Добавил:
Sekretar
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru
t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / @xirurgi_2025 / @xirurgi_2025 - 868 - файл
.pdf
188
https://t.me/med1917
N. D. Neilsen et al.
but also incorporates pharmacological interventions such as the perioperative use of
TXA and brin sealants. For example, a meta-analysis of over 120 trials demonstrated
that the use of TXA reduced the probability of blood transfusion by 38% [153]. For
surgical procedures with signicant expected blood loss, the incorporation of techniques such as intraoperative blood salvage and acute normovolemic hemodilution
can markedly reduce the need for allogenic blood transfusion [168].
Postoperatively, PBM emphasizes efforts to reduce blood losses whenever possible. Simple interventions such as reducing the frequency and volume of phlebotomy
can have a major impact on overall transfusion frequency [171]. The reduction in
postoperative surgical drain use can also reduce transfusion requirements [172]. Iron
supplementation postoperatively has been shown to reduce postoperative transfusion
requirements in some settings though overall data are limited at this time [173].
PBM initiatives are becoming rapidly incorporated into the inpatient and, particularly, surgical landscape, and should be considered a major element of surgical
safety programs for the foreseeable future.
Conclusion
Blood product transfusion remains an essential aspect of high-quality, modern perioperative care, though not without risk. Complications directly related to the transfused products and those related to the blood-recipient interaction are rare, but may
be serious or deadly, and are more commonly associated with emergency transfusions. Emergency transfusion of uncrossmatched RBC and plasma shows promise
in initial investigations, but more research is required before widespread implementation can be recommended.
Massive transfusion (MT) is a special case of emergency blood product transfusion that has received considerable recent attention, mainly in trauma patients.
Updated denitions of MT have been developed to replace the original arbitrary
denition and to better reect the clinical reality of rapid bleeding. Massive transfusion protocols have been implemented in nearly all mature trauma centers in the
USA and are also being extended to patients with non-traumatic causes of hemorrhage. The ideal transfusion ratios of plasma and platelets to RBC remain a topic of
active investigation. Viscoelastic testing provides more granular and real-time information about coagulation dynamics than traditional coagulation tests, and VETguided transfusion practice may result in more efcient use of blood bank resources
and, ultimately, better patient care.
References
1. Petrides MAJ.To transfuse or not to transfuse: an assessment of risks and benets. In: Mintz
P, editor. Transfusion therapy: clinical principles and practice. 3rd ed. Bethesda: AABB
Press; 2011. p.855–99.
2. Brecher ME, Hay SN.Bacterial contamination of blood components. Clin Microbiol Rev.
2005;18(1):195–204.
11 Blood Transfusion Safety intheOperating Room
https://t.me/med1917
3. Rao PL, Strausbaugh LJ, Liedtke LA, Srinivasan A, Kuehnert MJ.Bacterial infections associated with blood transfusion: experience and perspective of infectious diseases consultants.
Transfusion. 2007;47(7):1206–11.
4. CDC.Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Fatal bacterial infections associated with platelet transfusions—United States, 2004. CDC. 2005. https://www.cdc.gov/mmWR/preview/
mmwrhtml/mm5407a2.htm.
5. Linden JV, Wagner K, Voytovich AE, Sheehan J.Transfusion errors in NewYork State: an
analysis of 10 years’ experience. Transfusion. 2000;40(10):1207–13.
6. FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER). Fatalities reported to FDA following blood collection and transfusion annual summary for scal year 2016. FDA. https://
www.fda.gov/media/111226/download.
7. Strobel E.Hemolytic transfusion reactions. Transfus Med Hemother. 2008;35(5):346–53.
8. Tormey CA, Hendrickson JE. Transfusion-related red blood cell alloantibodies: induction
and consequences. Blood. 2019;133(17):1821–30.
9. Davenport RD. Pathophysiology of hemolytic transfusion reactions. Semin Hematol.
2005;42(3):165–8.
10. Vamvakas EC, Pineda AA, Reisner R, Santrach PJ, Moore SB.The differentiation of delayed
hemolytic and delayed serologic transfusion reactions: incidence and predictors of hemolysis. Transfusion. 1995;35(1):26–32.
11. Hendrickson JE, Hillyer CD.Noninfectious serious hazards of transfusion. Anesth Analg.
2009;108(3):759–69.
12. Delaney M, Wendel S, Bercovitz RS, Cid J, Cohn C, Dunbar NM, etal. Transfusion reactions: prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Lancet. 2016;388(10061):2825–36.
13. Ploeg A, Bateman RM, Sharpe MD, Jagger JE, Ellis CG, Solé-Violán J, etal. Nosocomial
infections after peripheral arterial bypass surgery. World J Surg. 2007;31(8):1687–92.
14. Gunst MA, Minei JP.Transfusion of blood products and nosocomial infection in surgical
patients. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2007;13(4):428–32.
15. Izuel Rami M, García Erce JA, Gómez-Barrera M, Cuenca Espiérrez J, Abad Sazatornil
R, Rabanaque Hernández MJ. [Relationship between allogeneic blood transfusion, iron
deciency and nosocomial infection in patients with hip fracture]. Med Clin (Barc).
2008;131(17):647–652. [In Spanish].
16. Rosmarakis ES, Prapas SN, Rellos K, Michalopoulos A, Samonis G, Falagas ME.Nosocomial
infections after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: frequency, characteristics, and risk
factors. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2007;6(6):759–67.
