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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_3594_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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Index 415
https://t.me/medicina_free
Thrombosis, after vascular trauma, 222
Tibial artery injuries, 273, 284–285, 285f
Tibial fractures, open, 322t
Tibial plateau fracture, 85–86
Tibioperoneal trunk (TPT), 283
Tissue trauma, coagulopathy in, 71
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), 71
Torso hemorrhage, noncompressible, 61–63
abdominal hemorrhage, 62–63
advanced prehospital services, 61
pelvic hemorrhage, 63, 63b
thoracic hemorrhage, 62
treatment, 62
Torso vascular injuries, 297
Total hepatic vascular exclusion, for hemorrhage
control, 232
Tourniquets (TQs), 56, 72–73
combat-action, 355, 355f
development of, 13
in upper extremity vascular injury, approach
to, 254–255
TPT. See Tibioperoneal trunk (TPT)
Tranexamic acid (TXA), 4
Transabdominal torso injuries, 395
Transcatheter angiography, 91–93
Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), 101
for blunt thoracic aortic injury, 202, 202t
Transfusion, of blood products, 66
Transmediastinal torso injuries, 395
Transplantation, vein injuries and, 238
Transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac
tamponade and, 8, 8f, 8t
Trapdoor thoracotomy, 260
Trauma
implications for, 156
limb amputation for, 323, 324b
surgery, 108
in Sweden, 370–371, 371f
Trauma center, function of, 35–36
Trauma-induced ARDS, 162–163
Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC), 71–72
Trauma quality improvement, 35
Trauma service, 36
Trauma surgery, 366
Trauma systems
in combat casualty care, 36–37
key components of, 34–35
organization of Joint Theater Trauma System,
37–38, 37t, 38t
overview of, 34
Traumatic arteriovenous (AV) stulae, 274, 313
Traumatic false aneurysm, 200, 200f
abdominal vascular injuries and, 214
Trauma units (TUs), 34
“Trial of debridement”, 325
Triplex prosthetic conduit, 305
Tris-acryl gelatin (TAGM), 115
Troponin, cardiac, 9
Truncal vascular injuries, temporary vascular
shunts for, 297–298
TU. See Trauma units (TUs)
Tube thoracostomy, for lung injuries, 24
U
UK Defence Medical Services, guidelines
concerning trauma amputation, 324b
Ulnar artery
anatomy of, 263, 264f
injuries to, 263–265
operative management of, 263, 264f
Ultrasound, 97–101
complications of, 101
as diagnostic tool, 100
endovascular procedures, 100
guide real-time certain vascular, 100
indications for, 98–99, 99f
pediatric vascular injury, 313
pitfalls and danger points of, 99–100
preparation for, 99
as screening tool, 100
strategy for, 100
technique for, 100–101
transthoracic, 8, 8f
Umbilical vein catheters, 339
Upper extremity vascular injury, 84, 86f
axillary artery injuries, 260–261
brachial artery injuries, 261–263
compartment syndrome and, 268–269,
269b, 269f
complex, general considerations in
addressing, 253–256, 254f
complications after, 268–269
endovascular management of, 265–267,
266f
epidemiology of, 252–253
mangled extremity scores in, application of,
255–256, 256t
monitoring for, 267
nonoperative management of, 267
operative strategy for, 255
operative technique for, 259–260
outcomes after, 253t, 269–270
postoperative care for, 267–268
radial artery injuries, 263–265
rehabilitation in, 267–268
subclavian artery injuries, 256–257
tourniquets in, approach to, 254–255
ulnar artery injuries, 263–265
wound care in, 267, 268f
Upper extremity venous injury, optimal
management of, 265
Upper limb injury complexes, 321
Upper limb vascular injuries, in austere
environment, surgery for, 336–339,
337f, 338f, 339f
