Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Corporate Social Responsibility. Monograph
.pdf
participate in the formation of market infrastructure, providing equal
conditions and opportunities for the activities of small and mediumsized businesses.
The Agency has qualified specialists in the sphere of economics,
law, sociology, programming, information and analysis. As part of its
activities, the Agency performs the following functions:
collects, analyzes and examination within its authority suggestions
and complaints of small businesses;
It provides in the prescribed manner to law enforcement bodies
materials about the revealed violations for appropriate action;
participates in the reduction of administrative barriers, regulatory
licensing, certification of goods and services, etc .;
develop and submit to the established order in the RT Cabinet of
Ministers on projects of small business solutions;
It interacts with the credit institutions and the Ministry of Finance
of the Republic of Tajikistan on lending to small businesses;
brings to the wider business loan mechanism under the state
guarantees, obtaining grants for payment of the interest on loans, the
purchase of equipment and vehicle leasing;
develops teaching materials and advice on small business;
is consulting, training, seminars and workshops on doing business;
It interacts with the media in order to promote entrepreneurship;
It contributes to the established order of RT law enforcement
agencies in the creation of protecting enterprise systems.
Performing the functions and tasks of the Agency will ensure the
conditions for the preservation of existing and creation of new small
enterprises, which gives an opportunity to increase the number of jobs in
small business.
Coordination in the field of business development functions are
performed by the Republican interdepartmental commission on economic
and social reforms, which is formed under the State Council of RT. The
commission charged with the coordination of activities in the field of
development private businesses and support entrepreneurship in the
Republic of Tatarstan, including the implementation of a comprehensive
examination of regulations in this area.
The Republican interdepartmental commission created advisory
council with representatives from the private sector, which serves as the
analysis of existing and development of new regulations to ensure equal
access for all business premises and equipment, land, establish
181
proportionate rents, conducting auctions, the allocation of subsidies to
business entities regardless of ownership in agriculture, housing and
communal services and the implementation of other measures of support.
Republican interdepartmental commission the right to
make the offers for following lines:
amending the regulations, providing support for the private sector and
entrepreneurship;
the mechanism of state financial and credit support to the private sector
in the production of goods, mainly export and import;
on the introduction of the mechanism of registration applications in a
business center, eliminating the need for their conversion to various
authorities.
The heads of administrations of cities and districts of the Republic
of Tatarstan are designed to help implement the development of business
along the following lines:
at the conclusion of lease agreements of production space to practice,
at the request of employers, the conclusion of long-term (up to 5 years)
lease agreements, including the right of redemption;
attract entrepreneurs to fulfill orders of housing and communal
services, including on the basis of family contract;
take effective measures to implement the State complex program of
development of small business, support of private business in the
country.
Thus, it was analyzed the interaction of government (at its various
levels), business (for example, associations of small and medium
enterprises) and the public in order to implement social responsibility. It
was found that the state support of entrepreneurship is socially responsible
actions of entrepreneurs. It shows the relationship of the formation and
development of social responsibility of business on state support of
entrepreneurship measures.
Analysis of interaction of state bodies, local self-government and
non-governmental organizations at the regional level revealed the existing
problems in the development of socially responsible business :
- lack of coordination of actions of state authorities, local selfgovernment of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Chamber of Commerce on
the issue s business development;
182
- insufficient information and education activities for the
development of small and medium entrepreneurship in the Republic of
Tatarstan;
- Not regular interaction authorities with public organizations of
small and medium-sized business at the municipal level.
Decision of these problems will be, in our opinion:
-Provision of quality and efficient process control, realizing the
conditions for equal access controls, and entrepreneurs to information on
the status and development of business opportunities in the Republic of
Tatarstan;
-Popularize the social programs implemented by entrepreneurs ;
-Raising the general level of professional and skills development in
small and medium-sized enterprises;
-Formation of municipal programs of development of small and
medium-sized businesses.
We have analyzed the experience of the development of socially
responsible business in the process of joint activities of state authorities,
local self-government of the Republic of Tatarstan and registered in the
country in November 1992, a non-governmental non-profit organization
"Chamber of Commerce of the Republic of Tatarstan" (CCI RT). We have
identified both positive practice and the factors hindering the development
of socially responsible business in Russia. The result of the study were the
proposals to improve the joint activities of the state in the face of local
authorities and non-governmental non-profit organization of the CCI RT to
support and development of socially responsible business in the country.
Entrepreneurship - a unique, independent, multi-faceted and
complex phenomenon of modern social and economic life. Enterprise
development has played an irreplaceable role in achieving economic
success, high rates of growth of industrial production. It is the basis of
innovation, the productive nature of the economy. The more economic
agents have the opportunity to show their initiative and creativity, the
smaller the gap between potential and actual development results. At the
same time, social responsibility advocates an indispensable component of
the Enterprise Institute, when the business is aimed at long-term sustainable
development and improving investment attractiveness .
Formation of an integrated system of state support for
entrepreneurship - a complex and long process, which is based on:
183
• legislative and regulatory framework that defines the specific
conditions of activity of business entities, regulating the forms and methods
of support;
• enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance with the law and
the equality of small businesses in their relations with the authorities and
other economic entities;
• Ensuring the safety and security of businessmen from criminal
activity;
• system of specialized institutions to ensure the development and
implementation of public policies to support entrepreneurship (public
authorities and management, public unions and employers' organizations,
specialized business support infrastructure, created with the participation of
public and private capital - funds, credit and insurance institutions,
technology parks , business incubators, industrial zones and landfills,
training, advice, information, leasing, service structures, etc.);
• government programs, the program of socio-economic
development of regions, determining investment in industry and regional
development and delivery for the state needs, forms of employment,
migration flows, etc.;
• resource (production facilities, land, equipment) and financial
support (including budgetary allocations), necessary for the implementation
of business support measures, along with the creation of conditions and
mechanisms for attracting private domestic and foreign investments.
In the Republic of Tatarstan implements a complex legislative,
organizational and executive measures to create favorable conditions for all
economic entities. In Tatarstan carried out its activities 47 900
economically active small enterprises and 521 medium-sized enterprise, the
country has consistently high annual volumes financing of measures of state
support of small and medium entrepreneurship, introduces the concept of an
infrastructure of support of subjects of small and medium-sized businesses.
However, in comparison with other Russian regions, we can speak
of the irrational and the lack of effective support structure (preponderance
towards infrastructure) and implementing only a "regional" approach in the
provision of support to small and medium-sized businesses. The powers in
municipalities and not delegated to the situation observed the lack of
funding municipal development programs for small and medium-sized
businesses.
To date, Russia and the republic established organizational and
legal bases of the state support of small and medium-sized businesses. The
184
organizational structure of m scarlet and medium-sized businesses includes
26%
20%
9%
4%
3%
2%
1%
1%
34%
Branch structure of members of
CCI RT (01.01.2015)
industry
commerce
building
science and education
agriculture and forestry
public authorities (ministries and agencies), local authorities, Chamber of
Commerce, technology parks, business incubators, credit institutions, which
have to act together to achieve a common goal. However, it should be noted
that the activities of the above mentioned entities to support small and
medium-sized businesses often wears mismatched and multidirectional
nature and does not develop entrepreneurship necessary pace.
The article presents the propositions on improvement of joint
activities of state authorities, local self-government of the Republic of
Tatarstan and the Chamber of Commerce on the development of socially
responsible business. The proposed measures will help improve the
efficiency of joint activities of state authorities, local self-government of the
Republic of Tatarstan and the Chamber of Commerce on the development
of entrepreneurship . They can contribute to the creation of favorable
conditions for development of small businesses and businesses for
formation of competitive environment, increasing the share of the business
sector in the gross domestic product of the Republic and carrying out social
programs .
Fig.16. Branch structure of members of CCI RT
185
SWOT –analysis
Mission - to improve methods of supporting small and medium-sized businesses,
thus, to form a stable , socially responsible middle class.