17. Hill GE, Frawley WH, Grifth KE, Forestner JE, Minei JP. Allogeneic blood transfusion increases the risk of postoperative bacterial infection: a meta-analysis. J Trauma.
2003;54(5):908–14.
18. Taylor RW, Manganaro L, O'Brien J, Trottier SJ, Parkar N, Veremakis C.Impact of allogenic
packed red blood cell transfusion on nosocomial infection rates in the critically ill patient.
Crit Care Med. 2002;30(10):2249–54.
19. Chelemer SB, Prato BS, Cox PM Jr, O’Connor GT, Morton JR. Association of bacterial
infection and red blood cell transfusion after coronary artery bypass surgery. Ann Thorac
Surg. 2002;73(1):138–42.
20. Vamvakas EC.The abandoned controversy surrounding universal white blood cell reduction.
Blood Transfus. 2014;12(2):143–5.
21. Simancas-Racines D, Osorio D, Martí-Carvajal AJ, Arevalo-Rodriguez I.Leukoreduction for
the prevention of adverse reactions from allogeneic blood transfusion. Cochrane Database
Syst Rev. 2015;(12):CD009745.
22. Otrock ZK, Liu C, Grossman BJ.Transfusion-related acute lung injury risk mitigation: an
update. Vox Sang. 2017;112(8):694–703.
23. Saverimuttu J, Greeneld T, Rotenko I, Crozier J, Jalaludin B, Harvey M.Implications for
urgent transfusion of uncrossmatched blood in the emergency department: the prevalence
of clinically signicant red cell antibodies within different patient groups. Emerg Med
(Fremantle). 2003;15(3):239–43.
189
190
https://t.me/med1917
24. Barnes A Jr, Allen TE.Transfusions subsequent to administration of universal donor blood in
Vietnam. JAMA. 1968;204(8):695–7.
25. Goodell PP, Uhl L, Mohammed M, Powers AA.Risk of hemolytic transfusion reactions following emergency-release RBC transfusion. Am J Clin Pathol. 2010;134(2):202–6.
26. Radkay L, Triulzi DJ, Yazer MH.Low risk of hemolysis after transfusion of uncrossmatched
red blood cells. Immunohematology. 2012;28(2):39–44.
27. Mulay SB, Jaben EA, Johnson P, Badjie K, Stubbs JR.Risks and adverse outcomes associated with emergency-release red blood cell transfusion. Transfusion. 2013;53(7):1416–20.
28. Zielinski MD, Johnson PM, Jenkins D, Goussous N, Stubbs JR.Emergency use of prethawed
Group A plasma in trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74(1):69–74; discussion 74–5.
29. Stubbs JR, Zielinski MD, Berns KS, Badjie KS, Tauscher CD, Hammel SA, etal. How we
provide thawed plasma for trauma patients. Transfusion. 2015;55(8):1830–7.
30. Sihler KC, Napolitano LM.Complications of massive transfusion. Chest. 2010;137(1):209–20.
31. Moore FA, Moore EE, Sauaia A, Blood transfusion. An independent risk factor for postinjury
multiple organ failure. Arch Surg. 1997;132(6):620–4; discussion 624–5.
32. Levy JH.Massive transfusion coagulopathy. Semin Hematol. 2006;43(1 Suppl 1):S59–63.
33. Smith HM, Farrow SJ, Ackerman JD, Stubbs JR, Sprung J. Cardiac arrests associated with hyperkalemia during red blood cell transfusion: a case series. Anesth Analg.
2008;106(4):1062–9, table of contents.
34. Lee TL, Lun KC.Review of problems of massive blood transfusion in a surgical intensive
care unit. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1985;14(1):175–84.
35. Ludbrook J, Wynn V. Citrate intoxication; a clinical and experimental study. Br Med
J. 1958;2(5095):523–8.
36. Spinella PC, Cap AP.Whole blood: back to the future. Curr Opin Hematol. 2016;23(6):536–42.
37. Spinella PC, Perkins JG, Grathwohl KW, Beekley AC, Holcomb JB.Warm fresh whole blood
is independently associated with improved survival for patients with combat-related traumatic injuries. J Trauma. 2009;66(4 Suppl):S69–76.
38. Borgman MA, Spinella PC, Perkins JG, Grathwohl KW, Repine T, Beekley AC, etal. The
ratio of blood products transfused affects mortality in patients receiving massive transfusions
at a combat support hospital. J Trauma. 2007;63(4):805–13.
39. Holcomb JB, Wade CE, Michalek JE, Chisholm GB, Zarzabal LA, Schreiber MA, et al.
Increased plasma and platelet to red blood cell ratios improves outcome in 466 massively
transfused civilian trauma patients. Ann Surg. 2008;248(3):447–58.
40. Holcomb JB, Zarzabal LA, Michalek JE, Kozar RA, Spinella PC, Perkins JG, etal. Increased
platelet: RBC ratios are associated with improved survival after massive transfusion. J
Trauma. 2011;71(2 Suppl 3):S318–28.
41. Beekley AC.Damage control resuscitation: a sensible approach to the exsanguinating surgical patient. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(7 Suppl):S267–74.
