- •Федеральное агентство по образованию Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского
- •032301 «Регионоведение»
- •Введение
- •Contents
- •The united nations organisation (un)
- •How the un works
- •International Organizations
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Give as much information as possible concerning the following notions:
- •3. Prepare the summary of the text in 10-12 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •1. Give the definitions of the following words and phrases from the text and use them in the sentences of your own:
- •Un structure
- •1. General Assembly
- •2. Security Council
- •3. Economic and Social Council (ecosoc)
- •4. Trusteeship Council
- •5. International Court of Justice
- •6. Secretariat
- •7.Secretary General
- •8.Agencies Related to the un
- •1. Read the text and say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Read the text again and answer the following questions using the active vocabulary:
- •4. Prepare the summary of the text in 20-25 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •3. Use the lexical units from the exercises above in the sentences of your own.
- •What the un does for peace
- •United Nations Organization Reform
- •Security Council reform must result in profound changes – Assembly President
- •Momentum on Security Council reform must not falter – Assembly President
- •Реформа оон неизбежна
- •Большая перемена
- •The north atlantic treaty organization (nato)
- •What is nato
- •1. Complete the following sentences:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from Russian into English:
- •3. Match the words from the first column to the words from the second one:
- •4. Give definitions to the following words and word combinations:
- •5. Use the lexical units from the exercise above in the sentences of your own.
- •6. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the lexical units from the previous exercises:
- •Nato: Security Challenges and Risks
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •Nato-Russia Relations
- •1. Say whether the statements are true or false. Give the correct variant:
- •2. Answer the questions on the text:
- •3. Comment on the following statements:
- •1. Complete the following table:
- •2. Using the table, speak about the ways of cooperation between nato and Russia.
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from Russian into English:
- •3. Find the words in the text that correspond to the following:
- •1. Say whether the following statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Fill in the gaps using the words and word combinations from the previous exercises:
- •5. How do you call people who live in the following countries?
- •The Structure and Objectives of the eu
- •1. Note the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Watch the pronunciation and spelling of the words and word-combinations:
- •1. Say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word-combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Find the odd-one-out:
- •5. Fill in the gaps of the following sentences using active vocabulary:
- •1. What do theses abbreviations stand for? Characterize each of them:
- •2. Use the following words and word combinations to make up the summary of the text (not less than 15 sentences):
- •1. Основные институты Евросоюза
- •Международные организации
1. Answer the following questions:
What is highly unlikely in NATO’s security environment?
What non-military challenges does NATO face today?
What do you think is meant by “powerful nuclear forces outside NATO” that constitutes a significant factor which the Alliance has to take into account?
What is understood by the proliferation challenge?
2. Comment on the following statements:
Today the biggest threat to NATO is a large-scale conventional aggression against the Alliance.
The existence of powerful nuclear forces outside the Alliance should be taken into consideration if security and stability are to be maintained.
The proliferation of NBC weapons and their means of delivery remains a matter of serious concern.
Non-military challenges pose the most serious threat to NATO today.
Word Study
1. Translate the following words and word combinations from English into Russian:
Emerge; face serious economic, political and social difficulties; ethnic and religious rivalries; the dissolution of states; armed conflicts; spill over into…; proliferation of NBC weapons; NBC weapons and delivery means; illicit trade; adversaries; cruise missiles; advanced weaponry; disrupt; sabotage; pose problems.
2. Translate the following words and word combinations from Russian into English:
Широкомасштабная агрессия с применением обычного вооружения; этнические и религиозные столкновения; нарушение прав человека; территориальные споры; вооруженные конфликты; представлять военную угрозу; распространение оружия массового поражения; противозаконная торговля, высокоэффективные наступательные и оборонительные системы воздушного, наземного и морского базирования; современное наступательное и оборонительное вооружение; крылатые ракеты; организованная преступность; нарушать.
3. Translate the following sentences from the text from English into Russian:
The security of the Alliance remains subject to a wide variety of military and non-military risks which are multi-directional and often difficult to predict.
Ethnic and religious rivalries, territorial disputes, inadequate and failed efforts at reform, the abuse of human rights, and the dissolution of states can lead to local and even regional instability.
Commodities and technology that could be used to build these weapons of mass destruction and their delivery means are becoming more common, while detection and prevention of illicit trade in these materials and know-how continues to be difficult.
The global spread of technology that can be of use in the production of weapons may result in the greater availability of sophisticated military capabilities, permitting adversaries to acquire highly capable offensive and defensive air, land and sea-borne systems, cruise missiles, and other advanced weaponry.
Alliance’s security interests can also be affected by other risks of a wider nature, including acts of terrorism, sabotage and organized crime, and by the disruption of the flow of vital resources.
Speaking
Look at the NATO security challenges and risks again and make up a chart defining which of them are of vital and peripheral nature:
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Vital |
Peripheral |
|
1. |
1. |
|
2. |
2. |
|
3. |
3. |
Speak about the major security challenges and risks NATO faces today using the table above and the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
Part 3