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Topic 1 - Modification of phonemes in connected speech. English vowels and consonants in connected speech. Elision. Assimilation. Accommodation. Co-articulation.

Task #1.

Read and translate the following poem, find examples of elision, assimilation, accommodation.

CHAOS

1. Dearest creature in creation,

2. Study English pronunciation.

3. I will teach you in my verse

4. Sounds like corpse, corps, horse, and worse.

5. I will keep you, Suzy, busy,

6. Make your head with heat grow dizzy.

7. Tear in eye, your dress will tear.

8. So shall I! Oh hear my prayer.

9. Just compare heart, beard, and heard,

10. Dies and diet, lord and word,

11. Sword and sward, retain and Britain.

12. (Mind the latter, how it's written.)

13. Now I surely will not plague you

14. With such words as plaque and ague.

15. But be careful how you speak:

16. Say break and steak, but bleak and streak;

17. Cloven, oven, how and low.

18. Script, receipt, show, poem, and toe.

19. Hear me say, devoid of trickery,

20. Daughter, laughter, and Terpsichore,

21. Typhoid, measles, topsails, aisles,

22. Exiles, similes, and reviles;

23. Scholar, vicar, and cigar,

24. Solar, mica, war and far;

25. One, anemone, Balmoral,

26. Kitchen, lichen, laundry, laurel;

27. Gertrude, German, wind and mind,

28. Scene, Melpomene, mankind.

29. Billet does not rhyme with ballet,

30. Bouquet, wallet, mallet, chalet.

31. Blood and flood are not like food,

32. Nor is mould like should and would.

33. Viscous, viscount, load and broad,

34. Toward, to forward, to reward.

35. And your pronunciation's OK

36. When you correctly say croquet,

37. Rounded, wounded, grieve and sieve.

38. Friend and fiend, alive and live.

39. Ivy, privy, famous; clamour

40. And enamour rhyme with hammer.

41. River, rival, tomb, bomb, comb,

42. Doll and roll and some and home.

43. Stranger does not rhyme with anger,

44. Neither does devour with clangour.

45. Font, front, wont, want, grand, and grant,

46. Shoes, goes, does. Now first say finger,

47. And then singer, ginger, linger,

48. Real, zeal, mauve, gauze, gouge and gauge,

49. Marriage, foliage, mirage, and age.

50. Query does not rhyme with very,

51. Nor does fury sound like bury.

52. Dost, lost, post and doth, cloth, loth.

53. Job, nob, bosom, transom, oath.

54. Though the differences seem little

55. We say actual but victual.

56. Refer does not rhyme with deafer.

57. Feoffer does, and zephyr, heifer.

58. Mint, pint, senate and sedate;

59. Dull, bull, and George ate late.

60. Scenic, Arabic, Pacific,

61. Science, conscience, scientific.

62. Liberty, library, heave and heaven,

63. Rachel, ache, moustache, eleven.

64. We say hallowed, but allowed,

65. People, leopard, towed, but vowed.

66. Mark the differences, moreover,

67. Between mover, cover, clover;

68. Leeches, breeches, wise, precise,

69. Chalice, but police and lice;

70. Camel, constable, unstable,

71. Principle, disciple, label.

72. Petal, panel, and canal,

73. Wait, surprise, plait, promise, pal.

74. Worm and storm, chaise, chaos, chair,

75. Senator, spectator, mayor.

76. Tour, but our and succour, four.

77. Gas, alas, and Arkansas.

78. Sea, idea, Korea, area,

79. Psalm, Maria, but malaria

80. Youth, south, southern, cleanse and clean.

81. Doctrine, turpentine, marine.

82. Compare alien with Italian,

83. Dandelion and battalion.

84. Sally with ally, yea, ye,

85. Eye, I, ay, aye, whey, and key.

86. Say aver, but ever, fever,

87. Neither, leisure, skein, deceiver.

88. Heron, granary, canary.

89. Crevice and device and aerie.

90. Face, but preface, not efface.

91. Phlegm, phlegmatic, ass, glass, bass.

92. Large, but target, gin, give, verging,

93. Ought, out, joust and scour, scourging.

94. Ear, but earn and wear and tear

95. Do not rhyme with here but ere.

96. Seven is right, but so is even,

97. Hyphen, roughen, nephew Stephen,

98. Monkey, donkey, Turk and jerk,

99. Ask, grasp, wasp, and cork and work.

100. Pronunciation - think of Psyche!

101. Is a paling stout and spikey?

102. Won't it make you lose your wits,

103. Writing groats and saying grits?

104. It's a dark abyss or tunnel:

105. Strewn with stones, stowed, solace, gunwale,

106. Islington and Isle of Wight,

107. Housewife, verdict and indict.

108. Finally, which rhymes with enough --

109. Though, through, plough, or dough, or cough?

110. Hiccough has the sound of cup.

111. My advice is to give up!!!

Topic 2 Spread of English.

Task #1 Write an analysis paper on the following topics.

The problem of the American Pronunciation Standard. The principal Features of the American Pronunciation Standard.

American Local Dialects:

1. Eastern American

2. Southern American

Pidgin English

Black English

Task #2 Write an analysis paper on the following topics.