42. Duchesne JC, Barbeau JM, Islam TM, Wahl G, Greiffenstein P, McSwain NE Jr. Damage
control resuscitation: from emergency department to the operating room. Am Surg.
2011;77(2):201–6.
43. Duchesne JC, McSwain NE Jr, Cotton BA, Hunt JP, Dellavolpe J, Lafaro K, etal. Damage
control resuscitation: the new face of damage control. J Trauma. 2010;69(4):976–90.
44. Holcomb JB, Jenkins D, Rhee P, Johannigman J, Mahoney P, Mehta S, et al. Damage
control resuscitation: directly addressing the early coagulopathy of trauma. J Trauma.
2007;62(2):307–10.
45. Makley AT, Goodman MD, Belizaire RM, Friend LA, Johannigman JA, Dorlac WC, etal.
Damage control resuscitation decreases systemic inammation after hemorrhage. J Surg Res.
2012;175(2):e75–82.
46. Sillesen M, Johansson PI, Rasmussen LS, Jin G, Jepsen CH, Imam A, etal. Fresh frozen
plasma resuscitation attenuates platelet dysfunction compared with normal saline in a large
animal model of multisystem trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014;76(4):998–1007.
N. D. Neilsen et al.
11 Blood Transfusion Safety intheOperating Room
https://t.me/med1917
47. Shrestha B, Holcomb JB, Camp EA, Del Junco DJ, Cotton BA, Albarado R, etal. Damagecontrol resuscitation increases successful nonoperative management rates and survival after
severe blunt liver injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;78(2):336–41.
48. Auten JD, Lunceford NL, Horton JL, Galarneau MR, Galindo RM, Shepps CD, et al.
The safety of early fresh, whole blood transfusion among severely battle injured at US
Marine Corps forward surgical care facilities in Afghanistan. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2015;79(5):790–6.
49. Garcia Hejl C, Martinaud C, Macarez R, Sill J, Le Golvan A, Dulou R, etal. The implementation of a multinational “walking blood bank” in a combat zone: the experience of a health
service team deployed to a medical treatment facility in Afghanistan. J Trauma Acute Care
Surg. 2015;78(5):949–54.
50. Cahill BP, Stinar TR. Improving the emergency whole blood program. Mil Med.
2011;176(11):1287–91.
51. Pivalizza EG, Stephens CT, Sridhar S, Gumbert SD, Rossmann S, Bertholf MF, etal. Whole
blood for resuscitation in adult civilian trauma in 2017: a narrative review. Anesth Analg.
2018;127(1):157–62.
52. Cotton BA, Podbielski J, Camp E, Welch T, del Junco D, Bai Y, etal. A randomized controlled
pilot trial of modied whole blood versus component therapy in severely injured patients
requiring large volume transfusions. Ann Surg. 2013;258(4):527–32; discussion 532–3.
53. Holcomb JB, del Junco DJ, Fox EE, Wade CE, Cohen MJ, Schreiber MA, etal. The prospective, observational, multicenter, major trauma transfusion (PROMMTT) study: comparative effectiveness of a time-varying treatment with competing risks. JAMA Surg.
2013;148(2):127–36.
54. Holcomb JB, Tilley BC, Baraniuk S, Fox EE, Wade CE, Podbielski JM, etal. Transfusion of
plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 vs a 1:1:2 ratio and mortality in patients with
severe trauma: the PROPPR randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015;313(5):471–82.
55. Hallet J, Lauzier F, Mailloux O, Trottier V, Archambault P, Zarychanski R, etal. The use of
higher platelet: RBC transfusion ratio in the acute phase of trauma resuscitation: a systematic
review. Crit Care Med. 2013;41(12):2800–11.
56. Lustenberger T, Frischknecht A, Brüesch M, Keel MJ. Blood component ratios in massively transfused, blunt trauma patients—a time-dependent covariate analysis. J Trauma.
2011;71(5):1144–50; discussion 1150–1.
57. Kornblith LZ, Robles AJ, Conroy AS, Redick BJ, Howard BM, Hendrickson CM, et al.
Predictors of postinjury acute respiratory distress syndrome: lung injury persists in the era of
hemostatic resuscitation. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019;87(2):371–8.
58. Floccard B, Rugeri L, Faure A, Saint Denis M, Boyle EM, Peguet O, etal. Early coagulopathy in trauma patients: an on-scene and hospital admission study. Injury. 2012;43(1):26–32.
59. Brohi K, Singh J, Heron M, Coats T. Acute traumatic coagulopathy. J Trauma.
2003;54(6):1127–30.
60. Duchesne JC, Islam TM, Stuke L, Timmer JR, Barbeau JM, Marr AB, etal. Hemostatic
resuscitation during surgery improves survival in patients with traumatic-induced coagulopathy. J Trauma. 2009;67(1):33–7; discussion 37–9.
61. Engels PT, Rezende-Neto JB, Al Mahroos M, Scarpelini S, Rizoli SB, Tien HC.The natural history of trauma-related coagulopathy: implications for treatment. J Trauma. 2011;71(5
Suppl 1):S448–55.
62. MacLeod JB, Lynn M, McKenney MG, Cohn SM, Murtha M.Early coagulopathy predicts
mortality in trauma. J Trauma. 2003;55(1):39–44.
63. Niles SE, McLaughlin DF, Perkins JG, Wade CE, Li Y, Spinella PC, etal. Increased mortality associated with the early coagulopathy of trauma in combat casualties. J Trauma.
