of an element is called an atom. 2. The changes affecting the composition of matter are chemical changes. 3. Buses are replacing the trams in cities. 4. During the experiment the temperature was changing gradually. 5. Measurements of solar radiation reaching the Earth each day make it possible to calculate the surface temperature of the Sun. 6. While absorbing the energy of cosmic rays the upper atmosphere becomes radioactive. 7. While bombarding the upper layers of the atmosphere, cosmic rays reach the surface of the earth.

B. 7. Translate the sentences with predicates in Perfect Tenses

1. This narrow bridge has been used for many years. Now it needs widening. 2. The road had been paved by the end of the summer. 3. The greatest part of the research has been completed. 4. The population of this country has grown considerably in recent years. 5. We have recently received instruments of high quality. 6. The research has been carried out by the engineers of the plant. 7. The electronic computer has been a remarkable achievement of modern science. 8. The research has been done with the help of electronic machines. 9. The students have done mathematical calculations and now they are drawing diagrams.

B. 8. Insert HAVE or HAS

1. The students … just translated the text. 2. I … seen this film. 3. He … read this book. 4. We … listened to the dialogue. 5. They … already spoken to the dean. 6. My brother … written a letter. 7. She … repeated new words before the lesson. 8. The students … answered the questions. 9. He … been to England. 10. We … sent a telegram. 11. She … gone to Moscow. 12. He … done his exercises.

C. 2. Read the text MAGNITOGORSK and render it in Russian

Magnitogorsk, a city in the Chelyabinsk Region, was founded near very rich iron ore deposits in 1929. The Ural River divides the city into two parts. One part of the city is in Asia, and the other is in Europe. In 1931 Magnitogorsk got city status. This was the time when people were creating a coal and metallurgical centre in the east of our country. Nowadays, the population of the city is constantly growing.

The Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Works is one of the largest and best equipped enterprises of this kind in our country. The works' first blast - furnace was put into operation on January 31, 1932. It was the biggest of its kind. In the years of operation the works supplied hundreds of million tons of pig iron, steel and rolled stock.

Magnitogorsk is not only a well - known industrial giant, but a well -planned modern city, an important cultural centre in the Southern Urals. The city has dozens of secondary specialized and vocational schools and some schools of higher learning.

C. 3. Read the text MOSCOW and discuss it with your partner

1. Where is Moscow located?

2. Is Moscow a port city?

3. What is world-known about Moscow Underground sys­tem?

4. What are the places of interest in Moscow?

5. Why is the Kremlin the most important place of interest for tourists?

Moscow is the capital of our Motherland. It was founded more than 800 years ago. Its popu­lation is over 10 million people. It is the largest political, economic, scientific, cultural and industrial center of the coun­try and one of the most beautiful cities on the globe.

Moscow covers an area of about 880 square kilometres. It is situated in the centre of the European part of the country on the Moskva River.

Railways, numerous airlines and a system of canals link the city with all parts of Russia, with major cities of Europe and with all the countries of the world. The city has an up-to-date transport system. The quickest and the most convenient form of transport is the Metro famous for its marble-walled stations, which connects all districts, carrying more than 5 million passengers daily.

One of the oldest monuments of the past is the Kremlin built many centuries ago. A stone wall, up to 21 m in height and 19 towers, surrounds this triangular complex of former palaces, cathedrals, and other monuments of tsarist times, some of them dating from the Middle Ages. The Great Kremlin Palace, completed in 1849, is the most imposing structure within the Kremlin. Other notable Kremlin palaces are the Granovitaya Palace (1491) and the Terem (1636). Among the many cathedrals, now used mainly as museums, are the Cathedral of the Assumption and the Archangel Cathedral, each with five gilded domes. Another landmark of the Kremlin is the Tower of Ivan the Great, a bell tower 98 m. high. On a nearby pedestal is the Tsar's Bell (nearly 200 tons), one of the largest in the world.

There are more than 150 museum and exhibitions – Kremlin Cathedrals, the Academy of Arts and many others – are filled with historical and artistic treasures. The Tretyakov Art Gallery and Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts are highly popular with visitors from other cities. The Tretyakov Art Gallery founded in the 18^th century has a wonderful collection of Russian Art. The Museum of Fine Arts contains works of prominent European artists and those of ancient East, Greece and Rome.

Moscow has over 3,200 libraries. The State Lenin library is the largest in the world. Its collection contains over 25 million volumes. Moscow is famous for its drama, opera and ballet. The Moscow Art and Vakhtangov theatres, the Bolshoy and Maly theatres have won universal recognition. The Moscow Chaikovsky Conservatoire is the country’s leading school of music.

Red square is one of the most beautiful squares in the world. On the southern side of Red Square is St Basil's Cathedral, a masterpiece of ancient Russian Architecture, famous for its unique architecture and coloured domes. Other points of interest in Moscow include the Central Lenin Stadium, comprising about 130 buildings for various sports; and the tall Ostankino TV tower, which contains a revolving restaurant and an observation platform.

C. 4. Read the text London and discuss it with your partner

London is the capital of England. It is a very old city and the number of sights is rather great.

Trafalgar Square with some elegant fountains is one of the most beautiful squares. It is situated in the centre of London. Trafalgar Square was named so in honour of Nelson’s victory at Trafalgar. In the middle of the square stands a tall column, 185 feet high, with the figure of Nelson on the top. The column is guarded by four bronze lions. St. Paul’s Cathedral is the most striking building in the City. It was designed by Christopher Wren, England’s greatest architect. St. Paul’s Cathedral with its huge dome and rows of columns is a fine specimen of Renaissance architecture.

London is well-known for its museums and art galleries. The Tower of London was used as a fortress, a palace and a prison in the past. Now it is a museum of armour. The most popular sight is the strongly guarded room in which the Crown Jewels are displayed.

The British museum contains a priceless collection of different things: sculptures, coins, ancient manuscripts, drawings, paintings, etc. The British museum is famous for its library – one of the richest in the world. The National Gallery contains one of the finest collections of paintings in the world. All schools of art are represented here. The Tate Gallery is the gallery of British Painting and of Modern Foreign Art.

The Houses of Parliament are situated on the North bank of the Thames. The two graceful towers stand high above the city. The highest of the two, the Clock Tower, contains the largest clock in the country and the famous bell Big Ben. Not far from the Houses of Parliament is Westminster Abbey, a very beautiful church which is famous for its architecture and its stained glass. Many outstanding English statesmen, poets and painters are buried in the Abbey.