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123
12 Total Extraperitoneal (TEP) Approach in Inguinal Hernia Repair: the Old and the New

12.7.5 Hernia Reduction

Medial or Direct Hernia In the endolaparoscopic approach, a defect medial to
the inferior epigastric hernia and at the level of the Hesselbach’s triangle is a
direct hernia. Reduction can be easily achieved by identifying and holding the
hernia “pseudosac” and dividing it from the preperitoneal lipoma and peritoneum.
Special care should be taken once the pubis arch is reached because of the risk of

The “pseudosac” is grabbed and the hernia contents are then reduced.
Fig. 12.9 Anatomic landmarks in endo-laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair
Fig. 12.10
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D. Lomanto and E.L. Sta. Clara
Femoral Hernia Reduction of the hernia sac and content is achieved by gentle
traction keeping in mind that the vessels hide behind the content (Fig. 12.11). If



Obturator Hernia 


Indirect Hernia Lateral to the IEV lies the deep ring and indirect hernia. The
standard approach to indirect hernia repair requires the spermatic structures to be
separated from the hernia sac. This can be achieved using the medial approach and
Fig. 12.11 Femoral hernia
Fig. 12.12 Widening of the
femoral ring at the medial-
upper side
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12 Total Extraperitoneal (TEP) Approach in Inguinal Hernia Repair: the Old and the New





to the testis by overtraction. It is suggested to divide the sac using diathermy to

loops. Lipoma of the cord should be fully reduced.


       



12.7.6 Mesh Repair

             

mesh is rolled up and inserted through the 10-mm trocar. A “no-touch technique”
is mandatory to avoid mesh infection. The mesh is opened and inserted into the




muscle. In bilateral hernias, there should be a 1-2-cm overlap of the meshes at the
midline. It is important to make sure that no part of the peritoneum is under the
mesh to prevent any recurrence.
Fig. 12.13 Obturator hernia
126
D. Lomanto and E.L. Sta. Clara
The mesh is then anchored using tackers or sealant to prevent mesh migration

ligament, medial to the inferior epigastric vessels at the rectus muscle and, if


       
postoperative chronic pain.
An accurate hemostasis should be guaranteed if the correct surgical plane is
      
mesh is not rolled and the peritoneum stays in front of the mesh so as to prevent

necessary. The ports are then removed and the anterior rectus sheath incision at the

sutures or glue.

12.8 Reduced and Single Port Technique



hernia repair such as needlescopic surgery and the single incision endolaparo-



      




hernia repair but for also cholecystectomy, appendectomy, adrenalectomy, etc.
[9–13]. The possible advantages of single or reduced port surgery in hernia
repair can be attributed to less pain, better cosmesis, less risk for port-site hernia,
and even shorter hospital stays. A technical challenge is the ergonomics, as the


 



single port surgery in hernia repair, making this novel approach acceptable and

127
12 Total Extraperitoneal (TEP) Approach in Inguinal Hernia Repair: the Old and the New

12.9 Postoperative Care

 
 
 
 

12.10 Complications

    

           
        



      

         


 

      

  





      

     








128
D. Lomanto and E.L. Sta. Clara

12.11 Conclusions

     
       
reduced postoperative pain, less need for postoperative analgesia, earlier return to

  
treatment is for bilateral or recurrent hernias. As for any successful surgical
technique – but especially in hernia repair – a careful patient selection, a good
understanding of the anatomy, an adequate surgical technique and the surgeon’s



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 
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
 
on the treatment of inguinal hernia in adult patients. Hernia 13:343–403
         

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 

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
 
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 
  
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    -
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 
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G. Campanelli (Ed), Inguinal Hernia Surgery,
Updates in Surgery
DOI: 10.1007/978-88-470-3947-6_13, © Springer-Verlag Italia 2017
C.D. Ballecer ()
Center for Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery

e-mail: cballecer@cmirs.com
13
Robotic Transabdominal Preperitoneal
Inguinal Hernia Repair
Conrad D. Ballecer, Edward L. Felix, and Brian E. Prebil

13.1 Introduction

While the DaVinci robot (Intuitive Surgical Inc.) has been in use since the turn
      
            
 
data demonstrating value relative to conventional laparoscopy. Despite the above,


its adoption in the hernia space for both minimally invasive surgical (MIS) repairs


many believe translates into an enabling or facilitating technology.

 
            
           



to regularly incorporate MIS hernia repair into their practice. This statement
underscores a very important concept in that robotic inguinal hernia repair


repair must be adhered to.
132
C.D. Ballecer et al.
This chapter is dedicated to detailing the robotic transabdominal preperitoneal
    

13.2 Patient Positioning, Trocar Set-up, Docking,
and Instrumentation
The patient can either be placed in a conventional supine or lithotomy position.
      
     
trocar although an 8.5-mm daVinci (dV) trocar for the 8-mm camera may also be
Fig. 13.1 Adoption of
robotic inguinal hernia
repair (courtesy of Intuitive
Surgical Inc.)
Fig. 13.2 Adoption of
robotic ventral hernia
repair (courtesy of Intuitive
Surgical Inc.)
133
13 Robotic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair

the camera port, irrespective of the site of the hernia.



right and left groins in the setting of bilateral hernias.

        

 

hernias, a dV Maryland bipolar grasper may be considered helpful to facilitated
hernia sac reduction.
Fig. 13.3 
Fig. 13.4 Docking in a supine lithotomy position