Shevtsova_second_year

хоть раз не сдержите свое обещание, они больше не будут верить вам. 5. Стоит вам только понять это правило, все остальное будет легко. 6. Стоит вам только начать читать эту книгу, и вы уже не сможете оторваться, пока не прочитаете ее до конца.

EXERCISES ON PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS

Ex. 8. Learn the following phrases and a) recall the sentences in which they are used in the text, b) use them in sentences of your own.

belong to; slow down; pull up (at); arrive/come in a car; at the wheel; in smb's arms; in the back/front; have trouble with; break down; go wrong with; climb out; with care; tear oneself away from; in high spirits; be proud of; fight for; worry about; on the point of doing smth; with a nod; pull on gloves; give out a groan (a shriek of laughter); sink to the ground; on street level; pick oneself up; at a loss; with sadness; take smb by the arm; point to; with pride; on foot; calm down.

Ex. 9. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs:

A.1. We shall continue our way ... foot as soon as the storm calms The roads here are too bad for cars. 2. Say something to cheer her she's ... low spirits today. 3. I called the wrong number ... accident. 4.'You needn't worry ... little things, it's the big things that are important. 5. "You can use my telephone," the secretary told me ... a nod the telephone ... the desk. 6. Something went wrong ...

my car the other day, I couldn't get it started. 7. They cleared the road ... the remains ... the broken car so that traffic could move. 8. Pointing ... a comfortable chair he said: "Make yourself at home." 9. He still stuck ... his story which did not change after many repetitions. 10. As she pulled ... the gloves she looked ...

the room ... the last time to see if she hadn't left anything ... . 11. The baby calmed ... as soon as he was ... his mother's arms. 12. The doctors had a long and hard fight ... her life. 13. He took the blind man ... the arm and led him ... the street. 14. If you are ... doubt ... the route, have another look ... the map. 15. Of the two bags he usually took ... him ... any trip, one was always packed ... books. 16. Before taking a decision we must clear the matter ... ... them. 17. He no longer seems to care ... football as he once did. 18. She was ... the point ...

saying something, but changing her mind remained silent. 19. Standing there ...

the middle ... the big hall he felt ... a loss and for a moment did not know how to start his speech. 20. The car was going ... full speed.

B.Barry belonged ... a number ... clubs. He was proud ... his collection ...

membership cards and often took them ... ... his wallet ... the day to look ...

them. Now after changing his job Barry had 25 pounds a week to spend ...

himself. He had left the garage ... Nick's care. He didn't see much point ... going

on working there. Why waste any more years ... a job that gave him nine pounds a week only?

have to be careful or afraid ... an accident.

He slowed ... and pulled ... ... the curb arriving ... the restaurant. James came hurrying ... to meet him.

Barry climbed ... ... the car. "Come ..., and have a drink," James invited. Barry followed him ... . It was a warm, smoky place that smelt of rich cigars and perfume. One could run into all kinds of famous people there. Barry stared ...

each of the women-diners as he walked ... a place ... the bar which James had pointed ....

(after "Jack Would Be a Gentleman" by G. Freeman)

Ex. 10. Give the English for the following phrases, using the preposition

"to" in its different meanings. Use the phrases in sentences of your own.

I. а) поехать в Ленинград (на Дальний Восток, на север, к морю, за город); переехать в другой район; пойти на почту (в магазин); повернуть направо (налево); поспешить (броситься) к кому-л; отвести к врачу; по пути в город; по дороге в институт; поездка в горы; вход в парк;

б) ходить в школу; лечь в больницу; пойти на рынок.

II. повыситься до 20 градусов, упасть до нуля (о температуре); понизиться до шепота (о голосе); считать до десяти; подойти к концу повествования; привести к победе.

III. без двадцати шесть; без четверти пять; по сей день; до конца; от понедельника до субботы; от апреля до сентября; от начала до конца.

IV. а) разговаривать с кем-л; написать письмо другу; крикнуть кому-л; позвонить кому-л; послать письмо (телеграмму) друзьям; слушать кого-л; обратиться к кому-л за помощью;

б) представлять большой интерес (много значить, быть существенным, важным) для кого-л; приключиться с кем-л.

V. быть горьким на вкус (теплым на ощупь, неприятным на слух); радовать глаз; быть по вкусу кому-л.

VI. к чьему-л удивлению (разочарованию, восторгу, удовольствию). VII. а) быть вежливым (добрым, внимательным, безразличным,

холодным, милым) к кому-л; быть благодарным кому-л; б) описать чью-л внешность кому-л; продиктовать письмо секретарю;

объяснить правила уличного движения кому-л; доказать что-то кому-л. VIII. а) приходиться двоюродным братом кому-л; быть верным

другом кому-л; оставаться чужим человеком для кого-л; быть замужем за кем-л; быть женатым на ком-л;

б) быть ассистентом у профессора (секретарем директора).

MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES

принадлежать кому-л; обращать внимание на детали; приносить пользу (вред) делу; говорить по существу; придерживаться принципов; положить конец спорам; привести к хорошим результатам; ожидать с нетерпением приглашения (праздника); показать на вывеску (картину); заняться делом (работой); разбиться на куски; разорвать в клочья; костюм, сделанный на заказ; право на образование (труд); плечом к плечу; лицом к лицу.

EXERCISES IN LEXICOLOGY

Ex. 11. Recast the following sentences, using nouns with "-ness" instead of the words in bold type. Make all other necessary changes.

1. I was surprised to see how calmly he took the news. 2. She looked at the child fondly. 3. There was a sad feeling in his heart. 4. The very fact that the situation was hopeless seemed to give her new strength. 5. He had ruined his own chances by being foolish and thoughtless. 6. The accident had happened through his being careless. 7. We strongly doubted that he would remain firm in his decision to make a fresh start. 8. They were kind and friendly, and it touched me greatly.

Ex. 12. Give words of the same root in RussianCompare the meaning.

motor, horn, chocolate, racket, present (n), infant, triumphant, melancholy, reconstruction, convulsive, to pack, to function

Ex. 13. In the following groups of sentences compare the meaning of the verbs in bold type. Translate the sentences into Russian. Give your own examples.

1. a) The children were too excited to be calmed at once. b) It took us some time to calm down after the argument. 2. a) The shops are almost sure to be closed at this hour. b) The factory was closed down. 3. a) Leave that TV set alone, you'll be breaking it. b) The car broke down when we were half way between the two cities. 4. a) Don't add any more wood into the fire. It's burning brightly enough, b) By the time the fire brigade arrived the house had burned down. 5. a) He died fighting for his country, b) He fought down the anger rising in him and continued speaking in a calm even voice.

VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Ex. 14. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in the correct form. Translate the

sentences into Russian.

accident; to belong; to care (2); care (2); to doubt; doubt (2); to drop (2); to fail; habit (2); to obey; to run; to sink; to speed; speed; speedy; to stick (2); to waste; to wish; to worry (2)

1. We all ... the newly-married couple the best of luck. 2. Orders are given to be

.... 3. Five minutes from the end, we were still in ... about the results of the match. 4. He would not ... his time on people who refused to help themselves. 5. The train ... through the night, taking us farther and farther away from home. 6. She didn't really ... what people said about her as long as she felt she was doing the right thmg. 7. When she heard that the plane was reported missing, her heart

… . 8. He started up the engine to see if it was ... properly. 9. We all had free use of the bicycle as it didn't seem to ... to anyone in particular. 10. I've always known him to be a truthful person and have no reason to ... his words. 11. Bad ...

die hard. 12. He chose his words with … as he didn't feel quite safe on the subject. 13. Though unexpected questions were asked and ... openly expressed, he ... to his story. 14. He had never ... for football or any other of the noisy outdoor games. 15. He had been hoping for a ... decision and was disappointed to learn about another week's wait. 16. The car was picking up ... . 17. It was the runner's bad luck that he met with an .. almost having reached the finish. 18. We hadn’t heard from our friend lately and were beginning to get… . 19. If there's no hope of reaching agreement it's always better to ... a subject than waste time arguing. 20. The child had a must upsetting ... of staring at people. 21. The young man was moved to hospital where he would be getting the best of medical

... . 22. She ... over the least thing that goes wrong. 23. He had been given the name in fun, but somehow it ... . 24. That night the temperature ... sharply to five below zero. 25. He believed in his friends, they had never ... him.

Ex. 15. Paraphrase the following, using words and. word combinations given below. Make all necessary changes.

to care (2); to drop; to drop in (at); to waste; to obey; to fail (2); to stick (to) (2); to cheer up; to put right; to slow down; to take care of (2); from habit; without doubt (2); in low spirits; at a loss; in the habit (of); no point (in); to go wrong

(2).

1. He seemed to have little liking for modern jazz. 2. It was useless trying to change the arrangement. Everything had been settled weeks ago. 3. Though there was no need to, she continued getting up early because she had always got up early. 4. He went away leaving his affairs in terrible disorder; it would take time to get them arranged satisfactorily. 5. I'd been watching him closely and noticed his eyes suddenly widen with fright; clearly something unpleasant

had happened. 6. Approaching the turn the car started moving slower. 7. The difficulties were dealt with one by one. 8. It was all the same to him whether he won or lost the game. 9. His kind words raised my spirits. 10. Not every habit is easy to get rid of. 11. All his efforts to get them to make up they; quarrel were useless. 12. He promised to let me know if things turned out badly. 13. She said she would pay me a short visit some afternoon. 14. His son had disappointed him, he had had such high hopes for the boy. 15. The woman was warned to keep to the facts of the accident. 16. He said he would arrange matters with the tickets, luggage and all the rest of it. 17. It was most certainly the funniest joke I'd ever heard. 18. She was used to taking a cup of tea in the afternoon. 19. He was uncertain what to do or say. 20. She was so excited at the news that the right words wouldn't come. 21. He wouldn't change a word in his story. 22. She was gloomy arid depressed, not like her usual self at all. 23. Children are expected to do as they are told.

Ex. 16. Speak on the following topics, using the words and expressions given below.

1. Con Boland Reconstructs the Car

to become too small for the family needs; a bright (wonderful, perfectly, splendid) idea; to come into one's head; to cut the car body in two; to lengthen the car a good two feet; to work day and night; to be in a hurry to finish the job; to hope to give the car a new coat of paint; to have no doubts that ...; to hold the whole family; to run well; to one's own taste; to admire; to be proud of

2. On the Way to Vale View

to decide to pay smb a surprise visit; to pack the car with the children; like herrings in a tin; beside oneself with excitement; to risk it; to be (get) stuck; to have a little trouble with the gearbox; (the engine) not to pull properly; not to break down; to manage the hill; to push from behind; to arrive safely

3. The Bolands Arrive

the loud braying of the horn; to attract attention; to belong to smb; to make a terrible noise; to slow down; to pull up at the gate; to switch off; to push in a button; to get stuck; an awful racket; to put smth right; to be unable to tear oneself away from; would rather; to look over with care; to remove a lump of mud

4. The Tea Party

cheerful; in high spirits; to talk of nothing but ...; to enjoy oneself; to get lots of pleasure out of doing smth; to push; to pull; with lightning speed; to clear every plate; to have a good time; tasty things; to be in the habit of doing smth; to drink lots of strong black tea

5. The Accident

to have doubts; the functioning of the lamps; to have no time to waste; to use the handle to start the engine; after a couple of swings; to obey; to raise oneself into the driving seat; to pull on one's gauntlets; to give a triumphant nod; smth unexpected; to happen; to sink to the ground with a groan; to shoot outwards; to drop off; to fall to pieces; to come to rest on street level; to come as a surprise to smb; to make a very funny picture; in the front (back); to clutch

6. After the Accident

to pick oneself up; to rub one's head; to be at a loss; to fail to understand the reason for smth; to be worried about; to be all right; to remain 'm one's seats; pale, but undisturbed; to hold the baby in one's arms; to cheer up; to brighten; to take smb by the arm; to believe that one's efforts have not been wasted; to point to smth with melancholy pride; (the engine) to be still running; to make a few convulsive beats; to lie in pieces; to be fit for nothing; to know how to deal with the remains; to remove from the road; to drag away; to go home on foot

SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES

Ex. 17. Translate the following sentences using the verbs "to rise" or "to raise" according to the sense.

1.Закончив письмо, он встал из-за стола и отнес его секретарю печатать.

2.Как только солнце поднялось, туристы сразу же отправились в путь. 3. Машина промчалась мимо на большой скорости. подняв облако пыли. 4. Во время переговоров были подняты серьезные вопросы. 5. Не следует повышать голос, с детьми надо разговаривать спокойно.

Ex. 18. Fill in the blanks with "little", "a little", "few", "a few".

1. It was to be only a family affair, so ... people were invited. 2. I have ... doubts but I'd rather not mention them now. 3. I have ... money, I can't let you have any. 4. She got ... letters with New Year's wishes this year, usually she gets many. 5. "Give the door another coat of paint." "I can't, I've too ... paint." 6. I must say I am ... worried about his health. 7. He is a very obedient child, his parents have ...

trouble with him. 8. He hardly said more than ... words the whole evening.

Ex. 19. Translate the following using "little", "a little", "few", "a few".

1. У меня есть немного денег, могу одолжить (дать) тебе. 2. En удлинили пальто на несколько сантиметров, и оно теперь выглядит лучше. 3. Она мало изменилась, ее легко узнать. 4. Нам надо обсудить еще несколько пунктов соглашения. 5. Устал? — Да, немного. 6. Мало кто любит рисковать. 7. Он говорит много, а делает мало. 8. Мне в этом доме мало что принадлежит. 9. Он немного знает французский, обратитесь к нему.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

The Participle

Participle I

Ex. 20. Study the forms of Participle I and the way they are rendered in Russian

Ex. 21. Give all the possible forms of Participle 1 to the following infinitives:

to put, to open, to strike, to push, to arrive, to hear, to stop, to enter, to finish, to live

*Participle I, non-perfect form, may denote an action simultaneous to that expressed by the finite form of the verb (No 1), closely preceding it (No 2) and following it (No 3).

**Participle I, perfect form, passive, is rather uncommon.

Ex. 22. Give attributive phrases using Participle I and explain them ' according to the model. Translate the phrases into Russian.

1. a woman; to smile 2. children; to laugh 3. a look; to understand; 4. a building; to burn 5. a lamp; to stand 6. a man; to know 7. a ship; to sink 8. indifference; to seem 9. a story; to touch 10. a thought; to disturb 11. interest; to grow 12. light; to blind 13. winter; to come 14. a crowd; to cheer 15. a machine; to add 16. a page; to miss 17. a bus; to pass 18. eyes; to search 19. a remark; to cut 20. a look; to question

Ex. 23. Open the brackets, using the correct form of Participle I. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. She sat in a comfortable armchair (to smoke) a cigarette. 2. (to put) aside the newspaper, she raised her eyes at me. 3. We watched the delegation (to show) into the hall. 4. (to visit) the museum before, I knew my way easily. 5. (to rise), the secretary put down the newspaper. 6. (to stop) before the traffic lights, he saw to his surprise it was almost eight o'clock. 7. (to work) as a taxi-driver for twenty years, he knew every little corner of the town. 8. I felt the car pick up speed, (to look) over at the speedometer, I noticed we were making a hundred. 9. The house (to build) at the corner of the street will be a library.

Ex. 24. Replace the parts in bold type by Participle I (non-perfect form, active) according to the model.

1. They passed a group of workers who were repairing the road. 2. He will leave at 10, just in time to meet the train that will arrive at 10.30. 3. It always gives me pleasure to help students who work hard. 4. The windows that face the garden were open. 5. We drove up to the front door of a tall house which stood a little back from the road. 6. Near the dock he ran into a sailor who was returning from town. 7. I've received a letter from him which says that he is coming next month. 8. He couldn't fall asleep because of the noise that was coming from the street. 9. He threw aside the letter that was lying on top and picked up the next. 10. She got on the train that was going to Moscow.