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Basic Concepts
Jude Okohue Joseph Ikechebelu Bolarinde Ola Emmanuel Kalu Okechukwu Ibeanu
Editors
123
Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery
Jude Ehiabhi Okohue Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu Bolarinde Ola • Emmanuel Kalu Okechukwu Ibeanu
Editors
Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery
Basic Concepts
Editors
Jude Ehiabhi Okohue Assisted Reproduction Unit Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Gynescope Specialist Hospital and Madonna University Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu Gynaecology Endoscopy and Assisted Reproduction Unit Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria
Bolarinde Ola Shefeld Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundat Shefeld, UK
Okechukwu Ibeanu Division of Gynecologic Oncology York Hospital York, PA, USA
Emmanuel Kalu Reproductive Medicine Kingston General Hospital Kingstone upon Thames, UK
ISBN 978-3-030-86767-6 ISBN 978-3-030-86768-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86768-3
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microlms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specic statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional afliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
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This textbook embraces most aspects of gynaecological laparoscopy and hys­teroscopy, and it aims to present a comprehensive coverage of gynaecological minimal access surgeries with excellent medical illustrations.
The reader is taken on a journey that includes the history of minimal access surgery, instrumentation and ergonomics required to progress in the eld, capturing practical learning steps, and navigating the reader through the diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In addition, it describes the latest technological advancement in the eld, backed with high current best evidence.
The authors are practising specialists drawn from ve continents who brought their wealth of experience and expertise to bear in this book.
This textbook targets a global audience of practising and trainee doctors in general gynaecology, subspecialists, and those with relevant special interests in gynaecological endoscopy surgery.
Port Harcourt, Nigeria JudeEhiabhiOkohue Awka, Nigeria JosephIfeanyichukwuIkechebelu Shefeld, UK BolarindeOla Kingstone upon Thames, UK EmmanuelKalu York, PA, USA OkechukwuIbeanu
v
Contents
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Part I General Topics
History of Minimal Access Surgery (MAS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Ephraim Samuels and Olanlege Olayinka Shakirat
Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy Surgery
Instruments/Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu, Bartholomew Okorochukwu, and Chukwuemeka Okoro
Sterilization of Endoscopic Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
John O. Imaralu, Idris Haruna, and Hyacinth Onah
The Electrosurgical Unit: Basic Principles for Practice . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu and Chukwuemeka O. Ezeama
Anatomy of the Female Pelvis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Eugene M. Ikeanyi, Lateef Akinola, and Dennis O. Allagoa
Ergonomics and Patient Safety in Gynaecological
Endoscopic Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Bolarinde Ola and Ibrahim Wada
Gynaecological Endoscopy in a Low/Middle-Income Country:
Challenges and Prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Vincent A. Ojo, Robinson C. Onoh, and Gbolahan O. Obajimi
Part II Laparoscopy
Anaesthesia for Laparoscopic Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Cyril E. Nwachukwu, Sameer Deshpande, and Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu
Laparoscopic Port Position, Placement and Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Fredrick Anolue and Lateef Akinola
Laparoscopic Entry/Access Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu, Boniface C. Okpala, and Eziamaka P. Ezenkwele
Techniques for Laparoscopic Tissue Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Abubakar A. Panti, Kikelomo T. Adesina, and Sanusi M. Ibrahim
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Diagnostic Laparoscopy and Dye Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Amos A. Akinbiyi, Jude Ehiabhi Okohue, and Ikechukwu I. Mbachu
Laparoscopic Suturing Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Uche A. Menakaya and Haleema Olalere
Laparoscopic Management of Benign Ovarian Tumours . . . . . . . . . . 147
Adebiyi Gbadebo Adesiyun, Nkeiruka Ameh, and Hajaratu Umar-Sulayman
Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Lilian Ugwumadu and Emmanuel Kalu
Laparoscopic Tubal Surgery and Laparoscopic
Management of Ectopic Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Adebayo Alade Adewole, Oluseyi Ayoola Asaolu, and Abdulhakeem Olajide Akintobi
Laparoscopy-Guided Hysteroscopic Proximal Tubal
Cannulation (Endoscopic Tubal Cannulation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu and George Uchenna Eleje
