Добавил:
Sekretar
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru
t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5809_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
X
- •Foreword
- •Preface
- •Acknowledgments
- •Contents
- •Contributors
- •Introduction
- •Tissue Characteristics
- •Ovarian Scanning
- •Embryo/Fetus Susceptibility
- •References
- •Instrument Outputs
- •The Output Indices
- •Introduction
- •Limitations
- •History
- •Conclusions
- •References
- •Introduction
- •Endometrial Blood Flow
- •Ovarian Stromal Blood Flow by 2D Doppler
- •Ovarian Stromal Blood Flow by 3D Doppler
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •Transabdominal Ultrasound
- •Transvaginal Ultrasound
- •Postmenopausal Ovaries
- •Premenarchal Ovaries
- •Reproductive Age Ovaries
- •Antral Follicle Count (AFC)
- •References
- •Ovarian Cysts
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •6: PCOS
- •The Polycystic Ovarian Morphology (PCOM)
- •Ovarian Volume
- •Ovarian Stromal Blood Flow
- •Future Points
- •References
- •7: The Normal Uterus
- •Uterus
- •Myometrium
- •Endometrium
- •Cervix
- •References
- •8: Congenital Uterine Anomalies
- •Introduction
- •Müllerian Agenesis
- •Unicornuate Uterus
- •Uterus Didelphys
- •Bicornuate Uterus
- •Septate Uterus
- •Arcuate Uterus
- •Hysterosalpingography
- •Two-Dimensional Ultrasonography
- •Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- •Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography
- •Urinary Tract Imaging
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •9: Uterine Fibroids
- •Background
- •Ultrasound
- •Saline Infusion Sonohysterography
- •Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- •Observation
- •Medical Therapies
- •Myomectomy
- •Hysteroscopic Myomectomy
- •Abdominal Myomectomy
- •Laparoscopic Myomectomy
- •Uterine Artery Embolization
- •MRgFUS
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •10: Uterine Polyps
- •Endometrial Polyps
- •Interrupted Mucosa Sign
- •Sonoelastography (SE)
- •Sonohysterography
- •Cervical Polyps
- •References
- •11: Intrauterine Adhesions
- •Introduction
- •Incidence
- •Manifestation
- •Causes
- •Risk Factors
- •Diagnosis
- •Hysteroscopic Surgery
- •Treatment Outcome
- •Radiographic Methods
- •Mechanical Barriers
- •Fluid Barriers
- •Tissue Barriers
- •Prevention Strategies
- •Recent Advances
- •Conclusion
- •Introduction
- •SHG Procedure [1, 2, 6, 13]
- •2D Versus 3D SHG
- •References
- •Gel Instillation SHG
- •SHG Versus Hysteroscopy
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •Introduction
- •Scrotal Ultrasonography
- •Paratesticular Structures
- •Epididymis
- •Varicocele
- •Vas Deferens
- •Testicular Ultrasound
- •Cryptorchidism
- •Cysts, Hydrocele, Infectious Processes
- •Testicular Masses
- •Microlithiasis
- •Testicular Torsion/Trauma
- •Transrectal Ultrasonography
- •Prostate
- •Cysts
- •Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction
- •Seminal Vesicles
- •Assisted Reproductive Techniques
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
- •The Technique
- •Three-Dimensional Coded Contrast Imaging (3D CCI) During HyCoSy
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •Premature Luteinization
- •Multiple Pregnancies
- •Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
- •Ultrasound Diagnosis [17]
- •Ovaries
- •Follicles
- •Clomiphene Citrate
- •Gonadotropins
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •Introduction
- •Normal Folliculogenesis
- •Monitoring Follicular Maturation
- •Standard Ultrasound Monitoring Program
- •Self-Monitoring
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •17: SonoAVC (Sonographic-Based Automated Volume Count)
- •Introduction
- •How Does One Apply SonoAVC?
- •Follicular Monitoring
- •Case 1
- •Case 2
- •Case 3
- •Antral Follicle Count
- •References
- •18: Ultrasound-Guided Surgical Procedures
- •Introduction
- •Uterine Septum
- •Submucosal Fibroids
- •Synechiae
- •Intrauterine Foreign Bodies
- •Hematometra
- •Summary
- •Ovarian Cyst Aspiration
- •Hydrosalpinx Aspiration
- •Oocyte Retrieval
- •Endometrial Thickness
- •Embryo Transfer
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •References
- •Introduction
- •Clinical Touch ET Versus Transabdominal US-Guided ET
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •General Concepts
- •Patient’s Acceptance
- •Contraindications
- •Radiation
- •Image Post-Processing
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •Introduction
- •A Quick Look Back at Endometrial Assessment Approaches
- •Receptive
- •Non-receptive
- •Improving Endometrial Receptivity Assessment
- •References
- •List of Relevant Websites
- •23: Early Pregnancy Ultrasound
- •Introduction
- •Pregnancy Location
- •Gestational Sac (GS)
- •Yolk Sac (YS)
- •Embryonal Heart Rate (EHR)
- •Pregnancy Dating
- •Pregnancy Viability
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •24: Ectopic Pregnancy
- •Cervical Pregnancy
- •Ovarian Pregnancy
- •Abdominal Pregnancy
- •Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy
- •Interstitial Ectopic Pregnancy
- •Ectopic After Hysterectomy
- •Summary
- •References
- •Index