2008;64(6):1459–63; discussion 1463–5.
64. Brohi K, Cohen MJ, Ganter MT, Schultz MJ, Levi M, Mackersie RC, etal. Acute coagulopathy of trauma: hypoperfusion induces systemic anticoagulation and hyperbrinolysis. J
Trauma. 2008;64(5):1211–7; discussion 1217.
191
192
https://t.me/med1917
65. Cohen MJ, Call M, Nelson M, Calfee CS, Esmon CT, Brohi K, etal. Critical role of activated
protein C in early coagulopathy and later organ failure, infection and death in trauma patients.
Ann Surg. 2012;255(2):379–85.
66. Cohen MJ, Kutcher M, Redick B, Nelson M, Call M, Knudson MM, et al. Clinical and
mechanistic drivers of acute traumatic coagulopathy. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;75(1
Suppl 1):S40–7.
67. Rizoli SB, Scarpelini S, Callum J, Nascimento B, Mann KG, Pinto R, etal. Clotting factor
deciency in early trauma-associated coagulopathy. J Trauma. 2011;71(5 Suppl 1):S427–34.
68. Shaz BH, Winkler AM, James AB, Hillyer CD, MacLeod JB.Pathophysiology of early
trauma-induced coagulopathy: emerging evidence for hemodilution and coagulation factor
depletion. J Trauma. 2011;70(6):1401–7.
69. Sheppard FR, Schaub LJ, Cap AP, Macko AR, Moore HB, Moore EE, etal. Whole blood
mitigates the acute coagulopathy of trauma and avoids the coagulopathy of crystalloid resuscitation. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018;85(6):1055–62.
70. Davenport R, Manson J, De’Ath H, Platton S, Coates A, Allard S, etal. Functional denition
and characterization of acute traumatic coagulopathy. Crit Care Med. 2011;39(12):2652–8.
71. Cotton BA, Faz G, Hatch QM, Radwan ZA, Podbielski J, Wade C, etal. Rapid thrombelastography delivers real-time results that predict transfusion within 1 hour of admission. J
Trauma. 2011;71(2):407–14; discussion 414–7.
72. da Luz LT, Nascimento B, Rizoli S.Thrombelastography (TEG(R)): practical considerations
on its clinical use in trauma resuscitation. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2013;21:29.
73. Deppe AC, Weber C, Zimmermann J, Kuhn EW, Slottosch I, Liakopoulos OJ, etal. Pointof- care thromboelastography/thromboelastometry-based coagulation management in cardiac
surgery: a meta-analysis of 8332 patients. J Surg Res. 2016;203(2):424–33.
74. Holcomb JB, Minei KM, Scerbo ML, Radwan ZA, Wade CE, Kozar RA, etal. Admission
rapid thrombelastography can replace conventional coagulation tests in the emergency department: experience with 1974 consecutive trauma patients. Ann Surg. 2012;256(3):476–86.
75. Gonzalez E, Moore EE, Moore HB, Chapman MP, Chin TL, Ghasabyan A, et al. Goaldirected hemostatic resuscitation of trauma-induced coagulopathy: a pragmatic randomized
clinical trial comparing a viscoelastic assay to conventional coagulation assays. Ann Surg.
2016;263(6):1051–9.
76. Schöchl H, Nienaber U, Maegele M, Hochleitner G, Primavesi F, Steitz B, etal. Transfusion
in trauma: thromboelastometry-guided coagulation factor concentrate-based therapy versus
standard fresh frozen plasma-based therapy. Crit Care. 2011;15(2):R83.
77. Tapia NM, Chang A, Norman M, Welsh F, Scott B, Wall MJ Jr, etal. TEG-guided resuscitation is superior to standardized MTP resuscitation in massively transfused penetrating trauma
patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74(2):378–85; discussion 385–6.
78. Moore HB, Moore EE, Liras IN, Gonzalez E, Harvin JA, Holcomb JB, etal. Acute brinolysis shutdown after injury occurs frequently and increases mortality: a multicenter evaluation
of 2540 severely injured patients. J Am Coll Surg. 2016;222(4):347–55.
79. Chapman MP, Moore EE, Moore HB, Gonzalez E, Morton AP, Chandler J, etal. The “Death
Diamond”: rapid thrombelastography identies lethal hyperbrinolysis. J Trauma Acute Care
Surg. 2015;79(6):925–9.
80. Roberts DJ, Kalkwarf KJ, Moore HB, Cohen MJ, Fox EE, Wade CE, etal. Time course and
outcomes associated with transient versus persistent brinolytic phenotypes after injury: a
nested, prospective, multicenter cohort study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019;86(2):206–13.
81. Taylor JR 3rd, Fox EE, Holcomb JB, Rizoli S, Inaba K, Schreiber MA, etal. The hyperbrinolytic phenotype is the most lethal and resource intense presentation of brinolysis in
massive transfusion patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018;84(1):25–30.
82. Moore HB, Moore EE, Gonzalez E, Chapman MP, Chin TL, Silliman CC, et al.
Hyperbrinolysis, physiologic brinolysis, and brinolysis shutdown: the spectrum of
postinjury brinolysis and relevance to antibrinolytic therapy. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2014;77(6):811–7; discussion 817.