Laparoscopy in Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Michael E. Aziken, Michael C. Ezeanochie, and Kenneth C. Onumbu
Contents
Laparoscopic Abdominal Cerclage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Christian Olajuwon Alabi, Anil Magdum, and Moses Fache
Minimal Access Urogynaecology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Olusegun Badejoko, Bhamare Prashant, and Olabisi Loto
Laparoscopic Myomectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Jude Ehiabhi Okohue, Chibuzor Obianika, and Abiodun Oyewole
Laparoscopic Management of Endometriosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Uche A. Menakaya and Vaduneme Kingsley Oriji
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Okechukwu Ibeanu and Dama Ziworitin
Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Olusegun Badejoko, Prashant Bhamare, and Okechukwu Ibeanu
Complications of Laparoscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Olusoji Jagun and Adekeye Olaore
Part III Hysteroscopy
Tips and Tricks to Facilitate the Art of Intrauterine Surgery . . . . . . 281
Osama Shawki, Yehia Shawki, and Jude Ehiabhi Okohue
Anaesthesia for Operative Hysteroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Uyoata Udo Johnson and Job Gogo Otokwala
Contents
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Distension Media in Hysteroscopy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Onyecherelam Monday Ogelle, Daniel Nnaemeka Onwusulu, and Chukwuemeka O. Ezeama
Hysteroscopic Management of Uterine Synechiae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Jude Ehiabhi Okohue, Angelo B. Hooker, and Preye Owen Fiebai
Hysteroscopic Myomectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Sunday Omale Onuh, Philips Uche Ekpe, and Rais S. Ibraheem
Complications Associated with Hysteroscopic Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Emmanuel Kalu, Emily Nzeribe, and Charles Nzurumike
Contributors
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Kikelomo T. Adesina, FWACS, FMCOG Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin/University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
AdebiyiGbadeboAdesiyun, MSc, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ahmadu Bello University/Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
AdebayoAladeAdewole, FWACS, FMCOG Fertility and Minimal Access Surgery Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre Lokoja, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
Amos A. Akinbiyi, FACOG, FRCOG Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK, Canada
Lateef Akinola, PhD, FRCOG Medison Specialist Women’s Hospital, Fertility Assyst, Lagos, Nigeria
Abdulhakeem Olajide Akintobi, FWACS, MRCOG Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Asokoro District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
Christian Olajuwon Alabi, MRCOG Minimal Access Gynaecological Unit, South Shore Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
Dennis O. Allagoa, FMAS, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Nkeiruka Ameh, MBA, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ahmadu Bello University/Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
Fredrick Anolue, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
Oluseyi Ayoola Asaolu, FMAS, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wuse District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
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xii
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Michael E. Aziken, FWACS, FMCOG Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Olusegun Badejoko, MRCOG, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
PrashantBhamare, MD, DGO Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, India
SameerDeshpande Mumbai, India
Philips Uche Ekpe, FWACS, FMCOG Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Asokoro District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
George Uchenna Eleje, FWACS, FMCOG Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
ChukwuemekaO.Ezeama Gynaecology Endoscopy Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
Contributors
Michael C. Ezeanochie, MSc, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Eziamaka P. Ezenkwele, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria/University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
MosesFache, MSc, FWACS El-Rapha Hospitals and Diagnostics, Abuja, Nigeria
Preye Owen Fiebai, MBChB, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Idris Haruna, FWACS, FMCOG Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria
AngeloB.Hooker, MD Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zaans Medical Centre, Zaandam, Netherlands
Okechukwu Ibeanu, MD, FACOG Division of Gynecologic Oncology, York Hospital, York, PA, USA
Rais S. Ibraheem, FWACS Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IVF Center National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
Sanusi M. Ibrahim, DMAS, FMCOG Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri/ University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria