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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5761_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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Case 1 Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Ostium Secundum Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Case 2 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
Attached to the Coronary Sinus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Case 3 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
with a Small Rim to the Inferior Vena Cava . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Case 4 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type) with Pulmonary
Arterial Hypertension Subjected to Patch Closure with a Valve . . . . . . . 11
Case 5 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
During Device Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Case 6 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
Closure by the Amplatzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Case 7 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
Unsuitable for Device Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Case 8 Fenestrated Interatrail Septum
“Swiss Cheese-like Atrial Septal Defect” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Case 9 Multiple Atrial Septal Defects (Ostium Secundum Type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Case 10 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type) with an
Additional Defect in the Interatrial Septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Case 11 Multiple Atrial Septal Defects (Ostium Secundum Type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Case 12 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
with Eisenmenger’s Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Case 13 Follow-up Echocardiography of Atrial Septal Defect
Device Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Case 14 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
with a Prominent Chiari Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Case 15 Extremely Large Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation and Severe Annulus Dilation . . . . . 43
Case 16 Patent Foramen Ovale with Aneurysmal Interatrial Septum . . . . . . . . . . 45
Case 17 Patent Foramen Ovale with Partially Aneurysmal
Interatrial Septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Case 18 Interatrial Septal Aneurysm with a Large Patent Foramen Ovale . . . . . . 51
Case 19 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Intermediate Form) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Case 20 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Transitional Form) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Contents
xii
Case 21 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Partial Form) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Case 22 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Transitional Form) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Case 23 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Complete Form)
and a Common Atrium with Eisenmenger’s Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Case 24 Common Atrium, Atrioventricular Septal Defect,
Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava, Left Persistent
Superior Vena Cava, and Left Azygous Vein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Case 25 Complete Atrioventricular Canal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Case 26 Severe Mitral Regurgitation Due to the Anterior Mitral Leafl et
Cleft Post Surgery for an Atrioventricular Septal Defect . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Case 27 Severe Mitral Regurgitation Post Surgery
for an Atrioventricular Septal Defect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Case 28 Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect with a Partial Anomalous
Pulmonary Venous Return (Two Right Pulmonary Veins) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Case 29 Atrial Septal Defect (Sinus Venosus Type) with a Partial
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
(Two Right Pulmonary Veins) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Case 30 Atrial Septal Defect (Sinus Venosus Type) with
a Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
(Three Right Pulmonary Veins) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Case 31 Atrial Septal Defect (Sinus Venosus Type)
with a Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous
Return (Right Upper Pulmonary Vein) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Case 32 Left Persistent Superior Vena Cava with an Atrial Septal
Defect (Sinus Venosus Type) with a Partial Anomalous
Pulmonary Venous Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Case 33 Atrial Septal Defect (Sinus Venosus Type) Below the Inferior
Vena Cava with a Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous
Return (Right Lower Pulmonary Vein) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Case 34 Atrial Septal Defect (Sinus Venosus Type) with a Partial
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Diagnosed by
Subcostal Bicaval View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Case 35 Isolated Left Persistent Superior Vena Cava. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Case 36 Left Persistent Superior Vena Cava and Cerebral Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Case 37 Left Persistent Superior Vena Cava . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Case 38 Unroofed Coronary Sinus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Case 39 Ostium Secundum Accompanied by Sinus Venosus
Atrial Septal Defects and Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Case 40 Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum Type)
with Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Case 41 Abnormal Left Pulmonary Venous Return to the Coronary Sinus. . . . . . 127
Case 42 Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect with No
Rim to the Aortic Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Contents
xiii
Case 43 Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Case 44 Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect Partially Closed
with the Septal Leafl et of the Tricuspid Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Case 45 Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect Partially Closed
by the Septal Leafl et of the Tricuspid Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Case 46 Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect in the Lower Part of the
Interventricular Septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Case 47 Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect Located High
in Interventricular Septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Case 48 Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect, Intermediate Location
in Interventricular Septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Case 49 Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect with Fibromuscular
Ridge Formation in the Right Ventricular Outfl ow Tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Case 50 Ventricular Septal Defect Almost Closed
by the Aneurysm Formation of the Septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Case 51 Ventricular Septal Defect Partially Closed by the Aneurysm
Formation of the Septal Basal Segment and Septal Leafl et
of Tricuspid Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Case 52 Doubly Committed Ventricular Septal Defect
with No Aortic Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Case 53 Doubly Committed Ventricular Septal Defect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Case 54 Ventricular Septal Defect Device Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Case 55 Residual Ventricular Septal Defect Post Surgery (Patch Closure) . . . . . . 171
Case 56 Ventricular Septal Defect with Infective Endocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Case 57 Ventricular Septal Defect with Subvalvular Membranous
Aortic Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Case 58 Ventricular Septal Defect with Eisenmenger’s Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Case 59 Ventricular Septal Defect, Patent Ductus Arteriosus,
and Eisenmenger’s Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Case 60 Ventricular Septal Defect Completely Closed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Case 61 Ventricular Septal Defect with Subvalvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . 191
Case 62 Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect and Subvalvular
Pulmonary Stenosis with an Additional Apical VSD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Case 63 Ventricular Septal Defect and Subvalvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . 197
Case 64 Ventricular Septal Defects and Double-Chamber Right Ventricle . . . . . . 201
Case 65 Patent Ductus Arteriosus Type B by Transthoracic and
Transesophageal Echocardiography in a Middle-Aged Woman . . . . . . . . 205
Case 66 Patent Ductus Arteriosus Type B by Transthoracic and
Transesophageal Echocardiography in a Young Woman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Case 67 Patent Ductus Arteriosus by Transthoracic
and Transesophageal Echocardiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Contents
xiv
Case 68 Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Pulmonary Insuffi ciency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Case 69 Patent Ductus Arteriosus by Transthoracic Echocardiography . . . . . . . . 217
Case 70 Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Eisenmenger’s Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Case 71 Large Patent Ductus Arteriosus
(Type A) with Eisenmenger’s Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Case 72 Patent Ductus Arteriosus Device Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Case 73 Tetralogy of Fallot with an Additional VSD, Good Nakata
Index, and Abnormal Course of the Coronary Artery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Case 74 Tetralogy of Fallot, Small Pulmonary Annulus,
and Low Nakata Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Case 75 Tetralogy of Fallot and Pulmonary Atresia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Case 76 Postsurgery of Tetralogy of Fallot, Aneurysm of the Right
Ventricular Outfl ow Tract, and Branch Pulmonary Insuffi ciency . . . . . . 245
Case 77 Post Surgery of Tetralogy of Fallot: Severe Pulmonary
Insuffi ciency with Normal Right Ventricular Systolic Function . . . . . . . . 249
Case 78 Post Surgery of Tetralogy of Fallot: Severe Pulmonary
Insuffi ciency with Moderate Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction . . . 251
Case 79 Modifi ed Blalock–Taussig Shunt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Case 80 Senning Operation with Mild Systemic Ventricular Dysfunction . . . . . . . 259
Case 81 Senning Operation with Acceptable Intra-Baffl e Gradients . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Case 82 Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Case 83 Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
with Subaortic Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Case 84 Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries,
Dextrocardia, and Subvalvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Case 85 Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis and Atrial Septal Defect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Case 86 Severe Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis and Patent
Foramen Ovale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Case 87 Severe Valvular and Subvalvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Case 88 Severe Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis and Bicuspid
Pulmonary Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Case 89 Moderate Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis
with Moderate Pulmonary Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Case 90 Peripheral Pulmonary Stenosis: Moderate Restenosis
of Right Pulmonary Artery Stenting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Case 91 Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis (Membranous Type Without
Attachment to Anterior Mitral Leafl et) with Severe Left
Ventricular Outfl ow Tract Obstruction and Severe
Aortic Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Case 92 Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis (Membranous Type
with Circular Web) with Severe Left Ventricular
Outfl ow Tract and Moderate Aortic Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Contents
xv
Case 93 Subvalvular AS Membranous Type with Mild Left Ventricular
Outfl ow Tract Obstruction and No Aortic Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Case 94 Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis: Fibromuscular Type
with Severe Left Ventricular Outfl ow Tract Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Case 95 Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis with Atrial Septal Defect
(Ostium Secundum Type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Case 96 Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis (Membranous Type)
with Severe Left Ventricular Outfl ow Tract Obstruction
and Moderately Severe Aortic Regurgitation
with Ascending Aorta Dilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Case 97 Valvular and Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis
with Bicuspid Aortic Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Case 98 Recurrence of Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis After Surgery
with Mild Left Ventricular Outfl ow Tract Obstruction
and Moderate Aortic Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Case 99 Recurrence of Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis After Surgery
with Severe Left Ventricular Outfl ow Tract Obstruction
and Severe Aortic Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Case 100 Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Severe Aortic Regurgitation
with Dilation of the Sinus of Valsalva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Case 101 Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Severe Aortic Regurgitation
with Dilation of the Sinus of Valsalva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Case 102 Bicuspid Aortic Valve with Severe Aortic Stenosis
and Dilation of the Ascending Aorta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Case 103 Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Rupture of the Chordae
of the Posterior Mitral Leafl et . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Case 104 Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis – Hourglass Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Case 105 Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis – Tubular Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Case 106 Parachute Mitral Valve and Interrupted Aortic Arch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Case 107 Parachute Mitral Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Case 108 Interrupted Aortic Arch, Transposition of Great Arteries,
