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Учебное пособие по курсу «Информатика». Ч.1. Учебное пособие

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1.3. Структура информитики
11



(Hardware)


(Software)

, 

(Brainware)
Рис. 1. 
1. Технические средства (hardware)  
     
2. Программные средства (software)   
,   .
3. Математические методы, модели и алгоритмы (brainware) 
       
        ().





 
Рис. 2. 
Отрасль народного хозяйства 
   
Фундаментальная наука 
   .
1. Информатика и информатизация общества
12
Прикладная дисциплина :
   
;
  .
1.4. Этапы развития информационного общества

 
   информа-
ционных революций –         
I. Изобретение письменности (IV – 
           ),   .
II. Изобретение книгопечатания .) – 
         
III. Изобретение электричества  .) –  
 .    XVIII .          .  
IV. Изобретение микропроцессорной технологии и персонального
компьютера (70-  .) –    
1.5. Информатизация общества
13
       .
1.5. Информатизация общества
       [2]:
   

 

      

Информатизация общества   - -    [2]
       
компьютеризации общества ,                 .
Информационная культура              .
   
    

 
1. Информатика и информатизация общества
14
 
  ,   ,      .      .
информационным обществом      ,                  
1.6. Информационные ресурсы, продукты и услуги
 , информа­ционных ресурсов
       ,   
                                 ,         
1.6. Информационные ресурсы, продукты и услуги
15
     - 
Информация как совокупность знаний становится стратегиче-
ским ресурсом всего человеческого общества. информати­зация общества 

            -          .    ,             XX   XX        информационные продукты и услуги,     информационный рынок.
Информационный продукт    
Информационная услуга      
Информационный рынок       
 поставщиков  :
1. Информатика и информатизация общества
16
  
;
   
 
    
  ,   , 
  ,  
.
 потребителей 
 
      
 :
середина 50-х гг.     
         -        ;
начало 60-х гг.  

середина 60-х гг.середина 70-х гг.  
         
середина 70-х гг.     
   ;
начиная с 80-х гг., 
   

 ().
Вопросы для самоконтроля
17
Информационный
рынок
-









Рис. 3. 

 
  
- 
      
 
 
    
     
Вопросы для самоконтроля
1. .
2.  .  

3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 

1. Информатика и информатизация общества
18
7. 
8. 

9. 

10.    

11. 
12. 

13. 
14. 
15. 
2.1. Понятие информации
19
2. ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: ФОРМЫ, ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ, КОЛИЧЕСТВО И КАЧЕСТВО
2.1. Понятие информации
      
informatio»  
 , 
 .
      ,           . 
основные свойства информации
1.   , 
 
2.  
 ;
3. 
,   
 
 
 [5];
    
  [6];
   
 [7];
    ,  
  [8].
      .
2. Информация: формы, измерение, количество и качество
20


Информация  
  [2].
         .           ,       .      [911]                      
      -     .    .
       ,       априор- ной информации   (апостериорной   
2.2. Данные, сообщения, сигналы
Данные 
 [2].
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]