N. D. Neilsen et al.
11 Blood Transfusion Safety intheOperating Room
https://t.me/med1917
83. Moore EE, Moore HB, Gonzalez E, Chapman MP, Hansen KC, Sauaia A, etal. Postinjury
brinolysis shutdown: rationale for selective tranexamic acid. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2015;78(6 Suppl 1):S65–9.
84. Kutcher ME, Cripps MW, McCreery RC, Crane IM, Greenberg MD, Cachola LM, etal.
Criteria for empiric treatment of hyperbrinolysis after trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2012;73(1):87–93.
85. Moore HB, et al. Shock-induced systemic hyperbrinolysis is attenuated by plasma-rst
resuscitation. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79(6):897–904.
86. Cantle PM, Cotton BA. Prediction of massive transfusion in trauma. Crit Care Clin.
2017;33(1):71–84.
87. Brockamp T, Nienaber U, Mutschler M, Wafaisade A, Peiniger S, Lefering R, etal. Predicting
on-going hemorrhage and transfusion requirement after severe trauma: a validation of six
scoring systems and algorithms on the TraumaRegister DGU.Crit Care. 2012;16(4):R129.
88. Rose AH, Kotzé A, Doolan D, Norfolk DR, Bellamy MC.Massive transfusion—evaluation
of current clinical practice and outcome in two large teaching hospital trusts in Northern
England. Vox Sang. 2009;97(3):247–53.
89. Como JJ, Dutton RP, Scalea TM, Edelman BB, Hess JR.Blood transfusion rates in the care
of acute trauma. Transfusion. 2004;44(6):809–13.
90. Long K, Heaney JB, Simms ER, McSwain NE, Duchesne JC.When enough is enough: impact
of packed red blood cells in massive transfusion outcomes. Am Surg. 2013;79(8):810–4.
91. Davenport R, Curry N, Manson J, De’Ath H, Coates A, Rourke C, etal. Hemostatic effects
of fresh frozen plasma may be maximal at red cell ratios of 1:2. J Trauma. 2011;70(1):90–5;
discussion 95–6.
92. Ho AM, Holcomb JB, Ng CS, Zamora JE, Karmakar MK, Dion PW.The traditional vs “1:1:1”
approach debate on massive transfusion in trauma should not be treated as a dichotomy. Am
J Emerg Med. 2015;33(10):1501–4.
93. Cotton BA, Au BK, Nunez TC, Gunter OL, Robertson AM, Young PP. Predened massive
transfusion protocols are associated with a reduction in organ failure and postinjury complications. J Trauma. 2009;66(1):41–8; discussion 48–9.
94. Riskin DJ, Tsai TC, Riskin L, Hernandez-Boussard T, Purtill M, Maggio PM, etal. Massive
transfusion protocols: the role of aggressive resuscitation versus product ratio in mortality
reduction. J Am Coll Surg. 2009;209(2):198–205.
95. Johansson PI, Stensballe J.Effect of haemostatic control resuscitation on mortality in massively bleeding patients: a before and after study. Vox Sang. 2009;96(2):111–8.
96. Heelan Gladden AA, etal. Effect of pre-hospital use of the assessment of blood consumption
score and pre-thawed fresh frozen plasma on resuscitation and trauma mortality. J Am Coll
Surg. 2019;228(2):141–7.
97. Dzik WS, Ziman A, Cohn C, Pai M, Lozano M, Kaufman RM, etal. Survival after ultramassive transfusion: a review of 1360 cases. Transfusion. 2016;56(3):558–63.
98. Vaslef SN, Knudsen NW, Neligan PJ, Sebastian MW.Massive transfusion exceeding 50 units
of blood products in trauma patients. J Trauma. 2002;53(2):291–5; discussion 295–6.
99. Velmahos GC, Chan L, Chan M, Tatevossian R, Cornwell EE 3rd, Asensio JA, etal. Is there
a limit to massive blood transfusion after severe trauma? Arch Surg. 1998;133(9):947–52.
100. Brotman S, Lamonica C, Cowley RA.Massive transfusion without major complications after
trauma. Am J Emerg Med. 1986;4(6):514–5.
101. de Biasi AR, Stansbury LG, Dutton RP, Stein DM, Scalea TM, Hess JR.Blood product use in
trauma resuscitation: plasma decit versus plasma ratio as predictors of mortality in trauma
(CME). Transfusion. 2011;51(9):1925–32.
102. Kashuk JL, Moore EE, Johnson JL, Haenel J, Wilson M, Moore JB, etal. Postinjury life
threatening coagulopathy: is 1:1 fresh frozen plasma:packed red blood cells the answer? J
Trauma. 2008;65(2):261–70; discussion 270–1.
103. Savage SA, Zarzaur BL, Croce MA, Fabian TC.Redening massive transfusion when every
second counts. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74(2):396–400; discussion 400–2.
193
194
https://t.me/med1917
104. Rahbar E, Fox EE, del Junco DJ, Harvin JA, Holcomb JB, Wade CE, etal. Early resuscitation
intensity as a surrogate for bleeding severity and early mortality in the PROMMTT study. J
Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;75(1 Suppl 1):S16–23.
105. Savage SA, Zarzaur BL, Croce MA, Fabian TC.Time matters in 1:1 resuscitations: concurrent administration of blood: plasma and risk of death. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2014;77(6):833–8.
106. Moren AM, Hamptom D, Diggs B, Kiraly L, Fox EE, Holcomb JB, etal. Recursive partitioning identies greater than 4 U of packed red blood cells per hour as an improved massive
transfusion denition. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79(6):920–4.
107. Meyer DE, Cotton BA, Fox EE, Stein D, Holcomb JB, Cohen M, etal. A comparison of
resuscitation intensity and critical administration threshold in predicting early mortality
among bleeding patients: a multicenter validation in 680 major transfusion patients. J Trauma
Acute Care Surg. 2018;85(4):691–6.
108. Kautza BC, Cohen MJ, Cuschieri J, Minei JP, Brackenridge SC, Maier RV, et al.
Changes in massive transfusion over time: an early shift in the right direction? J Trauma.
2012;72(1):106–11.
109. Pommerening MJ, Goodman MD, Holcomb JB, Wade CE, Fox EE, Del Junco DJ, etal. Clinical
gestalt and the prediction of massive transfusion after trauma. Injury. 2015;46(5):807–13.
110. Yucel N, Lefering R, Maegele M, Vorweg M, Tjardes T, Ruchholtz S, etal. Trauma associated
severe hemorrhage (TASH)-score: probability of mass transfusion as surrogate for life threatening hemorrhage after multiple trauma. J Trauma. 2006;60(6):1228–36; discussion 1236–7.
111. Rainer TH, Ho AM, Yeung JH, Cheung NK, Wong RS, Tang N, etal. Early risk stratication of patients with major trauma requiring massive blood transfusion. Resuscitation.
2011;82(6):724–9.
112. Vandromme MJ, Grifn RL, McGwin G Jr, Weinberg JA, Rue LW 3rd, Kerby JD.Prospective
identication of patients at risk for massive transfusion: an imprecise endeavor. Am Surg.
2011;77(2):155–61.
113. Nunez TC, Voskresensky IV, Dossett LA, Shinall R, Dutton WD, Cotton BA.Early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma: simple as ABC (assessment of blood consumption)? J
Trauma. 2009;66(2):346–52.
114. Schreiber MA, Perkins J, Kiraly L, Underwood S, Wade C, Holcomb JB.Early predictors of
massive transfusion in combat casualties. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;205(4):541–5.
115. Callcut RA, Cripps MW, Nelson MF, Conroy AS, Robinson BB, Cohen MJ.The Massive
Transfusion Score as a decision aid for resuscitation: learning when to turn the massive transfusion protocol on and off. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2016;80(3):450–6.
116. Callcut RA, Cotton BA, Muskat P, Fox EE, Wade CE, Holcomb JB, etal. Dening when to
initiate massive transfusion: a validation study of individual massive transfusion triggers in
PROMMTT patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74(1):59–65, 67–8; discussion 66–7.
117. Ogura T, Nakamura Y, Nakano M, Izawa Y, Nakamura M, Fujizuka K, etal. Predicting the
need for massive transfusion in trauma patients: the Traumatic Bleeding Severity Score. J
Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014;76(5):1243–50.
118. Larson CR, etal. Association of shock, coagulopathy, and initial vital signs with massive
transfusion in combat casualties. J Trauma. 2010;69(Suppl 1):S26–32.
119. Hsu JM, Hitos K, Fletcher JP. Identifying the bleeding trauma patient: predictive factors
for massive transfusion in an Australasian trauma population. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2013;75(3):359–64.
120. McLaughlin DF, Niles SE, Salinas J, Perkins JG, Cox ED, Wade CE, etal. A predictive model
for massive transfusion in combat casualty patients. J Trauma. 2008;64(2 Suppl):S57–63;
discussion S63.
121. Cannon JW, Johnson MA, Caskey RC, Borgman MA, Neff LP. High ratio plasma resuscitation does not improve survival in pediatric trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2017;83(2):211–7.
122. Edwards MJ, Lustik MB, Clark ME, Creamer KM, Tuggle D. The effects of balanced
blood component resuscitation and crystalloid administration in pediatric trauma patients
N. D. Neilsen et al.
11 Blood Transfusion Safety intheOperating Room
https://t.me/med1917
requiring transfusion in Afghanistan and Iraq 2002 to 2012. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2015;78(2):330–5.
123. Hendrickson JE, Shaz BH, Pereira G, Parker PM, Jessup P, Atwell F, etal. Implementation
of a pediatric trauma massive transfusion protocol: one institution’s experience. Transfusion.
2012;52(6):1228–36.
124. Nosanov L, Inaba K, Okoye O, Resnick S, Upperman J, Shulman I, et al. The impact
of blood product ratios in massively transfused pediatric trauma patients. Am J Surg.
2013;206(5):655–60.
125. Hwu RS, Spinella PC, Keller MS, Baker D, Wallendorf M, Leonard JC. The effect of
massive transfusion protocol implementation on pediatric trauma care. Transfusion.
2016;56(11):2712–9.
126. Butler EK, Mills BM, Arbabi S, Bulger EM, Vavilala MS, Groner JI, etal. Association of
blood component ratios with 24-hour mortality in injured children receiving massive transfusion. Crit Care Med. 2019;47(7):975–83.
127. Inaba K, Branco BC, Rhee P, Blackbourne LH, Holcomb JB, Teixeira PG, etal. Impact of
plasma transfusion in trauma patients who do not require massive transfusion. J Am Coll
Surg. 2010;210(6):957–65.