Atrial Septal Defect, Ventricular Septal Defect,
and Patent Ductus Arteriosus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Case 109 Quadricuspid Aortic Valve and Severe Aortic Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . 355
Case 110 Quadricuspid Aortic Valve and Severe Aortic Regurgitation
with Mild Dilation of Ascending Aorta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Case 111 Rupture of the Sinus of Valsalva: The Right Coronary
Cusp to the Right Ventricle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Case 112
Rupture of the Sinus of Valsalva: Noncoronary
Cusp to the Right Atrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Case 113 Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula: Left Coronary Artery
to the Main Pulmonary Artery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Case 114 Cor Triatriatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Contents
xvi
Case 115 Common Atrium, Atrioventricular Septal Defect,
and Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Case 116 Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
Case 117 Truncus Arteriosus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Case 118 Severe Pulmonary Insuffi ciency Post Percutaneous
Pulmonary Valvuloplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Case 119 Double-Outlet Right Ventricle: “Taussig–Bing Complex and
Isenmenger Syndrome” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Case 120 Double-Outlet Right Ventricle: Taussig–Bing Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
Case 121 Double-Outlet Right Ventricle, Atretic Pulmonary Valve,
and Subaortic Ventricular Septal Defect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
Case 122 Situs Inversus, Dextrocardia, Corrected Transposition
of Great Arteries, Subpulmonic Ventricular Septal Defect,
and Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Case 123 Single Ventricle, Malposition of Great Arteries,
and Valvular and Subvalvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Case 124 Fontan Operation in a Patient with Single Ventricle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
Case 125 Fontan Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
Case 126 Tricuspid Atresia with Pulmonary Atresia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Case 127 Tricuspid Atresia with Inlet VSD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
Case 128 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Case 129 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Moderate Tricuspid Regurgitation,
Mild Septal Displacement Ratio, and Grade 1 Right Atrial
Cavity Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
Case 130 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Case 131 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation, Severe Septal
Displacement Ratio, and Grade 3 Right Atrial Cavity Ratio . . . . . . . . . . 433
Case 132 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation, Mild Septal
Displacement Ratio, and Grade 4 Right Atrial Cavity Ratio . . . . . . . . . . 439
Case 133 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Moderate Tricuspid Regurgitation
and Moderate Septal Displacement Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
Case 134 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
Case 135 Ebstein’s Anomaly with Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
Case 136 Fetal Heart Echocardiography Focusing Ductal Arch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453
Case 137
Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Atrioventricular Septal
Defect and Common Atrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
Case 138 Fetal Heart Echocardiography Focusing Foramen Oval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Case 139 Fetal Heart Echocardiography of Twins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
Case 140 Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Ventricular Septal Defect . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
Contents
xvii
Case 141 Fetal Heart Echocardiography Focusing Ductal Arch
and Aortic Arch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
Case 142 Fetal Heart Echocardiography by Four-Dimensional
Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
Case 143 Fetal Heart Echocardiography Focusing Branching
of Main Pulmonary Artery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Case 144 Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Transposition of Great Arteries . . . . . . . 475
Case 145 Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Single Ventricle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
Case 146 Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Ventricular Septal Defect Inlet Type . . . 479
Case 147 Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Atrioventricular Septal Defect . . . . . . . . 481
Case 148 Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Transposition of Great Arteries . . . . . . . 485
Case 149 Transposition of Great Arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
Case 150 Fetal Heart Echocardiography: Pericardial Effusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489
Case 151 Situs Inversus Dextrocardia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491
Case 152 Coarctation of Aortic Valve, Bicuspid Aortic Valve, and Patent
Foramen Ovale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495
Case 153 Coarctation of the Aorta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
Case 154 Coarctation of the Aorta Focusing Collaterals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501
Case 155 Coarctation of the Aorta and Bicuspid Aortic Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
Case 156 Coarctoplasty Plus Stent Implantation, Ventricular Septal Defect,
and Bicuspid Aortic Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
Case 157 Involvement of Coronary Artery Due to Kawasaki Disease . . . . . . . . . . . 511
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
Contents
1
H. Sadeghian, Z. Savand-Roomi, Echocardiographic Atlas of Adult Congenital Heart Disease,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-12934-1_1, © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015
A 32-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion
functional class II of recent years’ duration.
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Ostium
Secundum Type
Case 1
a
b
Fig. 1.1 Severe right ventricular dilation can be detected in parasternal long-axis ( a ) and apical four-chamber ( b ) views: the ratio of end-diastolic
diameter of the right ventricle to the left ventricle is equal to 51/37 (mm). LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle, LA left atrium, AO aorta
Fig. 1.2 An atrial septal defect (ASD) (ostium secundum type), 19 mm
in size, is evident in this modifi ed apical four-chamber view. LV left
ventricle, RV right ventricle, LA left atrium, RA right atrium
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this
chapter (doi:
10.1007/978-3-319-12934-1_1 ) contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
2
In addition, the Qp/Qs is 2.5 and the peak arterial systolic
pressure is 45 mmHg.
Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed
to ascertain the suitability of the ASD device closure.
Fig. 1.3 The right ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and the right ventricular ejection fraction by the multiplane modality of a
four-dimensional probe are 113 cc, 39 cc, and 66 %, respectively
Case 1 Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Ostium Secundum Type
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