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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_4382_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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318 Rotational Vestibular Assessment
rotational chair (continued)
threshold detection, 128–129
torque motor, 116
video monitor, 118–120
videooculography goggles, 126–130
videooculography (VOG) sampling rate, 131–132
rotational characteristic comparisons, 159
rotational properties, 157
rotational test enclosure, rotational chair, 111–115
rotational testing, 10–17, 107–151
acceleration, 149–150
advantages, 143–144
clinical indications, 139–140
data factors, 146–148
head position, 146–147
medications, 148
mental tasking, 147–148
ocular noise, 146
ocular position, 146
distribution by frequency, 108
drug classifications, vestibular abnormalities,
133–134
Ewald’s first law, 109
eye-tracking data, 135–136
limitations, 144–146
patient populations, ideal, 142–143
patient setup, 130–135
preparation, 130–137
calibration, 135–137
ocular motor testing, 137
principle of, 109
protocols, 137–139
rotational chair, 110–130
biocular video goggle, 127
booth light, 120–122
camera resolution, 128–130
circulating fan, 120–122
console, 124–126, 125
dichroic glass, 126
earth-vertical axis, 111, 113
foot restraints, 123
frame rate, 128–130
goggles, 114
headrest, 120–121
head restraints, 122–124, 124
infrared light, 127–128
LCD video goggles,115
monitoring system, 119
monocular video goggle, 127
motors, 115–116
ocular motor projector, 116–117
off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR), 111
rotational test enclosure,111–115
safety harness, 122, 122
talk-back system, 117–118, 118
threshold detection, 128–129
torque motor, 116
video monitor, 118–120
videooculography goggles, 126–130
videooculography (VOG) sampling rate, 131–132
rotational test suite, 112, 114
summary of tests, 138
test battery, 139
test-retest reliability, 148–149
velocity, 149–150
VOR response, 150–151
rotational tests, 261–300
acceleration threshold, 299
advancements, 296–300
chair head impulse testing (crHIT), 297–299
eccentric rotational testing,274–294
binocular, 287
centripetal force, 277
centrifugal force, 277
direction of rotation, 286–287
GIA force, 274–275
GIA/OCR linear regression model, 279–282
GIA vs. chair displacement, 283
Gravitational Inertial Acceleration (GIA), 277–279
lateral displacement, 285
methods, 282–288
monocular, 287
OCR-GIA slope, 277–279
ocular dysfunction, 287–288
off-center rotation, 274
on-center rotation, 274, 278
otolith disease, 288–294
response, 276–277
response measures, 283–284
rotation paradigms, non-dynamic, 284, 285–286
somatosensory cues, 288
stimuli, 282–283
theoretical OCR-GIA slope, 279, 281
tilt, 276
tilt angle, 287
translation, 276
unilateral otolith disorder, 290–291
Utricular pathways, 276
off vertical axis rotation (OVAR), 294–296
limitations, 295–296
protocol, 294
VOR response, 294–295
visual-vestibular interaction, 262–274
autoimmune disease, 271
caloric VOR suppression, 265–268
cerebellar degenerative disorder, 272–273
Index 319
Данная книга находится в списке для перевода на русский язык сайта https://meduniver.com/
Cryptococcal meningitis, 266–267
lesions, 270
non-visual fixation targets, 263–264
rotational VOR suppression, 265–268
VOR suppression testing, 263–268
visual targets, 263–264
visual-vestibular enhancement protocol, 269–270
visual-vestibular enhancement testing, 268–274
VOR suppression protocol, 264–265
rotational test suite, 112, 114
rotational VOR suppression, 265–268
rotation paradigms, non-dynamic, 284, 285–286
