- •Федеральное агентство по образованию Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского
- •032301 «Регионоведение»
- •Введение
- •Contents
- •The united nations organisation (un)
- •How the un works
- •International Organizations
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Give as much information as possible concerning the following notions:
- •3. Prepare the summary of the text in 10-12 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •1. Give the definitions of the following words and phrases from the text and use them in the sentences of your own:
- •Un structure
- •1. General Assembly
- •2. Security Council
- •3. Economic and Social Council (ecosoc)
- •4. Trusteeship Council
- •5. International Court of Justice
- •6. Secretariat
- •7.Secretary General
- •8.Agencies Related to the un
- •1. Read the text and say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Read the text again and answer the following questions using the active vocabulary:
- •4. Prepare the summary of the text in 20-25 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •3. Use the lexical units from the exercises above in the sentences of your own.
- •What the un does for peace
- •United Nations Organization Reform
- •Security Council reform must result in profound changes – Assembly President
- •Momentum on Security Council reform must not falter – Assembly President
- •Реформа оон неизбежна
- •Большая перемена
- •The north atlantic treaty organization (nato)
- •What is nato
- •1. Complete the following sentences:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from Russian into English:
- •3. Match the words from the first column to the words from the second one:
- •4. Give definitions to the following words and word combinations:
- •5. Use the lexical units from the exercise above in the sentences of your own.
- •6. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the lexical units from the previous exercises:
- •Nato: Security Challenges and Risks
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •Nato-Russia Relations
- •1. Say whether the statements are true or false. Give the correct variant:
- •2. Answer the questions on the text:
- •3. Comment on the following statements:
- •1. Complete the following table:
- •2. Using the table, speak about the ways of cooperation between nato and Russia.
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from Russian into English:
- •3. Find the words in the text that correspond to the following:
- •1. Say whether the following statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Fill in the gaps using the words and word combinations from the previous exercises:
- •5. How do you call people who live in the following countries?
- •The Structure and Objectives of the eu
- •1. Note the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Watch the pronunciation and spelling of the words and word-combinations:
- •1. Say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word-combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Find the odd-one-out:
- •5. Fill in the gaps of the following sentences using active vocabulary:
- •1. What do theses abbreviations stand for? Characterize each of them:
- •2. Use the following words and word combinations to make up the summary of the text (not less than 15 sentences):
- •1. Основные институты Евросоюза
- •Международные организации
4. Prepare the summary of the text in 20-25 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
Word Study
Give Russian equivalents of the following words and phrases:
General Assembly, Secretary General, Deputy Secretary General, Security Council,
Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice,
most pressing problems, an emergency special session, within the scope of the charter,
lack of unanimity, the bulk of the world’s military might, a party to a dispute,
severance of diplomatic relations, to furnish armed forces, obsolete, hostile parties,
consent.
Give English equivalents of the following words and phrases from the text:
страны-члены ООН, иметь право на что-либо, повестка дня, нарушение мира,
постоянное место (в Совете Безопасности ООН), непрерывно осуществлять функции (действовать), заниматься, интересоваться чем-либо, основной правовой орган, организации, связанные с ООН, работать в партнерстве.
3. Use the lexical units from the exercises above in the sentences of your own.
Give the definitions of the following words and phrases from the text and use them in the sentences of your own:
to be composed of
to convoke
to carry out (decisions)
to handle a dispute
to enforce
to call on
to encourage
to oversee
to abide (the court’s decisions)
to bring smb. together
Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using active vocabulary:
Каждая страна может послать на заседание сессии Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН не более 5 представителей.
Чрезвычайные сессии ООН могут быть созваны Генеральным секретарем ООН по просьбе Совета Безопасности или по решению большинства членов Генеральной Ассамблеи.
Совет Безопасности ООН работает на постоянной основе с обязательным присутствием всех его членов на всех заседаниях.
В случае, если страна-член ООН подверглась нападению, она может предпринимать необходимые действия, уведомив об этом Совет Безопасности.
Генеральная Ассамблея ООН дает рекомендации странам-членам ООН и другим организациям ООН с целью укрепления международного сотрудничества в политических, экономических, социальных и других областях.
Генеральный секретарь ООН, назначаемый Генеральной Ассамблеей ООН по рекомендации Совета Безопасности, возглавляет Секретариат ООН.
Translation
Translate the following text from English into Russian using a dictionary:
What the un does for peace
Preserving world peace is a central purpose of the United Nations. Under the Charter, member states agree to settle disputes by peaceful means and refrain from threatening or using force against other states.
UN efforts have produced dramatic results. The UN helped defuse the Cuban missile crisis in 1962 and the Middle East crisis in 1973. In 1988 a UN-sponsored peace settlement ended the Iran-Iraq war. In the 1990s, the UN was instrumental in restoring sovereignty to Kuwait and played a major role in ending civil wars in Cambodia, El Salvador, Guatemala and Mozambique.
UN peacemaking brings hostile parties to agreement through diplomatic means. The Security Council may recommend ways to avoid conflict or restore or secure peace – through negotiations, for example, or undertake mediation, or recourse to the International Court of Justice. In the event of fighting the UN tries to secure a ceasefire. It may send a peacekeeping mission to help the parties maintain the truce and to keep opposing forces apart. Peacekeeping operations may last for a few months or continue for many years.
Talking Point
Express your opinion on the following questions:
What recent actions or peacekeeping operations of the UN can you remember? Were they successful?
Do you think that the UN peacekeeping forces could substitute for NATO or EU forces in the future?
What role does the Secretary General play in the UN? How has it changed recently? Is the UN Secretary General an important political figure in the world?
Part 3