Internal environment
Strengths
Weak sides
Republic is the economic
development of regions;
formed legal and
organizational tools for support and
development of small and mediumsized enterprises;
consistently high annual
funding measures of the state support
of small and medium-sized
businesses;
implemented quite a number
of programs to support small and
medium-sized businesses;
successfully implemented the
concept of infrastructure to support
small and medium-sized businesses.
there was a lack of effective
system of measures aimed at
providing financial support to small
and medium-sized businesses;
actual operating support
programs, with sufficient financing fund
provided for only 20% of domestic
entrepreneurs working in the field of
manufacturing and agriculture.
in the Republic of Tatarstan
realized exclusively "regional" approach in
the provision of support to small and
medium-sized businesses. The powers in
municipalities not delegated;
omnidirectional and mismatch
measures in respect of small and
medium-sized businesses from the
numerous public authorities.
External environment
Capabilities
threatening
• With Creating new small businesses;
And • ded use of the building : natural
resources, scientific - technical personnel
and so on . N ;.
• With Creating scientific - technical
centers;
And • Using advanced fuel - energy and
industrial complexes;
• Encouraging innovation through the
implementation of various forms of
public-private partnership.
the absence of an effective mechanism
of interaction between business from the
perspective of the scale;
• the monopoly of large enterprises;
• instability of financial and credit system;
low investment attractiveness of non-
primary sectors of the economy.
Table 14
186
Table 15
The subject of the
Russian Federation
2011
2012
2013
thousand Rubles
For 1 SME,
thsnd. Rub.
thousand Rubles
For1 SME, thsnd.
rub.
thousand Rubles
For 1 SME,
thsnd. rub. *
Moscow
3,821,600.00
15.664
4,446,256.00
18.903
4,590,711.00
19 , 253
Republic of
Tatarstan
1,646,727.30
35.853
1,634,254.27
34.110
2,144,350.89
45.440
Moscow
region
852,300.80
11.715
1,307,459.10
17.429
1,400,641.03
18.566
Sverdlovsk
region
1,113,241.40
15.286
1,277,111.00
16.691
1,323,684.00
17.52
Krasnodar
region
372650, 00
6.818
763,266.36
13.906
1,009,643.50
18.345
Nizhny
Novgorod
Region
739,417.78
17.915
1,108,030.72
28.893
930,852.13
24.008
Rostov region
721,831.90
13.216
825,890.62
14.660
894,374.90
16,01
Republic of
Bashkortostan
472,087.50
14,550
477,326.25
12.271
728,655.11
18.914
Chelyabinsk
region
66737.00
1,918
140,400.00
3,984
518,000.00
14.727
Voronezh
region
843,320.94
36.823
377,480.05
17.058
271,546.69
12.09
Financing of measures to support small and medium-sized
businesses in 2011-2013 (at the expense of all sources of financing)
187
0% 50% 100%
Chelyabinsk region
Voronezh region
Moscow region
Krasnodar region
Rostov region
Sverdlovsk region
Nizhny Novgorod region
Moscow
Republic of …
Republic of Tatarstan
99,9
96,7
92,5
77,5
65,1
52,6
49,6
46
44,3
31,2
0
0
6,21
0,5
2,1
0
20,1
21,1
18
66,6
0,1
3,3
1,3
22
32,8
47,4
30,4
32,9
37,7
2,2
Expenses for financial support, %
Expenditure on the structure of enterprises, %
Other expenses, %
Fig. 17. The structure of SME support budget in 2013
188
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Tatarstan
Moskow
Moskow region
Bashkortostan
Voronezh region
Rostov region
Kaluzhsk region
Samara region
Krasnodar region
St-Peterburg
Belgorod region
Leningrad region
Lipetsk region
Fig. 18. Number of infrastructure: FEZ (Free Economic Zones), techno and
industrial parks, business incubators
189
0 20 40 60 80 100
Chelyabinsk region
Voronezh region
Moscow region
Krasnodar region
Rostov region
Sverdlovsk region
Nizhny Novgorod region
Moscow
Republic of Bashkortostan
Republic of Tatarstan
84,4
59,4
63,5
70,6
65,1
46,5
42,5
46
14,8
31,2
15
37,3
29
6,9
0
6,1
7,1
0
29,5
0
Expenditure on the financing of the
Fig. 19. The structure of the financing of regional and municipal programs
for the development and support of SME
190
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]