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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_1375_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
386
Index
Perforated diverticulitis (cont.)
surgery-related variables, 132
young age, 144
Perineal proctosigmoidectomy
Altemeier procedure, 163
anesthetic options, 164
bipolar devices, 165
completion rigid proctoscopy, 165
description, 163, 164
early perineal, 163
ERAS pathway, 165
history, 163
preoperative colonoscopy, 164
recurrence rate, 165
redundant rectum and sigmoid colon, 165
Perioperative outcomes
HAL/open colectomy, 212
minimally invasive techniques, 212
PET/CT imaging, 294
Pneumoperitoneum, 124
Polypoid lesions, 44, 47
Postoperative recovery
ERPs
dened, 23
late recovery, 24
stages of, 24
Primary anastomosis, 123, 124
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), 33, 46
Pseudomembranous colitis, 107, 109
Puborectalis and external anal sphincter, 157
Pudendal nerve terminal motor latency
(PNTML), 156
Q
Quality of life (QoL), 172, 309, 310
R
Radiofrequency energy delivery, 199
Radiotherapy, 332
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 123, 358
RAPIDO trial, 336
RCT COLOR III, 282
Rectal anal inhibitory reex (RAIR), 184
Rectal cancer
APE (see Abdominoperineal excision (APE))
AR, 264
clinical/pathological response, 296
CRT, 296
ELAPE (see Extralevator
abdominoperineal excision
(ELAPE))
local recurrences, 295
MRI, 293, 294
residual adenoma, 293
TME, 264
tumor response
cCR, 290, 291
local excision, 292, 293
neoadjuvant therapy, 289
pCR, 290
Rectal xation/rectopexy, 177, 178
Rectal hyposensitivity, 190
Rectal prolapse (RP)
abdominal procedures, 166
aetiology, 172
Bowel resection, 178
decision making practices, 172
denitions, 172
Delorme’s procedure, 173
(dys)functionality, 171
functional outcomes, 174
laparoscopic vs. open abdominal
rectopexy, 174
laparoscopy, 174
LVMR, 171
open surgery use, 174
patient assessment, 173
PROSPER trial, 171
randomised trials, 174, 176
rectal xation/rectopexy, 177, 178
rectum mobilisation, 177
repair of, 168
surgical options, 173–178
surgical procedures, 174
symptoms, 172
trans-abdominal route advantages, 174
ventral rectopexy, 174
Rectal prolapse repair, 168
Rectal surgery
colorectal operations, 5
OMBP with/without enema vs. enema, 5
Rectoanal inhibitory reex (RAIR), 156
Rectocele
classication, 185
description, 185
transanal approach, 186
transvaginal approach, 186
Rectopexy, 168
Rectum mobilisation, 177
Recurrence probability
elective “prophylactic” colectomy, 145
optimal/cutoff number, 145
Residual adenoma, 293
Robotic or Laparoscopic Anterior Rectal
Resection trial (ROLARR), 374
Robotic proctectomy, 374, 375
Index
387
S
Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS)
ABS, 198
adverse events, 194
anorectal manometry, 195
antegrade neuromodulation, cerebral
cortex, 195
continence, 194
“device on” vs. “device off” phase, 198
efcacy of, 194
FENIX magnetic sphincter augmentation
(MSA), 198
high-grade internal rectal prolapse, 195
injectable bulking agents, 199
intention-to-treat analysis, 194
outcomes, permanent implantation,
195–197
PNE, 195
radiofrequency energy delivery, 199
SaFaRI trial, 198
sphincteroplasty, 198, 199
Short-course vs. long-course radiotherapy
APR rates, 335
capecitabine and oxaliplatin, 336
criticisms, 332
disease-free survival, 336
LC chemoradiation, 330
lymphatic tissue, 329
meta-analyses, 330
patient selection, 336, 337
pCR rates, 335
postoperative radiotherapy, 329, 330
preoperative chemoradiation, 330
preoperative radiotherapy, 330
radical resection, 336
radiotherapy/hypofractionation, 332
rectal adenocarcinoma, 335
rectal cancer, 329
SC radiation vs. LC chemoradiation, 333,
336
toxicity, 330, 336
tumor downsizing, 336
Sigmoid colon resection, 122
Sigmoid diverticular abscess, 100
Sigmoidocele, 186
SILS abdominal approach, 306
Small bowel obstruction, 102, 103
Specimen, see Transrectal specimen extraction
Spectrophotometry, 361
Sphincteroplasty, 194, 195, 198, 199, 201
Sphincter-preserving surgery (SPS), 301–303
