Simple haematoma or subcapsular haemorrhage is usually less threatening, may become more serious if liver capsule is ruptured and signifi cant free peritoneal fl uid seen (potentially with more or less sedimentation depending on time of investigation). NOTE : Free peritoneal fl uid/blood appearing like complicated ascites can be found anywhere in abdomen and does not necessarily correlate with site of injury, as fl uid redistributes depending on positioning and other phenomena. US Findings Initially same echogenicity as liver parenchyma, potentially disruption of other structures such as vessels or outer contour can aid diagnosis (Fig. 7.13a ). Thereafter appear hyperechoic, eventually turns hypoechoic with more or less complex appear­ance. Persisting hypoechoic posttraumatic lesions indicate seroma/cyst or even biloma (the latter particularly when growing) (Fig. 7.13d ).

Benign tumour, commonly in younger children. May have arteriovenous shunts, may be pedunculated and secondarily undergo torsion. May be cystic, sometimes similarities to complex vascular/veno-lymphatic malformations.