The superior maxillary bones
Wordbuilding
-ly - суффикс, образующий наречие
deep - глубокий deeply – глубоко
1. Guess the meaning of the adverbs and translate them:
anterior - anteriorly loud - loudly
posterior - posteriorly quick - quickly
name - namely bad - badly
vertical - vertically happy - happily
wide - widely careful .- carefully
2. Translate the words of Latin origin:
the canine fossa, the orbit, a depression, internal, external, the first bicuspid teeth, tuberosity, to perforate, to occupy, a pyramid.
3. Make the Grammar analysis of the following sentences. Translate them:
The superior maxillary bones, being knit together on the median line of the face, are of very irregular form.
The facial surface is directed forwards, the lower border being more protruded than the upper one.
Being perforated by small holes the posterior surface transmits nerves and blood vessels to the molar teeth.
4. Pay your attention to these word combinations:
the floor of the orbit - основание глазницы
the nares - носовая полость
to enter into the formation - принимать участие в
формирования
something like - подобно
to bound, boundary - ограничивать, граница
5. Study the picture.
1the nasal notch
2 the infra-orbital foramen
3 the median line
4 the facial surface
5 the zygomalic process
6 the infra-orbital surface
7 the orbital surface
8 the canine fossa
9 the frontal process
10 the alviolar arches
6. Read the text and be ready to answer some questions:
The bones of the face consisting of the mandible and the superior maxillary bones form much of the anterior portion of the face. The superior maxillary bones are closely knit together except the mandible which is movable. The superior maxillary bones, being knit together on the median line of the face, are two in number, and of very irregular form.
They occupy the anterior upper part of the face and consist of a body and processes. Being the largest bones of the face except the mandible, they enter into the formation of three cavities, namely: the orbit, the mouth and the nares.
The body is the central part of the bone. The body is shaped something like a pyramid and exhibits four surfaces, namely: the external or facial, the posterior or zygomatic, the superior or orbital and the internal or palatine.
The facial surface is directed forwards and vertically, the lower border being more protruded than the upper one. This surface presents a depression just above the canine and the first bicuspid teeth. It is called the canine fossa. Above the canine fossa, there is the infra-orbital foramen for the nerve of the same name.
The zygomatic surface is situated posteriorly forming the anterior boundary of the zygomatic fossa. Between it and the facial surface there is a well-developed ridge extending from the molar region to the base of the zygomatic process.
The posterior surface has a bulging called tuberosity. It is connected with the palate bones and bounds the antrum behind. Being perforated by three or four small holes the posterior surface transmits nerves and blood vessels to the molar teeth.
The orbital surface of the superior maxillae forms the greater part of the floor of the orbit.
What are the main bones of the face?
What bone is movable?
What bones are knit together?
Where are the superior maxillary bones situated?
Where is the canine fossa situated?
EXERCISES
Ex. 1. Listen to the tape-recording of the text and prepare the fast reading of it.
Ex. 2. Give English equivalents:
углубление, быть просверленным, хорошо развитый гребень, лицевая поверхность кости, инфра-орбитальное отверстие, основание глазницы, небная поверхность, зубной канал, отросток, нижняя челюсть.
Ex. 3. Translate, paying attention to the Participles and their functions:
Being the central part of the superior maxillae the body has four surfaces.
Knowing English, you will be able to read and translate English articles on medicine in the riginal.
The depression called "the canine fossa" is situated above the canine teeth.
A bulging of the posterior surface being connected with the palate bones bounds the antrum ehind.
The child having a high temperature refused to take food till evening.
Acquiring the knowledge of the structure and functions of the human body, the medical students learn how to recognize diseases.
The body of the superior maxillary bones being shaped like a pyramid, has four surfaces.
There is a well developed ridge between the zygomatic fossa and the facial surface.
Undertaking a practical course medical students act as doctors' assistants.
Everything done, we went home.
Ex. 4. Insert the necessary word:
The superior maxillary bones are of a very ... form.
The body is the ... part of the bone.
There is ... just above the canine teeth called ……
There is the ... foramen for the nerve of she same name.
The posterior surface transmits ... and to the molar teeth,
Ex. 5. Answer the questions and check your answers:
How many superior maxillary bones are there?
Where are the superior maxillary bones knit together?
What part of the face do they occupy?
What do they consist of?
What cavities do the superior maxillary bones form?
What is the central part of the bone?
What form has the body?
How many surfaces has the body?
What surface has the canine fossa?
Where is the infra-orbital foramen situated?
What is there on the posterior surface?
Ex. 6. Read the text "The Maxillary Bones" and answer the question: "What surface has the infra-orbital groove?"
The superior maxillary bones by their union form the arch of the upper jaw and each bone presents for examination a body and four processes, e.g. zygomatic, frontal, alveolar and palatal.
The superior maxillary bones are the largest of the face except the mandible.
The body is the central part of the bone and has four surfaces.
The external surface is irregularly convex and has the so called "canine fossa".
The nasal surface forms the lateral boundary of the nasal cavity.
At the lower aspect of the zygomatic surface there is the "maxillary tuberosity" and the posterior dental vessels and nerves enter the bone.
The superior face of the bone has the infra-orbital groove, which, passing forwards, becomes canalised and divided into two branches, one terminating in the infra-orbital foramen; whilst the smaller branch transmits the anterior dental nerves and vessels to the front teeth of the upper jaw.
Lesson 10