- •Федеральное агентство по образованию Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского
- •032301 «Регионоведение»
- •Введение
- •Contents
- •The united nations organisation (un)
- •How the un works
- •International Organizations
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Give as much information as possible concerning the following notions:
- •3. Prepare the summary of the text in 10-12 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •1. Give the definitions of the following words and phrases from the text and use them in the sentences of your own:
- •Un structure
- •1. General Assembly
- •2. Security Council
- •3. Economic and Social Council (ecosoc)
- •4. Trusteeship Council
- •5. International Court of Justice
- •6. Secretariat
- •7.Secretary General
- •8.Agencies Related to the un
- •1. Read the text and say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Read the text again and answer the following questions using the active vocabulary:
- •4. Prepare the summary of the text in 20-25 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •3. Use the lexical units from the exercises above in the sentences of your own.
- •What the un does for peace
- •United Nations Organization Reform
- •Security Council reform must result in profound changes – Assembly President
- •Momentum on Security Council reform must not falter – Assembly President
- •Реформа оон неизбежна
- •Большая перемена
- •The north atlantic treaty organization (nato)
- •What is nato
- •1. Complete the following sentences:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from Russian into English:
- •3. Match the words from the first column to the words from the second one:
- •4. Give definitions to the following words and word combinations:
- •5. Use the lexical units from the exercise above in the sentences of your own.
- •6. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the lexical units from the previous exercises:
- •Nato: Security Challenges and Risks
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •Nato-Russia Relations
- •1. Say whether the statements are true or false. Give the correct variant:
- •2. Answer the questions on the text:
- •3. Comment on the following statements:
- •1. Complete the following table:
- •2. Using the table, speak about the ways of cooperation between nato and Russia.
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from Russian into English:
- •3. Find the words in the text that correspond to the following:
- •1. Say whether the following statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Fill in the gaps using the words and word combinations from the previous exercises:
- •5. How do you call people who live in the following countries?
- •The Structure and Objectives of the eu
- •1. Note the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Watch the pronunciation and spelling of the words and word-combinations:
- •1. Say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word-combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Find the odd-one-out:
- •5. Fill in the gaps of the following sentences using active vocabulary:
- •1. What do theses abbreviations stand for? Characterize each of them:
- •2. Use the following words and word combinations to make up the summary of the text (not less than 15 sentences):
- •1. Основные институты Евросоюза
- •Международные организации
3. Economic and Social Council (ecosoc)
The Economic and Social Council consists of 54 member countries elected by the General Assembly for three-year terms. The Council is concerned with financial and technical assistance to the less developed countries, the international protection of refugees and aid to the world's children.
ECOSOC coordinates many specialized agencies that provide a variety of social, economic and related services. The agencies operate independently but work with other programs in the UN. Those programs include the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the International Labour Organization (ILO, and the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO).
4. Trusteeship Council
The Trusteeship Council was established to oversee the transition of a handful of colonies to independence. The last of those colonies gained independence in 1994, making the Trusteeship Council obsolete.
5. International Court of Justice
Thе principal judicial organ of the United Nations is the International Court of Justice , also known as the World Court. It is the judicial arm of the UN. It sits at the Hague in the Netherlands. It is composed of fifteen judges who are elected by the Security Council and the General Assembly. A country is not required to participate in the court’s proceedings, but if it agrees to participate, it must abide the court’s decisions.
6. Secretariat
The administrative functions of the United Nations are carried out by the Secretariat. The Secretariat consists of some 6,000 members, 3,600 of whom are at the United Nations headquarters in New York.
The Secretary General who is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council is at the head of the Secretariat.
7.Secretary General
The Secretary General is a powerful public figure who oversees the daily operations of the UN and plays a major role in setting the organization’s agenda in international security affairs. The Secretary General has the authority to serve as a neutral mediator in international conflicts and to bring hostile parties together to negotiate.
The Secretary General is formally chosen by the General Assembly, but he must first be nominated by the Security Council and win the consent of all five permanent members. The Secretary General serves a five-year term, which may be renewed. The Security Council can nominate a candidate from any country, but it’s an unwritten tradition that the position rotates geographically, with a secretary general chosen from a new region after every two terms. In 1997 the General Assembly created the post of deputy Secretary General to assist in the management of the Secretariat.
Past Secretaries General have come from various regions of the world, but it’s an unwritten rule that they never should come from one of the most powerful countries. This tradition is a response to concerns that a secretary general selected from such a country would not be perceived by other nations as objective and neutral. There is also a fear that such a selection would give the world’s most influential nations that much more power.