Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5234_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана

Among the many ways that medical articial intelligence (AI) may enhance neu­rological procedures are by helping patients get diagnosed, actively treating their symptoms in between in-person consultations, anticipating and averting likely are­ups, and more. Differential symptoms are displayed by people with a variety of mental and behavioral disorders. Verbal output, whether spoken or written, body language, tone of voice, and facial expressions can all be used to diagnose a patient. There are many moral and legal issues that medical sector must deal with. While AI has made great strides in society and may lead to better treatment results, not all cul­tures can afford it [1]. The most recent technology is still unavailable in many devel- oping and low-income countries. Not to mention, there are a lot of concerns we have to deal with, such moral dilemmas, data privacy and protection, informed consent, societal divides, medical advice, empathy, and compassion. The Indian Committee of Clinical Exploration (ICMR) has planned moral direction records every once in a while, for advancing moral and top-notch research in India. Experts and ethics com­mittees are expected to adhere to these guidelines [2]. These guidelines aim to offer guidance without restricting innovation or suggesting specic diagnostic or thera­peutic approaches for diseases, but to facilitate safe and effective use of AI technolo­gies in biomedical research and healthcare delivery. With the broad implications of AI-based technologies in healthcare, these guidelines apply to health professionals, technology developers, researchers, entrepreneurs, hospitals, research institutions, organization(s), and laypersons who wish to use health data for biomedical research and healthcare delivery using AI technology and techniques. AI is continuously using for the development of “smart” healthcare devices, which have the ability to learn difcult patterns from big and complex datasets like neurodisorders and many other mental diseases. Virtual health assistants, tailored medications, and smart dig­ital tablets are some AI-driven computer programs that will assist primary care doc­tors in more precisely identifying patients who need special treatment and care and in developing protocols that are tailored to each patient. AI can be used by doctors to take notes, evaluate patient conversations, and upload necessary data straight into electronic health record systems [3]. But AI may be abused when applied incorrectly due to biases and other factors. So, AI in smart healthcare creates a number of new ethical questions.

patients engage with robotic medical professionals, they may not show empathy, courtesy, or proper conduct due to the machines’ absence of human traits such as compassion. One of the key disadvantages of AI in the eld of medicine is this. AI is widely used in healthcare [8]. Some examples are booking appointments online, checking in online at hospitals, converting medical documents into digital format, sending reminders for follow-up appointments and vaccinations, calculat­ing medication dosage, and issuing alerts about possible side effects of combining medications.

In spite of many benets of AI in healthcare, there are many challenges that a health­care professional has to deal with [10]. Some of these are:

• The major ethical dilemma in AI-powered mental healthcare is data pri­vacy issues, like data breaches and exploitation of patient information for commercial use, which require strict protection measures.

• Keeping up with ethical guidelines in AI-based mental healthcare, lack of transparency in AI can impede understanding of how decisions are made. Understanding how AI operates and makes decisions is essential for patients and healthcare providers to ensure responsible use. Furthermore, it is crucial to hold AI accountable for its outcomes in cases of adverse events or mistakes.

4.3 CONCLUSION

This study lays the groundwork for ongoing discussions, partnerships, and exami­nation of ethical dilemmas as AI further inuences the healthcare eld. In this research, we found that there are just as many supporters as detractors of this new era of AI-augmented practice. Many aspiring and current doctors are concerned about the decline in employment opportunities brought about by the rising use of technol­ogy. While machines can interpret human behavior logically and analytically, they cannot develop human qualities like creativity, emotional intelligence, interpersonal and communication skills, critical thinking, or creative thinking. AI is going to be increasingly used in healthcare and hence needs to be morally accountable. Even though AI can’t replace the role of clinical judgment completely, it can nonetheless aid in decision-making for clinicians. In many cases where there is a lack of medical knowledge and resources, AI can be utilized for screening and evaluation. AI deci­sions, unlike human decision-making, are always methodical due to the presence of algorithms [15]. It is observed by many groups that the fast speed development of AI in healthcare is an excellent strategy that might support healthcare practitioners. Nevertheless, despite the extensive potential and development of AI in the medical and healthcare sectors, this achievement has created additional challenges for medi­cal ethics. We should be cautious because the disadvantages of it may outweigh the benets. Professionals must consider morals and compassion when addressing this problem.