Ultrasound Imaging
in Reproductive
Medicine
Advances in Infertility Work-up,
Treatment and ART
Laurel A. Stadtmauer
Ilan Tur-Kaspa
Editors
Second Edition
123

Ultrasound Imaging in Reproductive
Medicine

Laurel A. Stadtmauer • Ilan Tur-Kaspa
Editors
Ultrasound Imaging
in Reproductive Medicine
Advances in Infertility Work-up,
Treatment and ART
Second Edition

Editors
Laurel A. Stadtmauer, MD, PhD
The Jones Institute for Reproductive
Medicine
Eastern Virginia Medical School
Norfolk, VA
USA
Ilan Tur-Kaspa, MD, FACOG
Institute for Human Reproduction
Chicago, IL
USA
ISBN 978-3-030-16698-4 ISBN 978-3-030-16699-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16699-1
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or
part of the material is concerned, specically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microlms or in any other physical way,
and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software,
or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specic statement, that such names are
exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in
this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor
the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material
contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains
neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional afliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To my colleagues at the Jones Institute and Eastern Virginia
Medical School who inspired me to become interested in 3D
ultrasound, especially Dr. Alfred Abuhamad, and to my
husband, Ivan, daughter, Alessandra, and mom and dad, who
sacriced and inspired me to follow my passions and dreams.
Laurel A.Stadtmauer
This book is dedicated to the love of my life, Hana Tur-Kaspa,
and to our children, Leeron, Adi, and Tomer, for their
continuous love, encouragement, and support, and to the living
memories of my parents, Miriam and Chaim Tur-Kaspa, that
their love, wisdom, and passion for education are an
inspiration for us all.
Ilan Tur-Kaspa

Foreword
It is with great pleasure that I introduce this book, Ultrasound Imaging in
Reproductive Medicine: Advances in Infertility Work-up, Treatment, and ART,
Second Edition. The second edition, updated with current references and
some new authors, reects the demand for and interest in reproductive ultrasound, as the rst edition has over 40,000 downloads of chapters. Ultrasound
has proven to be essential in the care of the patient with infertility and in
many aspects of reproductive medicine, and a high-quality book that encompasses what anyone in the eld needs to know is a very valuable resource
indeed.
This book is laid out in a very logical sequence. The rst two sections
present general information about ultrasound safety in reproductive medicine, technique for 3D ultrasound, and Doppler applications. The next three
sections address the use of ultrasound in the infertility work-up, starting with
ultrasound of the ovary, the uterus, and the fallopian tube, and male infertility.
Each section addresses the normal changes followed by detailed chapters on
specic abnormalities related to infertility. Part VI focuses on ultrasound in
infertility and ART treatment, with detailed description of the role of ultrasound in follicle monitoring, oocyte retrieval, embryo transfer, and tubal
patency and the new endometrial receptivity assay. The nal section covers
early pregnancy evaluation and ectopic pregnancy.
A formidable team of authors with international prominence was assembled to contribute various chapters in their specic areas of expertise. The
book is written in a style that is easy to read and is replete with ultrasound
images, illustrating various normal and abnormal conditions. The reader will
learn about various aspects of ultrasound imaging in reproductive medicine in
a systematic and comprehensive fashion from world authorities in the eld.
Various chapters reect the current state of the science in pelvic imaging as it
relates to the evaluation and management of the infertile couple.
Kudos to Dr. Laurel Stadtmauer and Dr. Ilan Tur-Kaspa, the book’s editors, for their vision and hard work in accomplishing this masterpiece. Laurel
is a gifted scientist, an actively practicing physician, and a superb gynecologic sonologist with tremendous expertise in advanced ultrasound imaging.
Her skills and background present a special perspective as an editor that is
evident throughout the book and translates into an evidence-based, practical
approach to ultrasound imaging. Ilan is an internationally known expert in
reproductive imaging, reproductive medicine, and infertility and gynecologic
ultrasound and preimplantation genetic testing. They both have served as
vii