Roto Tilt Chair, 24, 24
S
saccule, otolith receptors, 29, 37
safety harness, rotational chair, 122, 122
Schwann cells, 53
semicircular canals (SCC), 28, 30–36
canal ampullaris, 31–33
canal cupula, 32, 34
crista ampullaris, 33
cupular physiology, 35
deflection, 34–35
horizontal, 31
orthogonal or coplanar relationship, 31
pendular model of semicircular canal function,
35–36
vesitbular ocular reflex, 92–98, 93
anterior SCC VOR, 97
horizontal SCC VOR, 93–97, 94–96
h-VOR, 94–97
posterior SCC VOR, 97–98
sensory epithelium, otolith receptors, 39
sinusoidal acceleration normative reference ranges,
301
Sinusoidal Harmonic Acceleration (SHA) testing,
153–209
abnormalities, 207–208
analysis parameters, 163–199
gain, VOR response, 165, 167–168, 166–173
phase, 165, 173–192
spectral purity, 195–199
symmetry, 165, 192–195
chair data vs. eye data, 165
clinical application, 200–206
bilateral peripheral vestibulopathies, 200–201
central pathologies, 201–204
unilateral peripheral vestibulopathies, 200
limitations, 206–209
nystagmus, fast phase, 162–164, 167
nystagmus, slow phase, 163, 163–164, 167
response, normal, 162–163
rotational chair, 154
step testing, 155
stimulus, 154–161
acceleration, 155–156
angular acceleration, 158–160, 159
angular velocity, 159
chair revolution, 161
chair rotation, 161
clockwise rotations, 154
counterclockwise rotations, 154
cycles of oscillation, 160–161
cycles of rotation, 158
deflection, 155
frequency, 156–157
period, 157
rotational characteristic comparisons, 159
rotational properties, 157
sustained rotations, 155
velocity, 155–156, 161, 165
testing strengths, 206–209
sixth sense, 1–2
somatosensory cues, 288
spectral purity, SHA testing parameter, 195–199
calculation, 195–197
interpretation, 197–198
mental suppression, 199
spinocerebellum, 60
static compensation, 72–73
static head positioning, 65
step acceleration, 213–214
step stimuli, velocity step testing, 213
step testing, 155
stereocilia bundles, 29, 33
Stille-LKB Rotating chair, 12
stimuli, velocity step testing, 211–214
step acceleration, 213–214
velocity stimuli, 214, 218–223
stimulus characteristics, velocity step testing, 212
stimulus, SHA testing, 154–161
acceleration, 155–156
angular acceleration, 158–160, 159
angular velocity, 159
chair revolution, 161
chair rotation, 161
clockwise rotations, 154
counterclockwise rotations, 154
cycles of oscillation, 160–161
cycles of rotation, 158
deflection, 155
frequency, 156–157
period, 157
rotational characteristic comparisons, 159
320 Rotational Vestibular Assessment
stimulus, SHA testing (continued)
rotational properties, 157
sustained rotations, 155
velocity, 155–156, 161, 165
stimulus velocities, velocity step testing, 256–259
summary of rotational tests, 138
superior vestibular nucleus, 55–56
sustained rotations, 155
symmetry, SHA testing parameter, 165, 192–195
acute peripheral vestibulopathy, 194
asymmetry, 196
central pathology, 194–195
interpretation, 194
reference ranges, 195, 197
sinusoidal accelerations, 192–193
T
talk-back system, rotational chair, 117–118, 118
test battery, rotational testing, 139
test-retest reliability, rotational testing, 148–149
testing strengths, SHA testing, 206–209
tests, rotational, 261–300
acceleration threshold, 299
advancements, 296–300
chair head impulse testing (crHIT), 297–299
eccentric rotational testing,274–294
binocular, 287
centripetal force, 277
centrifugal force, 277
direction of rotation, 286–287
GIA force, 274–275
GIA/OCR linear regression model, 279–282
GIA vs. chair displacement, 283
Gravitational Inertial Acceleration (GIA), 277–279
lateral displacement, 285
methods, 282–288
monocular, 287