128. Sarani B, Dunkman WJ, Dean L, Sonnad S, Rohrbach JI, Gracias VH.Transfusion of fresh
frozen plasma in critically ill surgical patients is associated with an increased risk of infection. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(4):1114–8.
129. Cotton BA, Gunter OL, Isbell J, Au BK, Robertson AM, Morris JA Jr, etal. Damage control
hematology: the impact of a trauma exsanguination protocol on survival and blood product
utilization. J Trauma. 2008;64(5):1177–82; discussion 1182–3.
130. Cotton BA, etal. Damage control resuscitation is associated with a reduction in resuscitation
volumes and improvement in survival in 390 damage control laparotomy patients. Ann Surg.
2011;254(4):598–605.
131. Duchesne JC, Kimonis K, Marr AB, Rennie KV, Wahl G, Wells JE, et al. Damage control resuscitation in combination with damage control laparotomy: a survival advantage. J
Trauma. 2010;69(1):46–52.
132. O’Keeffe T, Refaai M, Tchorz K, Forestner JE, Sarode R. A massive transfusion protocol to decrease blood component use and costs. Arch Surg. 2008;143(7):686–90; discussion 690–1.
133. Camazine MN, Hemmila MR, Leonard JC, Jacobs RA, Horst JA, Kozar RA, etal. Massive
transfusion policies at trauma centers participating in the American College of Surgeons
Trauma Quality Improvement Program. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;78(6 Suppl
1):S48–53.
134. Schuster KM, Davis KA, Lui FY, Maerz LL, Kaplan LJ. The status of massive transfusion protocols in United States trauma centers: massive transfusion or massive confusion?
Transfusion. 2010;50(7):1545–51.
135. Cannon JW, Khan MA, Raja AS, Cohen MJ, Como JJ, Cotton BA, etal. Damage control
resuscitation in patients with severe traumatic hemorrhage: a practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2017;82(3):605–17.
136. Campos A, Muñoz M, García-Erce JA, Ramírez G. [Incidence and mortality of massive transfusion in a university hospital: study of the period 2001-2005]. Med Clin (Barc).
2007;129(10):366–371. [In Spanish].
137. Halmin M, Chiesa F, Vasan SK, Wikman A, Norda R, Rostgaard K, etal. Epidemiology
of massive transfusion: a binational study from Sweden and Denmark. Crit Care Med.
2016;44(3):468–77.
138. Johansson PI, Hansen MB, Sorensen H.Transfusion practice in massively bleeding patients:
time for a change? Vox Sang. 2005;89(2):92–6.
139. Mesar T, Larentzakis A, Dzik W, Chang Y, Velmahos G, Yeh DD.Association between ratio
of fresh frozen plasma to red blood cells during massive transfusion and survival among
patients without traumatic injury. JAMA Surg. 2017;152(6):574–80.
195
196
https://t.me/med1917
140. Baumann Kreuziger LM, Morton CT, Subramanian AT, Anderson CP, Dries DJ.Not only in
trauma patients: hospital-wide implementation of a massive transfusion protocol. Transfus
Med. 2014;24(3):162–8.
141. McDaniel LM, Neal MD, Sperry JL, Alarcon LH, Forsythe RM, Triulzi D, etal. Use of
a massive transfusion protocol in nontrauma patients: activate away. J Am Coll Surg.
2013;216(6):1103–9.
142. Pacheco LD, Saade GR, Costantine MM, Clark SL, Hankins GD.The role of massive transfusion protocols in obstetrics. Am J Perinatol. 2013;30(1):1–4.
143. Saule I, Hawkins N. Transfusion practice in major obstetric haemorrhage: lessons from
trauma. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2012;21(1):79–83.
144. Sommer N, Schnüriger B, Candinas D, Haltmeier T. Massive transfusion protocols in
nontrauma patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg.
2019;86(3):493–504.
145. Kauvar DS, Sarfati MR, Kraiss LW.Intraoperative blood product resuscitation and mortality
in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg. 2012;55(3):688–92.
146. Khan H, Belsher J, Yilmaz M, Afessa B, Winters JL, Moore SB, etal. Fresh-frozen plasma
and platelet transfusions are associated with development of acute lung injury in critically ill
medical patients. Chest. 2007;131(5):1308–14.
147. Sambasivan CN, Kunio NR, Nair PV, Zink KA, Michalek JE, Holcomb JB, etal. High ratios
of plasma and platelets to packed red blood cells do not affect mortality in nonmassively
transfused patients. J Trauma. 2011;71(2 Suppl 3):S329–36.
148. Debarros M, Hatch Q, Porta CR, Salgar S, Izenberg S, DuBose J, etal. Tranexamic acid corrects brinolysis in the presence of acidemia in a swine model of severe ischemic reperfusion.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014;76(3):625–33.
149. Porta CR, Nelson D, McVay D, Salgar S, Eckert M, Izenberg S, etal. The effects of tranexamic
acid and prothrombin complex concentrate on the coagulopathy of trauma: an invitro analysis of the impact of severe acidosis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;75(6):954–60.
150. Diebel ME, Diebel LN, Manke CW, Liberati DM, Whittaker JR. Early tranexamic acid
administration: a protective effect on gut barrier function following ischemia/reperfusion
injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79(6):1015–22.