viii
Chair of the Reproductive Imaging Special Interest Group of the American
Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM). Their skills and background
present a special perspective as editors that is evident throughout the book
and translates into an evidence-based, practical approach to ultrasound imaging in diagnosis and treatment of infertility.
This book belongs on the desk of any healthcare worker involved in the
eld of infertility. From my standpoint, this book will become the ultimate
book on ultrasound in reproductive medicine.
AlfredZ.Abuhamad, MD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Eastern Virginia Medical School
Norfolk, VA, USA
Foreword

Preface
Can one imagine infertility diagnosis and treatment today without imaging?
Since the start of IVF 40 years ago, the advancement of imaging with
ultrasound has been remarkable. Ultrasound has revolutionized the practice
of reproductive specialists worldwide and is used daily by the authors in all
aspects of patient care in the eld of reproductive medicine and obstetrics and
gynecology. From the rst encounter with patients who have been suffering
from infertility and related diseases, ultrasound will be used for the evaluation of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes, to rule out abnormalities,
evaluate the ovarian reserve, and maximize the success of obtaining a pregnancy and term delivery. Ultrasound will be part of the monitoring of a natural cycle, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with oral agents and injectable
gonadotropins with timing for intrauterine insemination, ART, and may assist
in the decision to transfer the embryo in a fresh or frozen cycle. It then will
be used to conrm intrauterine pregnancy, for the investigation of a pregnancy of unknown location, for evaluation and treatment of ectopic pregnancy, and for determination of the viability of the fetus or fetuses.
Therefore, it was natural for us, the coeditors, who have been involved in
the eld of advanced infertility work-up and treatment for over 25years and
have served as Chairs of the Reproductive Imaging Special Interest Group
with the organization of multiple postgraduate courses at the American
Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), to compile the rst edition of
this book in 2014. Because of the success of the rst edition, including about
40,000 downloads of chapters, and the technological advancements, we have
been asked by the publisher to put together this second edition. We thank the
international group of specialists who have contributed their expertise to
make the book successful as well as the contributions of some new experts for
this second edition.
This book will be used by infertility specialists, gynecologists, ultrasonographers, radiologists, nurses, and trainees who are involved in imaging and
the diagnosis and treatment of the infertile couple. It is a practical book covering all normal ndings and abnormalities in women of reproductive age.
The book starts with ultrasound safety and principals of ultrasound and moves
to the normal and abnormal uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes and the use in
ART treatments and procedures. The advantages of 3D ultrasound are emphasized in the book. It concludes with the early pregnancy ultrasound. A new
area of interest is endometrial receptivity, and this chapter has been included.
ix

x
The authors have compiled many original ultrasound images with the
chapters. All authors are internationally recognized specialists in reproductive medicine, as well as imaging, who have been involved with teaching, and
their contributions provide unique comprehensive coverage of all aspects of
this eld and led to the success of the rst edition. We hope you nd the book
helpful in improving the evaluation and treatment of your patients and an
enjoyable resource.
See better; do ART better.
Norfolk, VA, USA LaurelA.Stadtmauer, MD, PhD
Chicago, IL, USA IlanTur-Kaspa, MD, FACOG
Preface

Acknowledgments
Today, one cannot imagine the practice of reproductive medicine and infertility without imaging. Over the last 25years in practice, we have seen so many
advances and improvements in ultrasound. These advances have established
ultrasound as the preferred imaging technique for our specialty. It is an integral part of the examination of our patients and remains the safest and most
cost-effective imaging modality for the diagnosis and treatment of
infertility.
About 40,000 chapter downloads were done since the rst edition of our
book was published in 2014. We thank the readers who established this book
as the primary textbook for ultrasound in reproductive medicine and hope to
satisfy the unique demand with this new edition.
Special thanks to our coauthors, who have contributed their special experience and expertise to the eld and made this second edition a fantastic book;
our mentors over the years, who trained us in ultrasound; engineers, who have
constantly been improving the quality of the ultrasound images; and our
patients, whom we learn from daily.
Norfolk, VA, USA Laurel A.Stadtmauer
Chicago, IL, USA Ilan Tur-Kaspa
xi
Соседние файлы в папке Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана
