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Файл:Тесты по английскому языку с заданиями повышенной сложности. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию и экзамену
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4. She said the dog was in the armchair
A all day long.
B now and then.
C often
D once in while.
5. Mrs. Goff thought dogs should not be allowed
A in an armchair.
B in the best armchair.
C in the hotel.
D in the sitting-room.
Choose the correct translation.
¾
6. Can you please keep the animal out?
A Могли бы вы не впускать животное?
B Могли бы вы привязать животное?
C Могли бы вы оставить животное в покое?
D Могли бы вы увести животное?
True or false.
¾
1. Mrs. Tomkins complained about a large dog because he was constantly barking in the sitting-room.
2. Mr. Goff has a rather critical mind.
3. Mr. and Mrs. Goff did not want people to leave because of dogs.
Complete each sentence with one of the endings
¾
1. She complained about…
2. He and his wife were simple people and had only lately bought…
3. They needed all visitors they could get, and they did not want…
4. Dogs are welcome, but are asked not…
5. English dogs may be able to read it, but if any foreign dogs come to stay…
A … the hotel.
B … people to leave because of dogs.
C … a large dog which was frequently to be found sitting in the best
armchair in the sitting-room.
D … to go into the dining-room and not to sit on the furniture.
E …, they won’t understand it.
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CHOCOLATE FEVER
Now the whole country, indeed, the whole world, seemed
suddenly to be caught up in a mad chocolate-buying fever, everybody searching for those precious remaining tickets. Fully grown
women were seen going into sweet shops and buying ten Wonka
bars at time, then tearing off the wrappers on the spot and peering
eagerly underneath for a golden paper. Children were taking hammers and smashing their piggy banks and running out to the shops
with handfuls of money. In one city, a famous gangster robbed a
bank of a thousand pounds and spent the whole lot on Wonka bars
that same afternoon. And when the police entered his house to arrest him, they found him sitting on the floor amidst mountains of
chocolate, ripping off the wrappers with the blade of a long knife.
In far-off Russia, a woman called Charlotte Russe said she had
found the second ticket, but it turned out to be a cleverly made
false ticket. The famous English scientist, Professor Foulbody,
invented a machine which would tell you at once, without opening
the wrapper of a bar of chocolate, whether or not there was a
Golden Ticket underneath it. The machine had a mechanical arm
that shot out with enormous force and grabbed hold of anything
that had the slightest bit of gold inside it, and for a moment, it
looked like the answer to everything. But unfortunately, while the
Professor was showing off the machine to the public at the sweet
counter of a large department store, the mechanical arm shot out
and made a grab for the gold filling in the back tooth of a baroness
who was standing near by. There was an ugly scene, and the machine was smashed by the crowd.
Suddenly, on the day before Charlie Bucket’s birthday, the
newspapers announced that the second Golden Ticket had been
found. The lucky person was a small girl called Veruca Salt who
lived with her rich parents in a great city far away. Once again,
Mr. Bucket’s evening newspaper carried a big picture of the
finder. She was sitting between her beaming father and mother in the
living room of their house, waving the Golden Ticket above her head,
and grinning from ear to ear.
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Choose the best answer.
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1. After reading this text, we may safely conclude that it is part of
A a story written for children.
B an advertisement.
C a speech.
D the news section in a newspaper.
2. The word ‘fever’ (line 2) indicates here:
A amusement
B excitement
C illness
D temperature
3. Why does the author mention that the women are fully grown?
A Because it is only when women are fully grown that they need so
many Wonka bars to satisfy their hunger.
B Because it makes the fact that they bought and unwrapped so many
Wonka bars more surprising.
C Because only grown-up women buy ten Wonka bars at a time.
D Because other women were not seen going into sweet shops.
4. Why did all the people mentioned in the text buy lots of Wonka bars?
A They never got tired of eating Wonka bars.
B They wanted to find a golden paper in a Wonka bar.
C They wanted to try out Professor Foulbody’s machine.
D They were afraid that the delicious Wonka bars would be sold out soon.
5. What does the word ‘it’ in line 18 refer to?
A Professor Foulbody’s machine (line16)
B the wrapper (line 17)
C a bar of chocolate (line 17)
D the mechanical arm (line 18)
Choose the correct translation
¾
6. Children were taking hammers and smashing their piggy banks.
A Дети взяли молотки и разбили свои свиные банки.
B Дети брали молотки и разбивали свои копилки
C Дети взяли молотки и разбили свои копилки.
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True or false.
¾
1. A famous banker robbed a bank of a thousand dollars and spent a
whole lot on Wonka bars.
2. The machine had a mechanical arm that killed out with enormous force.
3. After a terrible scene the machine was ruined by the crowd.
Complete each sentence with one of the endings.
¾
1. Now the whole country seemed suddenly...
2. Fully grown women were seen...
3. When the police entered his house...
4. The Professor was showing the machine to the public...
5. The lucky person was ...
A a famous gangster was sitting on the floor amidst mountains of
chocolate.
B going into sweet shops.
C a small girl called Veruca Salt.
D to be caught up in a mad chocolate fever.
E when the mechanical arm made a grab for the gold filling in the back
tooth of a baroness.
A TYPICAL MORNING
Ally remembered her diary. She must start to write it. Lou,
her friend, had given her one for Christmas. Lou was going to
keep a diary too, so that they could compare notes about all the
exciting things that happened during the year. Ally thought of
the things she could write. This first day of the year was dark
and snowing. Luckily it was a Saturday. Breakfast could be late.
Auntie Glad dressed in the dark and went off to wash in the
scullery. The only water in the flat was there, and the bath was
under the kitchen table.
Ally turned on the light and opened her diary. She wrote:
‘Hello, New Year. Aren’t you cold?
114
5
10
We all live here in the flat. Mum, Dad, and Auntie Glad,
me, Val, Doreen and Len. Auntie Glad came to live here when
Dad’s mum died. I wished for a lot of things this morning, but I
won’t get them. I heard Mum go out to work at five. She’s still
cleaning offices but will be back for breakfast. Dad works on the
railway. I must make the morning tea...’
She went to put the kettle on when Auntie Glad came back
to do her hair. They did not speak to each other. There was nothing to say at half past seven in the morning. It was too cold.
Auntie Glad began taking out her curlers.
The kitchen smelt stuffy. Ally put on the hot water, then
some cups and saucers on a tray and buttered a few slices of
bread. Auntie Glad ate no breakfast, but she would be glad of a
cup of tea. Dad was now shaving at the sink. It was like a jigsaw
puzzle to fit in all activities of the scullery. To an observer, the
Berners family might seem to be performing a complicated
dance as they washed, shaved, cleaned teeth and cooked meals.
Ally laid breakfast for six while Auntie Glad slipped across the
room and out of the door like a small grey mouse. No one saw
her go. All she had done was to leave an empty cup with a few
tea leaves in it.
Mum came back and the day really began. ‘You ought to
have seen us girls this morning,’ she cried as she opened the
door. ‘Laugh! We nearly died! There was ice nearly everywhere
and the bus was skidding about. We had that fat conductor. He’s
a scream. Kept us all in fits. Come on, let’s have a cup of tea.
I’m dying for one.’
That was Mum all over, bringing the frosty morning and the
jokes of the other cleaners home with her. She was always
laughing and talking and always ready to sit down and have a
cup of tea. Being stout these days, she was glad to take the
weight off her feet. If the flat was usually rather untidy, well,
what of it?
‘The house is made for the people, not the people for the
house,’ said Mum, shoving an armful of clothes and toys into the
nearest drawer.
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Choose the best answer.
¾
1. What did Ally need a diary for?
A She had to write it.
B Lou, her friend, was going to keep a diary too.
C She could write everything she wanted.
D They could compare notes about everything.
2. What did Auntie Glad do?
A She went to work.
B She went off to wash.
C She went to put the kettle on.
D She went downstairs.
3. How many people lived in Ally’s flat?
A 4
B 5
C 6
D 7
4. What does the word “scullery” mean? (line 8)
A the place where people wash
B the place where people wash up.
C the place where people take a shower.
D the place where people keep things.
5. Who ate no breakfast?
A Ally
B Mum
C Dad
D Auntie Glad
Find equivalents.
¾
1. in fits (line 37)
2. all over (line 39)
3. stuffy (line 22)
4. shoving (line 46)
5. stout (line 42)
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THE NURSE
When she left school, the writer went to work in an office. But
she didn’t have anything interesting to do and her job didn’t satisfy
her. She felt it was worthless and boring. So she decided to find
something else.
In December I went to be a nurse in London. Everything sud-
denly fused together, the desire for London and for a job with
some esteem. I also thought that if I had a career, then if the bloke
I married (who didn’t exist) died, I could go back to work and look
after the children (that I didn’t have). Somebody must have told
me all that...
It did my three months P.T.S., the Preliminary Training
School, in South London I lived in the Nurses’ Home. We were
allowed out till eleven on Saturday night. On evenings off we used
to sit in our rooms and listen to Luxembourg. The brave ones went
and brought beer and chips back. We studied Anatomy, Public
Health, Physiology, Hygiene and all that. It wasn’t difficult. But
everybody else was studying like mad. I thought they’re all just the
same as me, so I’d better study as well. I was terrified the first time
I had to go into ward. For two hours every Monday for six weeks I
had to go to an orthopaedic ward. It looked awful. Everybody with
their arms and legs all tied up. I was scared stiff, not excited. The
sister was a battle-axe and everyone was terrified of her. It was all
so different from having been taught what to do in lectures. It was
the surgical ward which really put me off. I just did the cleaning
jobs for three months, horrible ones.
My first death was exciting, though it shouldn’t have been. I
was on night-duty, still just a junior. Death is always exciting; you
want to laugh sometimes, perhaps because otherwise you might
cry... Night duty was the end. I used to feel like suicidemany times.
Life seemed so hopeless. It was just work, only work. Washing,
changing, carrying, feeding. There was never any learning.
It was awful on Saturday nights when you were going on duty and
you passed couples at bus-stops going somewhere. That’s pretty depressing. I think fifty per cent of nurses are nurses because they’ve
somehow drifted into it. Fifteen per cent are there because they’re
looking for a man. The rest are vocational.
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Choose the best answer.
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1. What does it mean “I did my three months P.T.S.”?
A She studied for 3 months.
B She was a nurse for 3 months.
C She studied to be a nurse.
D She studied to be a nurse for 3 months.
2. They were allowed:
A to work till 11 on Saturday night.
B to stay out till 11 on Saturday night.
C to stay out till 11 on evenings off
D to bring beer abd chips on Saturday night.
3. What was she afraid of?
A going into the hospital.
B cleaning jobs.
C the sister and people in wards
D deaths
4. Why did girls decide to become nurses?
A because they wanted to get husbands there.
B because they were made to.
C because they wanted to have something to do.
D because the job was not too difficult.
5. How many girls become nurses because it’s the job they really want
to do?
A 50%
B 15%
C 35%
D 65%
Find equivalents.
¾
1. bloke – line 7
2. like mad – line 17
3. the sister – line 22
4. a battle-axe – line 22
5. the end – line 29
118
INTELLIGENT MACHINE
The evolution of artificial intelligence is now proceeding very
rapidly.
"Intelligence" in a machine, as in a human, is best defined as
the ability to solve complex problems swiftly. This may involve medical diagnosis and prescriptions, resolving legal matters or playing
war-games: in other words advising governments whether or not to
go to war.
If asked to assess the chances of victory, the computer will ana-
lyze facts quite differently from the life-long military expert with
his martial enthusiasm and ambitions.
When the same statistics are fed into the emotionless ma-
chine each to be weighed with cold objectivity and then assessed
against each other, the answer, far more often than in human decision-making, will be "if you start this war you will lose".
At what point today we decide that their mental capacity is
approaching the human level? This question will be answered by
an ingenious trick known as the Turing Test.
We most easily assess people's intelligence by communicating
with them. The late British mathematician, Alan Turing, proposed a
simple test. A person would sit alone in a room talking by a teleprinter with two other beings elsewhere, one of them human
and the other a computer. When after substantial conversation he
no longer knew which was which, the computer would have passed the
Turing Test, and arguably would have attained human intelligence.
No machine today comes near to passing the Turing Test.
These are early days, however, and we may suspect that the rise of
machine's IQ will be swift.
What will happen when this moment arrives? The most likely out-
come is a world-wide slave empire, in which we are the masters and the
computers virtually run the planet for us. But what if there arises a
"Spartacus computer", a series of rebel machines with the ambition
to reverse these roles?
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Prof. Isaac Asimov may have solved the problem with a master-
piece of mathematical logic. He proposes that all intelligent machines should have the following three "Laws" programmed into
them as instincts:
1. A robot may not injure a human being, or through inaction
allow a human being to come to harm.
2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings,
except when such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence so long as such
protection does not conflict with the First and Second Laws.
It sounds foolproof, but will it work? Pessimists will still pay
attention to the ominous words of Arthur C. Clarke: "The first
invention of a super-intelligent machine will be the last invention
mankind will be allowed to make"
Choose the best possible answer.
¾
1. What does “the artificial intelligence” mean?
A. an artificial way of thinking
B. an artificial brain
C. artificial mental ability
D. artificial secret service
2. What does “the life-long military expert’ mean?
A. a long expert on military service
B. a military expert who serves very long
C. a military expert from the cradle to the grave
D. a military expert in life
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3. The word “martial” (line 10) mean:
A. from Mars
B. connected with Mars
C. partial
D. associated with war
4. What does the word “outcome” (line 29) mean?
A. coming
B. come out
C. conclusion
D. result
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