151. Dunn CJ, Goa KL.Tranexamic acid: a review of its use in surgery and other indications.
Drugs. 1999;57(6):1005–32.
152. Huang F, Wu D, Ma G, Yin Z, Wang Q.The use of tranexamic acid to reduce blood loss and
transfusion in major orthopedic surgery: a meta-analysis. J Surg Res. 2014;186(1):318–27.
153. Ker K, Edwards P, Perel P, Shakur H, Roberts I.Effect of tranexamic acid on surgical bleeding: systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012;344:e3054.
154. WOMAN Trial Collaborators. Effect of early tranexamic acid administration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with post-partum haemorrhage
(WOMAN): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet.
2017;389(10084):2105–16.
155. Shakur H, Roberts I, Bautista R, Caballero J, Coats T, etal. Effects of tranexamic acid on death,
vascular occlusive events, and blood transfusion in trauma patients with signicant haemorrhage (CRASH-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2010;376(9734):23–32.
156. Roberts I, Shakur H, Afolabi A, Brohi K, Coats T, Dewan Y, etal. The importance of early
treatment with tranexamic acid in bleeding trauma patients: an exploratory analysis of the
CRASH-2 randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2011;377(9771):1096–101; 1101.e1–2.
157. Morrison JJ, Dubose JJ, Rasmussen TE, Midwinter MJ.Military application of tranexamic
acid in trauma emergency resuscitation (MATTERs) study. Arch Surg. 2012;147(2):113–9.
158. Morrison JJ, Ross JD, Dubose JJ, Jansen JO, Midwinter MJ, Rasmussen TE.Association of
cryoprecipitate and tranexamic acid with improved survival following wartime injury: ndings from the MATTERs II study. JAMA Surg. 2013;148(3):218–25.
N. D. Neilsen et al.
11 Blood Transfusion Safety intheOperating Room
https://t.me/med1917
159. Cole E, Davenport R, Willett K, Brohi K.Tranexamic acid use in severely injured civilian
patients and the effects on outcomes: a prospective cohort study. Ann Surg. 2015;261(2):390–4.
160. Valle EJ, Allen CJ, Van Haren RM, Jouria JM, Li H, Livingstone AS, etal. Do all trauma
patients benet from tranexamic acid? J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014;76(6):1373–8.
161. Myers SP, Kutcher ME, Rosengart MR, Sperry JL, Peitzman AB, Brown JB, etal. Tranexamic
acid administration is associated with an increased risk of posttraumatic venous thromboembolism. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019;86(1):20–7.
162. Chapman MP, Moore EE, Ramos CR, Ghasabyan A, Harr JN, Chin TL, etal. Fibrinolysis
greater than 3% is the critical value for initiation of antibrinolytic therapy. J Trauma Acute
Care Surg. 2013;75(6):961–7.
163. Harvin JA, Peirce CA, Mims MM, Hudson JA, Podbielski JM, Wade CE, etal. The impact of
tranexamic acid on mortality in injured patients with hyperbrinolysis. J Trauma Acute Care
Surg. 2015;78(5):905–9; discussion 909–11.
164. Khan M, Jehan F, Bulger EM, OʼKeeffe T, Holcomb JB, Wade CE, etal. Severely injured
trauma patients with admission hyperbrinolysis: is there a role of tranexamic acid? Findings
from the PROPPR trial. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018;85(5):851–7.
165. Moore HB, Moore EE, Huebner BR, Stettler GR, Nunns GR, Einersen PM, etal. Tranexamic
acid is associated with increased mortality in patients with physiological brinolysis. J Surg
Res. 2017;220:438–43.
166. Meizoso JP, Dudaryk R, Mulder MB, Ray JJ, Karcutskie CA, Eidelson SA, etal. Increased
risk of brinolysis shutdown among severely injured trauma patients receiving tranexamic
acid. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018;84(3):426–32.
167. Moore HB, Moore EE, Chapman MP, Hansen KC, Cohen MJ, Pieracci FM, et al. Does
tranexamic acid improve clot strength in severely injured patients who have elevated brin
degradation products and low brinolytic activity, measured by thrombelastography? J Am
Coll Surg. 2019;229(1):92–101.
168. Butcher A, Richards T.Cornerstones of patient blood management in surgery. Transfus Med.
2018;28(2):150–7.
169. Quinn EM, Meland E, McGinn S, Anderson JH.Correction of iron-deciency anaemia in
colorectal surgery reduces perioperative transfusion rates: a before and after study. Int J Surg.
2017;38:1–8.
170. Froessler B, Palm P, Weber I, Hodyl NA, Singh R, Murphy EM.The important role for
intravenous iron in perioperative patient blood management in major abdominal surgery: a
randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2016;264(1):41–6.
171. Yeh DD.A clinician’s perspective on laboratory utilization management. Clin Chim Acta.
2014;427:145–50.
172. Parker MJ, Roberts CP, Hay D.Closed suction drainage for hip and knee arthroplasty. A
meta-analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86(6):1146–52.
173. Khalafallah AA, Yan C, Al-Badri R, Robinson E, Kirkby BE, Ingram E, etal. Intravenous
ferric carboxymaltose versus standard care in the management of postoperative anaemia: a
prospective, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Haematol. 2016;3(9):e415–25.
197
Соседние файлы в папке @xirurgi_2025