Sphincter-saving procedures, 343
Sphincter-sparing surgery, 310
Stapled straight coloanal anastomosis, 317
Stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR), 188
Stockholm III trial, 335
Stoma creation technique, 245, 246
Stoma placement, 244
Straight coloanal anastomosis (SCAA), 314,
317, 320, 322, 323
Subtotal colectomy, 110
Sugarbaker technique, 253, 255, 257, 258
Superior rectal artery (SRA) preservation, 132
Surgical site infection (SSI), 3, 5
Surveillance intervals, 50, 51
Swedish Rectal Cancer Trial, 330
T
The Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative-
Colectomy Best Practices Project
database, 15
Tissue oxygenation, 361
Total abdominal colectomy (TAC), 113–116,
119
Total mesorectal excision (TME), 264, 301,
330, 342, 356, 369, 371
Toxic megacolon, 108, 110
Transabdominal approach, 315
Transanal abdominal transanal proctectomy
(TATA)
advantage, 302, 303
Allis-Adair clamps, 304, 305
complications, 307
dentate line, 304
intersphincteric dissection, 305, 306
ISR, 309
local recurrence, 308
minimally invasive transanal, 305
morbidity, 308
patient positioning, 303, 304
postoperative management, 307, 308
QoL, 309
TME, 308
transabdominal, 305
Transanal dissection, 345, 347, 348
Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM),
76, 85, 87–91, 301
Transanal endoscopic operation (TEO), 85, 87
Transanal endoscopic surgery (TES)
advanced and higher-risk medical
comorbidities, 86
advantages, 86
caution, 90
complication rates, 89
defect closure, 87, 88
description, 85
early-stage rectal neoplastic lesions, 89
388
Index
Transanal endoscopic surgery (TES) (cont.)
vs. EMR and ESD, 90, 91
endoluminal resection, 87
endoscope and pneumorectum, 85
full-thickness vs. submucosal excision, 87
learning curve, 89
lithotomy, prone/lateral position, 87
local excision, 90
local recurrence rates, 86
long-term follow-up, 90
malignant rectal lesions, 90
margin outline, 87
marginal outline, 87
natural orice surgery, 85
oral intake, 89
pneumorectum, 87
positive margin, higher-risk histologic
features, 90
postoperative care, 89
TAMIS technique, 88
Transanal low rectal dissection, 347
Transanal minimally invasive surgery
(TAMIS), 85, 88, 275
Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME),
308, 375, 376
abdominal and perineal phase, 276
anastomotic techniques, 277, 278
clinicopathological outcomes, 279, 280
complications, 281
contraindications, 276
distal purse string placement, 277
full-thickness rectotomy, 277
laparoscopic, 276, 278, 280, 281
morbidity and mortality, 278
oncological outcomes, 280, 281
operative steps, 277
patient selection and indications, 276
quality of life, 281
randomised controlled trials, 282
specimen extraction, 277
TME dissection, 277
Transanal transabdominal approach
(TATA), 275, 375
Trans-perineal approach, 315
Transrectal specimen extraction
enhanced recovery after surgery
protocols, 227
hospital stay after laparoscopic colorectal
resection, 227
laparoscopic (assisted) approach, 227
NOSE (see Natural orice specimen
extraction (NOSE) colectomy)
Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group
(TROG), 333
Transverse coloplasty (TC), 315, 316, 321, 322
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 363
Tumor regression, 291
Tumor response
cCR, 289–291
cPR, 289
DRE, 291
incisional biopsies, 291
local excision, 292, 293
molecular imaging, 294
neoadjuvant therapy, 289
pCR, 290
PET/CT imaging, 294
Tumor specic TME (TSTME), 370
Turnbull “Blowhole” procedure, 117, 118
U
Ulcerative colitis (UC), 33, 43, 207
V
Ventral rectopexy (VR), 187, 188
Veterans Affairs (VA), 7
Virtual chromoendoscopy, 63
Visible lesions management
biopsies, 48
endoscopically resectable/unresectable, 46
in IBD, 45, 47
LGD, HGD and/or IND, 48
nonpolypoid lesions, 47, 48
polypoid lesions, 47
submucosal brosis, 47
W
Watch & Wait (WW), 290, 292–294, 296
White-light endoscopy (WLE)
biopsies, 34
CE, 37–39
conventional video colonoscopy, 34
HD colonoscopy technology, 36
NBI, 39, 40
non-polypoid, at, ill-dened/multifocal, 34
society recommendations, 34
surveillance colonoscopies, 34