OCR-GIA slope, 277–279
ocular dysfunction, 287–288
off-center rotation, 274
on-center rotation, 274, 278
otolith disease, 288–294
response, 276–277
response measures, 283–284
rotation paradigms, non-dynamic, 284, 285–286
somatosensory cues, 288
stimuli, 282–283
theoretical OCR-GIA slope, 279, 281
tilt, 276
tilt angle, 287
translation, 276
unilateral otolith disorder, 290–291
Utricular pathways, 276
off vertical axis rotation (OVAR), 294–296
limitations, 295–296
protocol, 294
VOR response, 294–295
visual-vestibular interaction, 262–274
autoimmune disease, 271
caloric VOR suppression, 265–268
cerebellar degenerative disorder, 272–273
Cryptococcal meningitis, 266–267
lesions, 270
non-visual fixation targets, 263–264
rotational VOR suppression, 265–268
visual targets, 263–264
visual-vestibular enhancement protocol, 269–270
visual-vestibular enhancement testing, 268–274
VOR suppression protocol, 264–265
VOR suppression testing, 263–268
tests, Sinusoidal Harmonic Acceleration (SHA),
153–209
abnormalities, 207–208
analysis parameters, 163–199
gain, VOR response, 165, 167–168, 166–173
phase, 165, 173–192
spectral purity, 195–199
symmetry, 165, 192–195
chair data vs. eye data, 165
clinical application, 200–206
bilateral peripheral vestibulopathies, 200–201
central pathologies, 201–204
unilateral peripheral vestibulopathies, 200
limitations, 206–209
nystagmus, fast phase, 162–164, 167
nystagmus, slow phase, 163, 163–164, 167
response, normal, 162–163
rotational chair, 154
step testing, 155
stimulus, 154–161
acceleration, 155–156
angular acceleration, 158–160, 159
angular velocity, 159
chair revolution, 161
chair rotation, 161
clockwise rotations, 154
counterclockwise rotations, 154
cycles of oscillation, 160–161
cycles of rotation, 158
deflection, 155
frequency, 156–157
period, 157
rotational characteristic comparisons, 159
Index 321
Данная книга находится в списке для перевода на русский язык сайта https://meduniver.com/
rotational properties, 157
sustained rotations, 155
velocity, 155–156, 161, 165
testing strengths, 206–209
theoretical OCR-GIA slope, 279, 281
threshold detection, 128–129
tilt, 276
tilt angle, 287
time constant, velocity step testing, 223–236
time decay constants, velocity step testing, 223–236,
240, 240–241
abnormal results, 236
errors, 227–236
normal, 236
site-of-lesion, 240–241
velocity storage, 237, 238
VOR phase, 237–240
Tönnes apparatus, 12–13, 21–22
torque motor, 116
transition zone, central vestibular system, 53–54
translation, eccentric rotational testing, 276
translational maculo-ocular reflexes, 100
type I hair cell receptors, 29–30
type II hair cell receptors, 29–30
type I vestibular neurons, 61–63
type II vestibular neurons, 62–63
U
unilateral otolith disorder, 290–291
unilateral peripheral vestibulopathies, 200
unilateral vestibular lesion, 73–79, 103–104
Utricular pathways, 276
Utricular Vestibular Ocular Reflex pathways, 99
utricle, otolith receptors, 29, 36–37
cross section, 40
epithelial layer, 43
morphological organization, 42
transverse section, 41
V
vascular supply, central vestibular system, 88–89
Veits, 11
velocity, rotational testing, 149–150
velocity, SHA testing, 155–156, 161, 165
velocity step testing, 211–260
acceleration and velocity relationship, 214, 219,
221–222
afferent response, 215–216
asymmetry calculation, 250–251
cupular response, 214–215
high-velocity, 242–256
gain, 247–249
interpreting, 249–251
limitations, 253–256
parameters, 244–246
reversing nystagmus, 251–253
slow-phase, 246–247
symmetry, 249
nystagmus response, 216, 219–220, 221–222, 225
occular noise, 234–235
rightward step, 246
step stimuli, 213
stimuli, 211–214
step acceleration, 213–214
velocity, 214, 218–223
stimulus characteristics, 212
stimulus velocities, 256–259
time constant, 223–236
time decay constants, 223–236, 240, 240–241
abnormal results, 236
errors, 227–236
normal, 236
site-of-lesion, 240–241
velocity storage, 237, 238
VOR phase, 237–240
velocity storage, 256–259
cancellation protocol, 256–259
VOR response, 216–218, 217, 220, 226–227, 232–233
velocity stimuli, 214, 218–223
velocity storage, 61–72, 64–70
cancellation protocol, 256–259
dependency, 71–72
mechanism, 63–71
vertigo, 1–2
vestibular compensation, central vestibular system,
72–86
commissural cycle, broken, 79–85
dynamic compensation, 85–86
frequency, 86
neural clamping, 73
static compensation, 72–73
unilateral vestibular lesion, 73–79
vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP), 23
vestibular function comparison, 206
vestibular hair cell receptors, 29–30, 39
endolymph, 29
labyrinthine hair cells, 29
stereocilia bundles, 29
type I hair cell receptors, 29–30
type II hair cell receptors, 29–30
vestibular hair cell types, 29–30
vestibular hair cell types, 29–30
322 Rotational Vestibular Assessment
vestibular labyrinth, 7
vestibular nuclei, central vestibular system, 55–57
building blocks, 64–70
inferior vestibular nucleus, 56, 57
lateral vestibular nucleus, 55–56
medial vestibular nucleus, 56–57
superior vestibular nucleus, 55–56
Y-group, 57
vestibular nystagmus, 103, 103–105
bilateral peripheral vestibular lesions, 104–105
unilateral vestibular lesions, 103–104
vestibular ocular reflex (VOR), 9, 91–105
Ewald’s Laws, 92
macular VOR, 98–103
otolith VOR, 98–103
counterrolling macula-ocular reflexes, 100–101
maculo-ocular reflexes, 98–102
maculo-spinal reflexes, 101–102
otolith maculae VOR, 98
translational maculo-ocular reflexes, 100
Utricular Vestibular Ocular Reflex pathways, 99
vestibulocollic reflex (VCR), 102
vestibulospinal reflex (VSR), 102, 102–103
properties, 91–92
purpose, 91–92
semicircular canal (SCC), 92–98, 93
anterior SCC VOR, 97
horizontal SCC VOR, 93–97, 94–96
h-VOR, 94–97
posterior SCC VOR, 97–98
vestibular nystagmus, 103, 103–105
bilateral peripheral vestibular lesions, 104–105
unilateral vestibular lesions, 103–104
vestibular physiology, 9
vestibulocerebellum, 58–60, 59
vestibulocollic reflex (VCR), 102
vestibulospinal reflex (VSR), 102, 102–103
video head impulse testing (vHIT), 23
video monitor, rotational chair, 118–120
videooculography goggles, rotational chair, 126–130
videooculography (VOG) sampling rate, 131–132
visual targets, 263–264
visual vertical normative reference ranges, 302
visual-vestibular enhancement protocol, 269–270
visual-vestibular enhancement testing, 268–274
visual-vestibular interaction, rotational testing,
262–274
autoimmune disease, 271
caloric VOR suppression, 265–268
cerebellar degenerative disorder, 272–273
Cryptococcal meningitis, 266–267
lesions, 270
non-visual fixation targets, 263–264
rotational VOR suppression, 265–268
visual targets, 263–264
visual-vestibular enhancement protocol, 269–270
visual-vestibular enhancement testing, 268–274
VOR suppression protocol, 264–265
VOR suppression testing, 263–268
von Wenusch, F. R., 7, 7
VOR response, rotational testing, 150–151
VOR response, velocity step testing, 216–218, 217, 220,
226–227, 232–233
VOR suppression protocol, 264–265
VOR suppression testing, 263–268
W
Wells, Charles, 1–2, 7, 8
Wells, Louisa Susannah, 2
White, William J., 18
Wright Field Centrifuge, 18, 19
Y
Y-group, 57
Данная книга находится в списке для перевода на русский язык сайта https://meduniver.com/
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