1
.docx1.Vocalism is a system of
consonants
sonorants
vowels
both consonants and vowels
2.The teaching norm of schools and colleges of Ukraine is
General American pronunciation
Educated American pronunciation
Received pronunciation
European English pronunciation
3.Palatalization is
the correct pronunciation of the words
breating the air in
softening of the consonants
breating the air out
4.There are … nasal vowels in Modern English.
0
1
2
4
5.English diphthongs are
equal
rising
leveled
falling
6.Each sound pronounced in isolation has … stages in its articulation.
3
2
4
5
7.There are … consonants in English.
14
18
20
24
8.The aim of theoretical grammar is …
to offer explanation of grammar rules that are necessary to understand and formulate sentences.
to describe grammar rules that are necessary to understand and formulate sentences.
to provide an insight into the structure of a language in the light of linguistics general principles.
to describe and analyze syntactical system of a language.
9.Morphology …
is coexistence of lingual elements, representation of the language at a definite stage of historical development.
deals with the external functions of words and their relationship to other words within the linearly ordered units.
deals with different time-periods in the development of lingual elements as well as language as a whole.
is the study of the structure and content of word forms.
10.There are different approaches to the study of syntactic units of a language. Which syntactic theory is based on the idea of obligatory /optional environment of syntactic elements and their significance / insignificance for the whole syntactic unit?
Constructional Syntax
Transformation-Generative Grammar
Communicative Syntax
Traditional Syntax
11.Diachrony …
is coexistence of lingual elements, representation of the language at a definite stage of historical development.
deals with the external functions of words and their relationship to other words within the linearly ordered units.
is the study of the structure and content of word forms.
deals with different time-periods in the development of lingual elements as well as language as a whole.
12.Prescriptive grammar …
tries to explain the phenomena of a language by studying their history.
stated strict rules of the grammatical usage.
compares the grammatical phenomena of a language with those of cognate languages.
is concerned with the general principles which underline the grammatical phenomena of all languages.
13.A sentence that expresses inducement, either affirmative or negative is …
declarative
exclamatory
interrogative
imperative
14.Regular and irregular verbs are distinguished according to …
their functional significance.
the nature of predication (primary and secondary).
the implicit grammatical meaning.
the way of forming past tenses and participle II.
15.Choose the feature which was characteristic of Old English morphology.
8 cases of the noun
three-component word structure
the use of articles
no analytical forms
16.What period in English History does The Peterborough Chronicle illustrate?
Middle English
Old English
Early New English
New English
17.When did the articles appear?
Middle English
Old English
Early New English
New English
18.When did the Germanic invaders come to the territory of the British Isles?
in the 1st c. BC
in the 7th c.
in 1066
in the 5th c.
19.What language family (branch) does the Afrikaans language belong to?
West Germanic
East Germanic
South Germanic
North Germanic
20.Choose the feature that was NOT typical of Middle English morphology.
the use of apostrophe for the Possessive Case of the noun
the appearance of Future Tense
the development of analytical forms
the loss of adjective declension
21.What group of words illustrates the Germanic stress?
talk, talking, talked, talkative
exam, examine, examination
exhibit, exhibition, exhibited
circumstance, circumstantial
22.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics which deals with…
the outer sound form of the word
the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words and with the patterns after which words are combined into word-groups and sentences
the study of the nature, functions and structure of stylistic devices and with the investigation of each style of language
lexical units and the vocabulary of a language
23.By the vocabulary of a language is understood the total sum of its ______.
words
sentences
phonemes
morphemes
24.All morphemes are subdivided into two large classes: _____ .
prefixes and suffixes
roots and suffixes
roots and affixes
roots and prefixes
25.____ is universally accepted as a particularly English way of word-building.
composition
shortening
affixation
conversion
26.The branch of linguistics which specialises in the study of meaning is called ____.
semasiology
lexicology
stylistics
semantics
27.The ability of words to have more than one meaning is described by the term ____.
polysemy
synonymy
hyponymy
antonymy
28.The earliest group of English borrowings is …
French
Latin
Celtic
Scandinavian
29.Comparative stylistics deals with
contrastive study of more than one language
comparison of various stylistic devices
comparison of styles
the history of stylistics
30.All styles are mainly subdivided into
literary and colloquial
belles-lettres and colloquial
publicist and colloquial
official and informal
31.The subject-matter of Stylistics is:
the text
the morpheme
the phoneme
the sentence
32.The sentence “It is not impossible” contains
hyperbole
oxymoron
simile
litotes
33.The sentence "I would give you the whole world to know" contains
hyperbole
zeugma
inversion
pun
34.The word ‘quath’ is …
an archaism
a neologism
a slangism
an international word.
35.The sentence “Oh, my love is like a red, red rose” contains.
simile
oxymoron
litotes
metonymy
36.Language and culture are
not connected
should be taught in isolation
should be taught separately
intertwined
37.The founder of the phoneme theory was
de Courteney
Shcherba
Vassilyev
Vinogradov
38.L. Shcherba suggested … main types of style in pronunciation.
2
5
8
14
39.Which of the functions isn’t typical of a phoneme?
distinctive
constitutive
recognitive
communicative
40.Logical stress is the singling out of the
word
vowel
syllable
sense group
41.Long vowels in English are considered to be
tense
front-retracted
lax
neutral
42.Finite and non-finite verbs are distinguished according to …
the implicit grammatical meaning.
the nature of predication (primary and secondary).
the way of forming past tenses and participle II.
their functional significance.
43.Semantic approach to classify words into parts of speech …
is based on the similarity of lexical meaning.
reveals paradigmatic properties.
concerns the syntactic function of words and their combinability.
is based on Latin grammar.
44.This category of a verb expresses relations between the subject and the object of the action or between the subject and the action.
voice
mood
aspect
tense
45.According to the type of syntagmatic relations the word-group ‘bread and butter’ is …
coordinate
subordinate
predicative
expanded
46.According to the structure the word-group ‘extremely hot weather’ is …
extended
expanded
predicative
subordinate
47.What phonetic process do the correspondences underlined in these cognate words illustrate: Goth. auso – Germ. ohr, NE ear?
rhotacism
the development of Common Germanic diphthongs in Old English
splitting
Verner’s Law
48.Choose the tense form of the verb which was characteristic of the Old English period?
non-past
future
present continuous
past perfect
49.What means of building the degrees of comparison were used in Middle English?
both analytical and synthetic means
analytical forms more, most
synthetic forms er, est
there were no degrees of comparison in Middle English
50.What phenomenon / process in the History of the English language does this example illustrate: NE ‘man – men’, ‘tooth – teeth’; strong – strength?
Suppletivism
Transfer from strong to weak verbs
Palatal Mutation
Splitting
51.Fill in the missing letters to demonstrate the changes in orthography that occurred after the Norman Conquest: OE ðata – ME _ _ at.
th
ch
sl
sp
52.Narrowing of meaning is …
a) specialization
b) generalization
c) substantivization
d) charactertization
53.Synonyms are defined as words with ____ meaning.
close
identical
logical
opposite
54.Phraseological units are understood as …
non-motivated word-combinations that are reproduced as ready-made stable units
motivated word-combinations that allow of variability of their components
stable words with partially or fully transferred meanings
a sentence group with a fixed lexical composition and grammatical structure
55.All dictionaries can be divided into two large groups: ____.
encyclopaedic and linguistic
general and restricted
multilingual and monolingual
explanatory and translation
56.The main types of semantic transfer are …
metaphor and metonymy
irony and enantiosis
overstatement and understatement
euphemism
57.Metaphors that entered the language long ago and are commonly used without being noticed are
trite
genuine
poetic
grammatical
58.Onomatopoeia can be defined as
a combination of speech sounds which aims at imitating sounds produced by nature, people or animals
an effect of ease and comfort in pronouncing and hearing
a repetition of similar vowel sounds in close succession aimed at phonetic and semantic organization of an utterance
a repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds in neighboring words
59.A word or a group of words giving an expressive characterization of the object described is
epithet
metaphor
simile
metonymy
60.Metonymy is
a description of an object
a comparison of two things
the use of a proper name in place of a common one
a transfer of a name of one object to another with which it is in some way connected
61.The following forms may be referred to metonymy
synecdoche and periphrasis
antonomasia and periphrasis
metaphor and simile
personification and irony
62.Teachers can establish rapport (согласие) by:
never soliciting students’ ideas and feelings
ignoring what students think and say
working with students as a team
laughing at students
63.In the 18th and 19th centuries Latin and Greek were taught by means of what has been called
Classical Method
Eclectic approach
TPR (Total Physical Response)
TBL (Task-based Learning)
64.Which of the functions is not typical of word-stress
constitutive
distinctive
recognitive
distributional
65.National pronunciation standards are
constantly changing
regional
fixed and immutable
homogeneous
66.The English word stress is characterized by
variations of force, pitch, quantity and quality
sonority of vowels
fixed placement
the rhythmic organization in the connected speech
67.According to the nature of the head the word-group ‘nothing interesting’ is …
pronoun-phrase
adjective-phrase
verb-phrase
adverbial-phrase
68.According to one of modern approaches to grouping the words of language into classes, the words ‘we, for, while’ belong to…
closed class
open class
numerals class
mixed class
69.The word ‘bookish’ consists of two morphemes. According to the existing classifications of morphemes, the -ish morpheme is…
bound, affixal (a derivational suffix)
bound, affixal (an inflectional suffix)
free, functional
free, lexical
70.The morphological classification of nouns in Old English is based on:
meaning of nouns, their gender and probably number
number, case and gender of nouns
gender, perhaps meaning and stem-forming suffixes
gender, meaning and probably stem- forming suffixes
71.What phonetic process do the correspondences underlined in these cognate words illustrate: ME take [ta:kə] – NE take [teɪk]?
Great Vowel Shift
Grimm’s Law
OE breaking
Gemination in Common Germanic
72.Imagine that you are writing a course paper on the category of mood in Modern English. Your task is to study the peculiarities of this category in present-day British and American variants of the English language. What approach to language study are you supposed to use?
synchronic
diachronic
modern
historical
73.A new word or expression, or a word used with a new meaning is called ___.
neologism
occasional word
obsolete word
term
74.The words incredulous and incredible are …
antonyms
homonyms
synonyms
paronyms
75.The USA, the U.N.O. are …
Latin abbreviations
shortened words
acronyms
paronym
76.The most distinctive feature of the publicistic style is:
individuality in selecting language means
informing and instructing the reader
official and formal approach
logical argumentation and emotional appeal
77.Materialized information clothed in a sound form is called
message
signal
code
idea
78.The most conservative functional style is
the official style
the scientific prose style
the newspaper style
the oratorical style
79.Received Pronunciation is the language
spoken in New Zealand
spoken in the USA
of radio, TV, theatres, universities and schools
of cartoons
80.The most difficult for Ukrainian and Russian-speaking students are the following words:
concrete
abstract
content
structural