brachial and forearm vessels, 338–339
subclavian and axillary vessel, 336–338,
337f, 338f, 339f
Upper limb wounds, commonly used aps for,
329–330
Urban populations, vascular trauma in, 27–28
Urban setting, in Brazil, 401
V
Vascular and trauma surgery, in Finland, 366
Vascular conduit
in austere and military settings, 306–307
considerations for, in repair of vascular
injury, 300
decision making in choice of, 304–306
ideal, for vascular trauma, 304–306, 305f,
305t
location and nature of injury, 304, 305t
future considerations of, 307–309
articial blood vessels, 307–308
improvements in storage, 309
problem identication of, 300, 301f
types of, 300–304
allografts, 302
autologous, 301
prosthetic, 301–302
xenografts, 303
Vascular injuries, 273, 312
diagnostic tests for, 92t
hard signs of, 333
legacy, 11
in civilian experience, 20–21
early vascular surgery in, 14–17
during Gulf War, 20
initial control of hemorrhage in, 12–14
during Korean Conict, 19–20
in Vietnam, 19–20, 20t
during World War I, 17
during World War II, 17–18
pediatric. See Pediatric vascular injury
soft signs of, 333–334
soft-tissue and skeletal wound management
in setting of, 321
systems of care in, 34
clinical practice guidelines in, 39
combat casualty care in, 36–37
data collection and comparison in, 38–39,
39b
ownership and responsibilities in, 38
tracking of new technology in, 39
temporary shunts for, 290–292
upper extremity
axillary artery injuries, 260–261
brachial artery injuries, 261–263
compartment syndrome and, 268–269,
269b, 269f
complex, general considerations in
addressing, 253–256, 254f
complications after, 268–269
endovascular management of, 265–267,
266f
epidemiology of, 252–253, 253t
mangled extremity scores in, application of,
255–256, 256t
monitoring for, 267
nonoperative management of, 267
operative strategy for, 255
outcomes after, 253t, 269–270
postoperative care for, 267–268
radial artery injuries, 263–265
rehabilitation in, 267–268
subclavian artery injuries, 256–257
tourniquets in, approach to, 254–255
ulnar artery injuries, 263–265
wound care in, 267, 268f
Vascular injury
in neck, 59
prehospital management of, 55
bleeding, 56–64
replacing lost volume, 64–67
Vascular reconstruction, 275, 379
Vascular repair, for great vessel injuries, 19–21
Vascular repair or primary amputation,
377–378, 380f
Vascular surgery, 156
in austere environment, 332
for abdominal vascular injuries, 339–341,
340f, 341f
equipment for, 332, 332f
forearm amputation, 347, 349f
fundamentals of, 332–333, 332f, 333f
futility of, 344, 344f
for lower limb injuries, 342–344, 342f, 343f
for neck injuries, 333–336
resuscitative thoracotomy, 341–342
for soft-tissue injury, 344–347, 345b
for upper limb injuries, 336–339, 337f,
338f, 339f
vascularized composite muscle aps for
coverage of vascular reconstruction,
345–347
early, 14–17, 14t
Vascular surgical training, and certication,
353
Vascular trauma
in Brazil, 401
automobile crashes, 402–403
416 Index
https://t.me/medicina_free
Vascular trauma (continued)
endovascular facilities, 404
epidemiology of, 401–403
evaluation and diagnosis, 403
homicide rates, 401, 402t
patterns and treatment strategies,
403–405
rural setting, 401–402
training next generation of trauma
surgeons, 405–406
urban setting, 401
in Colombia, 396
axillary artery approach, 398–400, 399f,
400f
posterior popliteal artery approach,
396–398, 397f, 398f
endovascular to extracorporeal systems for,
158
combining techniques, 163–164
lung support, advances in, 161–163, 162f,
163f
renal support, advances in, 158–161
epidemiology of, 23, 24b, 24t
among local national populations, 26
categorization of, 24–31
in civilian society, 26–29
in combat troops, 25–26
extremes of age, 29–30
in iatrogenic vascular injury, 30–31
lifestyle and socioeconomic factors and,
28–29
and military conict, 25–26
principles of, 23
ideal conduit for, 304–306, 305f, 305t
in Israel, 388
management of, 21
region-specic considerations for diagnosis of,
354–355
in Serbia, 377
complex injuries, 378–379, 381f
diagnosis, 377–378
early complications, 382–383, 383f
endovascular repair of injured vessels, 383,
384f, 385f
late revascularization, 380–382, 382f
long-term complications, 385
pediatric vascular trauma, 383–385, 386f
primary amputation, 377, 380f
primary bleeding control, 377, 379f
strategy during management of, 377
vascular repair, 377–378, 380f
venous injury, 378, 380f
war versus civil vascular trauma, 377, 378f
in South Africa, 391
considerations for diagnosis of, 393–394,
394f
epidemiology of, 391–392, 392f
strategies for sustaining and training of
trauma surgeons in, 395
systems of care in, 392–393
treatment strategies for, 394–395
training paradigms for, 42
Advanced Surgical Skills for Exposures in
Trauma, 49–50, 50f, 50t
Advanced Trauma Operative Management,
49
Basic Endovascular Skills for Trauma, 51
Denitive Surgical Trauma Care course, 48
Denitive Surgical Trauma Skills, 48–49
Endovascular Resuscitation and Trauma
Management Workshop, 51
Endovascular Skills for Trauma and
Resuscitative Surgery, 51
European Vascular Masterclass, 50–51
in general surgery, residency, 43–44, 43t
in graduate medical education, 42–44
simulation-based training for, 47–48
team-based training for, 46–47
tools, 45–46
in vascular surgery, residency, 44–45
ways forward for, 45–51
Vascular trauma in Sweden, 371–372, 372f
Vein graft, for arterial defect, 17f
Venous iatrogenic injury, 31
Venous injury, 273, 378, 380f
neck/thoracic outlet arterial injuries
associated with, 243
Venous repair, considerations for, 232
Venous shunting, 296
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), 277
Venous thrombosis, ultrasound ndings in, 98t
Venovenous bypass, 238
Ventilator-associated pneumonia, 27
Ventricular brillation cardiac arrest, 152–153,
153f
Verication Review Committee (VRC), ACS COT, 36
Vertebral artery, 245–247
anatomic segments of, 248f
injuries to, 241
management of, 246
natural history of, 242
operative strategy and technique for,
245–247, 248f
Vessel injury, single, in forearm, 339
Veteran’s Administration (VA) study, 46
Vietnam
experience in, vascular surgery in, 19–20,
20t
via Gulf War 1991 to Afghanistan and Iraq,
military vascular surgery in, 20
Vietnam Vascular Registry, 19, 20t
Violent injury, in urban populations, 27
Visceral arteries, injuries to, 218–220
celiac artery and branches, 218
endovascular treatment for, 220
inferior mesenteric artery, 219
mortality in, 220
renal artery, 219–220
superior mesenteric artery, 218–219
Visceral rotation, medial, 214, 215f, 216f
Visceral vessel injuries, 212
Vitallium tube techniques, 288
experimental and clinical application of, 289f
Volodos, Nikolai, 374
Volume resuscitation, 74
von Esmarch, Freidrich, 13
VTE. See Venous thromboembolism (VTE)
W
War tactics and weapons, 357–358
Wartime injuries, 330, 357–358
War versus civil vascular trauma, 377, 378f
World War I experience, vascular surgery and,
17
World War II
arterial repair, nonsuture method of, during,
18, 18f
experience, vascular surgery and, 17–18
interposition grafts and, 300
Wound infections, 276
X
Xenografts, 303
Y
Yassinovsky, Alexander, 374
Z
Zone I injuries, of neck, operative management
of, 336, 337f
Zone II injuries, of vascular injuries, 213
Zone III injuries, of neck, operative management
of, 335–336, 336f
Conf idence
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